Sanin halayen tsire-tsire masu girma yana ba ku damar samun girbi mai yawa cikin sauƙi. Yadda za a daidaita nisa tsakanin layuka dankali a lokacin dasa shuki? Bari mu bincika tsare-tsare masu inganci.
Ƙayyade tazara tsakanin layuka
Me yasa ƙayyade nisa tsakanin layuka?
Tushen amfanin gona yana da sauƙin shuka, yana ba da damar yin noma akan manyan gonaki da kuma cikin ƙananan gidajen ƙasa. Manoma suna ƙoƙarin cimma iyakar amfanin gona a kowace murabba’in mita.
Nisa tsakanin dankali a lokacin dasa shuki shine ma’auni wanda ke shafar girma da ingancin samfurin da aka gama. Dangane da dokoki, yana da kyau a rarraba yankin da ake amfani da shi na shafin. Kyakkyawan gado mai kyau yana ba da damar shiga kowane daji cikin sauƙi kuma baya wahalar gyarawa.
Haɓakawa ko raguwar nau’in yana da illa ga yawan amfanin ƙasa. Yawan shuka da yawa yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa kowace shuka ba ta da abubuwan gina jiki, don haka bushes suna raunana kuma ba sa farantawa da yawan ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Wurin da ya wuce kima yana da haɗari: amfanin gona ya kai saman, kuma dankali ya zama babba da ƙanana.
A kan tudu
Wannan shine ɗayan manyan zaɓuɓɓukan shuka. Dangane da hanyar, ana shuka tsaba bisa ga tsarin 30 x 70 cm. An tono yankin a hankali, bayan haka an yi alamar ramuka guda tare da zaren kuma an shimfiɗa shi zuwa zurfin 50 mm zuwa 100 mm.
Ana zuba cokali 1 a kowane rami. l ash da 0.5 shebur na humus. An dage farawa tubers a saman, sannan an rufe shi da ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci don cimma alamar ‘crest’ a ɓangarorin biyu, kama da harafin ‘M’. Tsayin ƙarshe ya bambanta daga 0.25 m zuwa 0.3 m.
Nisa da aka nuna lokacin dasa dankali yana sauƙaƙa cire ciyawa daga tsire-tsire. A karkashin aladu, amfanin gona yana da lafiya daga bushewa a cikin zafi kuma baya lalacewa a lokacin damina. Babban fa’idodin hanyar:
- farkon dasa,
- saurin ci gaban lafiya shrubs,
- dumama da rana,
- aikin ya karu da 25%,
- sauki girbi.
A karkashin shebur
Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci na girma tushen. Nisa tsakanin layuka na dankali bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 70 cm ba, kuma tazara na tubers daga juna – dan kadan fiye da 25. A lokaci guda, an jawo hankali ga yawan harbe-harbe a cikin samfurori: karin tushen. , mafi girman nisa.
Fasaha tana buƙatar mafi kyawun zafin jiki. Yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙasa ta narke kuma ta warmed har zuwa 8 ° C. Tare da aikin farko, waterlogging da daskarewa na amfanin gona yana yiwuwa, dasa shuki marigayi yana barazanar asarar danshi da lokaci mai daraja don samuwa.
A cikin ramuka
Wannan hanya tana dacewa da yankuna masu bushewa. Nisa tsakanin layuka na farkon dankali ya kamata ya zama daidaitattun – daga 70 cm zuwa 80 cm. A cikin kaka, ana haƙa ramuka zuwa zurfin 300 mm. Ana sanya takin gargajiya a ƙasa:
- toka,
- taki,
- taki,
- rigar hay.
Bayan ‘yan watanni, matashin abinci mai gina jiki zai daidaita, bayan haka za a dasa tubers. Ana sanya tsaba a cikin ramuka a nesa na 0.3 m daga juna, suna murƙushe ƙasa maras kyau daga sama. Idan kun yi takin mai magani a cikin kaka, ba a buƙatar ƙarin hadi a duk lokacin girma. Ana murkushe saman sannan a shayar da shi.
Yi shiri don ƙasa a cikin rami tare da kaka
Hanyar ba ta shahara a cikin yankuna masu zafi ba, saboda akwai yiwuwar ruwa na al’ada. Don hana faruwar hakan, ana ba da shawarar tono ramuka a kusa da gefuna don zubar da danshi.
A cikin akwati
Menene nisa da ake buƙata lokacin dasa dankali a cikin kwalaye? Tsakanin zane-zane suna riƙe da sassa daga 60 cm zuwa 90 cm, wanda dole ne a rufe shi da ciyawa. Tsayin tsarin ya kamata ya kai daidaitattun 300 mm, kuma nisa – har zuwa 1 m. An cika akwati da takin mai magani bisa ga makirci:
A cikin akwati daya ba a yi fiye da layuka 2 ba, ana dasa tubers a cikin tsari na checkerboard. Tsawon daji daga wannan daji zuwa wani shine cm 30. Godiya ga fasaha, tsire-tsire suna karɓar isasshen adadin hasken ultraviolet kuma suna adana kayan abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Dasa zurfin
Wani muhimmin mahimmanci wanda ke rinjayar matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa. Dangane da iri-iri da girman kayan iri, ana ƙididdige mafi kyawun nisa daga zurfin dankalin turawa. Ƙananan samfurori suna da wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki, don haka masu sana’a suna sanya su a cikin rijiyoyi har zuwa 12 cm.
Manyan tubers suna da isasshen makamashi wanda zai ba ku damar shawo kan dasa shuki fiye da mm 100 cikin sauƙi. Yaren mutanen Holland hybrids suna girma a cikin manyan gadaje – 0.2 m. Zaɓin gida bai shirya don irin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ba.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙididdige nisa na gadaje dankalin turawa, manoma ba sa tsammani sosai. Ana shuka kayan da aka shuka a cikin ramuka waɗanda ba sa tsoma baki tare da matakai. Don guje wa bazuwar, lokacin da sassa na ƙasa suna ba da izinin hutu kaɗan.
Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da zurfin dashen dankalin turawa a ko’ina cikin filin.
Akwai buƙatu daban-daban don nau’ikan ƙasa daban-daban. Rufewa har zuwa 7 cm ya dace da yumbu, kuma marl da ƙasa mai nauyi suna buƙatar ramukan har zuwa 10. A kan yashi mai yashi, ana bada shawarar sanya fiye da 11 cm a cikin rami. Sanin halaye yana ba ku damar kula da danshi da zafi, kuma yana samar da iska na asali na tushen.
Nisa tsakanin tubers
Bayan ƙayyade abin da ake buƙata nisa tsakanin gadaje dankalin turawa, yana da sauƙi don ƙayyade rata na tushen amfanin gona. Bisa ga fasaha, a kowace murabba’in 1. m shuka kusan guda 6.
Idan jeri ya kasance 70 cm, nisa tsakanin ramukan zai zama 25 ko 30 cm. Masu sana’a suna kiran wannan ma’auni da faɗin bayoneti. Wannan makirci yana ba da dashen daji mai yawa, wanda bai dace da duk manoma ba. Wataƙila raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa, ba zai zama da daɗi sosai don kula da bushes ba.
Idan tubers sun kasance 60 cm baya, yana da mahimmanci a lissafta daidai wurin da ake amfani da shi. Ba koyaushe alkalumman da aka karɓa za su ba ku damar yin amfani da su ba. Tare da nisa mai yawa (har zuwa 1 m), sassan na sama suna haɓaka da kyau, amma suna samar da ƙananan tubercles.
Iri-iri ya dogara da nisa tsakanin layuka dankalin turawa da tushen amfanin gona. Don farkon nau’ikan, nisa har zuwa 30 cm ya dace. Ana dasa nau’ikan daga baya koyaushe a cikin babban tazara, 35 zuwa 45 cm.
Tips akan gadaje
Idan babu kulawa mai kyau ga amfanin gona, daidaitaccen nisa lokacin dasa shuki dankali ba zai hana ku rasa amfanin gona ba.
Juyawa amfanin gona a cikin lambun yana ba da damar hana raunin tushen amfanin gona. Ana shuka gadaje dankalin turawa inda tsire-tsire masu aminci suka girma a kakar da ta gabata. Abubuwan amfanin gona da aka ba da shawarar sun haɗa da:
- cucumbers,
- beets,
- karas,
- salatin,
- kabeji.
Lokacin zabar mafi kyawun nisa tsakanin layuka na dankali, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa layin da furrows yana da shugabanci na arewa-kudu. Godiya ga wannan dabarar, rana za ta haskaka bushes a lokacin hasken rana. Idan ka canza gefe, wani ɓangare na al’ada zai fara dusashewa daga zafi, kuma sashi zai mutu ga yunwa saboda rashi na rana.
Kafin dasa tubers, ana amfani da takin gargajiya ko ma’adinai. Yashi yana sa ƙasa ta ƙara yawan iska kuma tokar tana wadatar da ita da mahimman abubuwan ganowa. Yawan hadi a lokacin kakar yana inganta haɓakar ganye, yana barin dankali kaɗan.
Wani muhimmin lokaci a cikin ci gaban amfanin gona shine flowering. A wannan lokacin, tsire-tsire suna ba da ruwa sosai. Rashin danshi yana rinjayar ƙarar samfurin ƙarshe. Ruwan da ya tsaya kusa da ramuka da dimples shine sanadin rubewa.
Girbi mai wadata shine cancantar manomi mai hankali.Ta hanyar sanin nisa tsakanin layuka lokacin dasa shuki dankali, yana da sauƙi a guje wa kuskuren gama gari a cikin noma.
