Daban-daban halaye na pearl kabewa nutmeg –

‘Ya’yan itãcen kabewa suna da matukar godiya ga yawan adadin magungunan da ke tattare da abun da ke ciki da kuma dandano mai dadi. Daya daga cikin mafi ƙamshi, dandano da lafiya Pearl Muscat squash. Don kada ya rasa ɗanɗanonta, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye ingantattun yanayin noman sa.

Daban-daban Halayen Lu’u-lu’u nutmeg kabewa

Halayen iri-iri

Shuka-matsakaici: aƙalla kwanaki 100-110 dole ne su wuce tsakanin dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa da girbi, kuma wani lokacin cikakken balaga yana buƙatar jira har zuwa kwanaki 130. Short-layered, mai ƙarfi, yana da shafuka 4 zuwa 7 na gefe.

Bayanin kabewar lu’u-lu’u.

1. Siffar Sau da yawa, elongated, cylindrical, wani lokacin zagaye, m da ribbed ‘ya’yan itatuwa ana samun su. Ya ƙunshi ƙananan gida na tsaba, kuma sauran kayan lambu shine ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanda ke ƙara girman girman ɓangaren samfurin.
2. Girma da nauyi. Kabewa na wannan iri-iri suna da girma: matsakaicin tsayin su shine 45-50 cm. Nauyin: 5-8 kg.
3. Launi. Bawon shuka a hankali yana canza launinsa daga launin toka-kore zuwa kore-orange. Bangaren, saboda keratin, launin ruwan lemo ne mai haske.
4. Shell Slim, sassauƙa.
5. Ruwan ruwa. Yana da fibrous, m, taushi, crunchy, m tsari, located a cikin kauri Layer. M, mai daɗi. Haɗe a yawancin jita-jita na dafa abinci.
6. Ganyayyaki. Suna da matsakaicin girma, pentagonal, ba a raba su ba. Kore mai duhu tare da ƙananan fararen aibobi.

Babban halayen irin wannan kabewa sune:

• jure yanayin zafi,
• high aiki,
• kyakkyawan haƙurin fari,
• Dogon rayuwa mai amfani.

Girbi a cikin yanayin bushe bushe, ƙoƙarin kada ya karya wutsiya a ƙarƙashin tushen – ya kamata ya zama tsayin 5-10 cm. Idan za ta yiwu, ana adana ‘ya’yan itatuwa da aka zaɓa a cikin rana don kimanin kwanaki 3-4.

Tukwici: kada ku adana kabewa a cikin ginshiki, a cikin ginshiki, a can zai yi sauri da sauri kuma ya ɓata. Yi ƙoƙarin cin shi har tsawon watanni shida, saboda bayan haka kayan lambu sun rasa dandano.

Dokokin noma

Don samun girbi mai kyau, yana da mahimmanci a bi wasu ka’idoji. Yawan da dandano ‘ya’yan itatuwa da aka dauka kai tsaye ya dogara da wannan.

Yanayi

Wani muhimmin yanayi a cikin tsarin girma na wannan kabewa an zaba ƙasa da kyau. Dole ne ya kasance:

• hasken rana sosai, yayi dumi da sauri.
• kariya daga zane-zane,
• tare da yashi ko yumbu ƙasa.

Girman nutmeg baya buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa, lokaci, da farashin kayan aiki. A saboda wannan dalili, ko da lambun da ba su da kwarewa zasu iya girma su.

Shirye-shiryen iri

Dole ne a shirya iri don dasa shuki

Kafin dasa shuki tsaba, dole ne a shirya su. Don wannan dalili, wajibi ne:

• jiƙa na tsawon sa’o’i 18-20 a cikin wani bayani mai ruwa na potassium permanganate da 500 MG da 1 lita na ruwa,
• Bayan ƙayyadadden lokaci, kurkura kayan dasa da ruwa mai tsabta. Ruwa,
• bushe tsaba da kyau,
• bi da su tare da lamba fungicides (wannan zai taimaka kare shuka daga cututtuka daban-daban).

Ana shirya tsaba na ɗan gajeren lokaci kafin saukowa

Shiri na gadaje

Don dasa kabewa, kuna buƙatar shirya gadaje. Don yin wannan, tono ramuka, barin nisa tsakanin su na kimanin 1 zuwa 1.4 m. Sanya gadaje don nisa tsakanin su ya kai kusan 1 m 40 cm.

Shuka tsaba

Ana iya yin shuka iri ta hanyoyi biyu:

• kai tsaye kasa,
• ga seedlings.

Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen Mayu – farkon Yuni. Don seedlings, shuka a watan Afrilu. A cikin rami, yana da kyau a sanya tsaba 2 a zurfin kusan 5 cm.

Kyakkyawan harbe-harbe da suka fito. Tare da ingantaccen shuka kayan shuka, zaku iya girbi har zuwa kilogiram 15 a kowace 1 km2. m.

Bayani: mafi saurin girma na kabewa yana faruwa a zazzabi na 18 zuwa 25 ° C.

Shuka kulawa

Domin ƙananan harbe na nutmeg shuka su yi girma da kyau, suna buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Idan lokacin rani yana tare da yanayin sanyi, yanke mai tushe, barin ba fiye da guda uku ba.

Lokacin da sprout ya kai tsayin 50 cm, yanke saman. Wannan zai ba da damar tafiyar matakai na gefe don haɓaka.

Watse

lokacin furanni yana da mahimmanci don shayar da tsire-tsire akai-akai

Ko da yake lu’u-lu’u yana jure bushewar bushewa da kyau, tsire-tsire ce mai girma. Shayar da shi a ƙarƙashin tushen kamar sau ɗaya a mako. Mafi mahimmancin abubuwan da shuka ke buƙatar shayarwa shine:

• lokacin samuwar inflorescence mai aiki,
• lokacin flowering,
• mataki na kafa ‘ya’yan itace.

A karshen mataki na samuwar ovary, mita da ƙarfin ban ruwa ya kamata a rage zuwa lokaci 1 a cikin makonni 2. In ba haka ba, akwai haɗarin rage jin daɗin kabewa saboda yawan danshi, da kuma yiwuwar fashe.

Tushen ci gaban

Domin ci gaban vegetative part a cikin abin da ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari aka kafa, yayyafa da baya moistened ƙasa Branching internodes. Wannan hanya za ta haifar da ƙarin tushen tushen. Ya kamata a yi ƙura sau 2-3 a kowace kakar.

Abincin

Lu’u-lu’u na kabewa yana da kyakkyawar amsawa ga abinci. Ana samar da na farko lokacin dasawa, ana ƙara takin gargajiya da humus ga kowace rijiya a cikin rabon cokali 2. l 5 kg.

A cikin watanni 2 na farkon lokacin rani, ana yin suturar kowane mako 2, tare da haɗawa:

• Maganin taki – 1: 5,
• ma’adinai hadaddun takin mai magani – 1 tbsp. l

A cikin watan ƙarshe na bazara, suna canzawa zuwa takin potash.

Bayani: Lokacin dasa amfanin gona na kankana kusa da ramin takin, yawan amfanin gona yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa.

Pollination

Don pollination na yau da kullun, yakamata a kiyaye waɗannan abubuwa:

• matakin zafi,
• yanayin zafi.

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Matsakaicin zafi mai nuna alama shine mafi kyau duka – daga 60 zuwa 70%. Dole ne zafin jiki ya kasance sama da 20 ° C.

Cututtuka da kwari

Cututtuka da kwari masu zuwa sune mafi yawanci kuma masu haɗari ga nau’in kabewa na Lu’u-lu’u:

• bacteriosis. Yana wakiltar bayyanar launin ruwan kasa a kan lobes na tsaba, wanda sannu a hankali ya koma cikin ulcers. Dole ne a lalata shukar da cutar ta shafa gaba ɗaya ta hanyar lalata wurin girma da kabewa makwabta tare da ruwa Bordeaux ko jan karfe sulfate,
• tushen rot: fungal kamuwa da cuta daga cikin tushen da mai tushe, wanda ya dakatar da ci gaban ‘ya’yan itace. Suna yaki da cutar ta hanyar shayar da tushen tare da maganin Previkur da kuma amfani da suturar saman a cikin nau’i na sulfate na jan karfe da zinc sulfate (1: 1). Don samar da sababbin tushen, an yayyafa shuka da ƙasa.
• powdery mildew shine naman gwari mai juriya wanda ke bayyana saboda yawan zafi, ƙarancin zafi, yawan adadin takin nitrogen.Magunguna: sodium hydrogen phosphate, cumulus,
• gizo-gizo mite – kwaro da ke bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki a lokacin bushewa. Yana jin tsoron danshi, cirewa ta hanyar maganin isophene, sulfur ƙasa,
• aphid kabewa kwaro ne da ake ajiyewa a gindin ganye. Kuna iya kawar da shi ta hanyar fesa karbofos.

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don hana bullar cututtuka da kwari ita ce a datse gadaje na ciyayi lokaci-lokaci, a cire tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cuta kuma kada a wuce gona da iri da shayarwa.