Winter Sweet Suman an bred a 1995 a Kuban (a daya daga cikin gwaji tashoshi na Shuka Production Research Institute).
Amfanin Winter Sweet Pumpkin iri-iri
Iri-iri na manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa da marigayi balagagge, halin da babban abun ciki na sukari da kuma kyakkyawan ingancin kiyayewa. Ba shi da ma’ana ga ƙasa, yana jure wa fari da sanyi da kyau. Hakan ya ba ta damar samun karbuwa cikin sauri, musamman a yankunan Arewa.
Halaye na Winter Sweet iri-iri
An yi amfani da squash na hunturu mai dadi musamman don yankuna masu bushe na Arewacin Caucasus da ƙananan Volga. Amma a lokaci guda, masu shayarwa kuma sun sami damar samun al’adun da ke jure sanyi da kyau. Ana iya dasa shi a tsakiyar tsiri, yankin Moscow, har ma a cikin Siberiya da Urals.
Ba shi da ma’ana a cikin ƙasa – idan wasu nau’ikan squash ba su girma da kyau a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa mai laushi, zai yi tushe sosai.
Idan an yi amfani da takin mai magani daidai, ko da a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarancin haihuwa, ana iya samun yawan amfanin ƙasa. A lokaci guda, nitrates ba zai tara a cikin ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba – wannan wata alama ce.
Amfanin kabewa shine rigakafi ga anthracosis da babban juriya ga mildew powdery.
Bayanin iri-iri
A iri-iri ne manyan-‘ya’yan itace. Suman suna da nauyin kilogiram 6 zuwa 12. Daga daya mita na gado za ka iya tattara 25-30 kg na kayayyakin. Cikinsa yana da wuya, amma mai dadi sosai, wanda ke bambanta kayan lambu na tebur ko nau’in duniya.
Akwai ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da yawa a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara, ana iya matse shi da gwangwani. Fatar tana da yawa, don haka ana adana kabewa har zuwa tsakiyar bazara.
Wannan nau’in balagagge ne, lokacin girma shine kwanaki 130-140. Ana iya girbi girbi a ƙarshen Satumba.
Bayanin alamun waje na ɗanɗano mai daɗi na hunturu:
- Matsakaici daji saƙa.
- Ganyen suna da girma, koren duhu, koren pentagonal, tare da faɗin darasi.
- Tushen suna da kauri, nama.
- Kabewa yana zagaye, yana da ƙarfi sosai a bangarorin biyu.
- Da kyau furta hakarkarinsa da lobes.
- Akwai warts da tubercles a saman.
- Harsashi yana da launin toka, tare da haske mai duhu da duhu. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari waɗanda ba su da girma suna da duhu kore a launi.
- Kaurin fata kadan ne, a cikin sashin yana da launin kore.
- Cibiyar ta kasance m, lokacin farin ciki, orange ko rawaya, m.
- Launin gidan iri shine orange. Kowane iri yana manne da shi ta wurin buɗaɗɗen tsari da sassauƙan tsari guda uku.
- Kwayoyin suna m ko kusan zagaye, rawaya a launi, ba babba ba. Fatar da ke kansu santsi ce, mai wuya kamar harsashi. Nauyin guda 1000 – 350-400 g.
Kabewa yana da kamshi sosai. Yana da sukari mai yawa, shi ya sa aka rarraba shi azaman nau’in zaki. Adadin carotene, sauran bitamin da abubuwan gano abubuwa daidai ne. Abubuwan caloric, duk da abun ciki na sukari, yana da ƙasa. An yi la’akari da kayan lambu a matsayin abincin abinci kuma ana bada shawara ga mutanen da suke so su rasa nauyi.
Shuka iri-iri
Taki zai kara yawan amfanin gona
Dangane da bayanin, ana ɗaukar nau’in kabewa na Winter Sweet hardy. Amma, gaba ɗaya, waɗannan albarkatun gona suna son zafi, ya kamata a dasa su a wurare masu haske, a gefen kudu.
Mafi kyawun magabata: dankali, karas, kabeji, legumes (Peas, wake, clover), tumatir, albasa, tafarnuwa za a iya sake dasa su bayan shekaru 5-6.
Wannan iri-iri ba shi da wahala sosai a ƙasa. Amma don girbi mai kyau, dole ne a yi amfani da takin mai magani. Idan lambun yana da ƙasa mai yumbu, ya kamata a sauƙaƙe – don yin wannan, yi peat ko takin tushen peat. Ana inganta ƙasa mai yashi ta hanyar ƙara chernozem, humus.
amfanin gona na son tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan alkaline kasa, ana sarrafa acidity ta calcium. Dangane da matakin pH, ana ƙara 200 zuwa 600 g na lemun tsami ko gari dolomite a kowace mita na gado. Hakanan wajibi ne don takin ƙasa.
Abincin
- Fosfato – 20 g / m²
- Nitrogen – 30 g / m²
- Organic – 7 kg / m²
Ana amfani da rabin kashi a cikin kaka da sauran a cikin bazara, ‘yan makonni kafin shuka. Sai kawai a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya sosai iri-iri za su nuna babban aikin sa.
Shiri don dasa shuki
Ana iya dasa kabewa ta hanyoyi biyu: don seedlings da tsaba kai tsaye a cikin lambun. Tun da iri-iri ya yi marigayi balagagge, a cikin yankunan arewa ana bada shawarar yin amfani da seedlings. Ya fara girma a farkon Afrilu ko ƙarshen Maris.
Ƙananan tukwane da aka riga aka dafa na peat, kwali ko filastik, tare da ƙarar kusan 150-200 ml. Cika su da daidaitattun ƙasa kayan lambu ko cucumbers. Ana ƙara teaspoon ɗaya na nitrophoska a kowace kilogiram 1 na ƙasa.
Kafin dasa shuki, ana kula da tsaba tare da rauni mai rauni na potassium permanganate, 0.02% zinc sulfate ko na musamman fungicides don hana cututtukan fungal. Sannan a zuba ruwan dumi domin kumburi na tsawon kwanaki 2-3.
Kuna iya ƙara haɓakar haɓakawa ko ash na yau da kullun zuwa akwati.Dasa iri a cikin tukunya, zuwa zurfin 1.5-2 cm. Ana sanya duk kwantena a cikin aljihun tebur, an rufe shi da foil na aluminum.
Yadda ake shukawa
Seedlings Muna bada shawarar girma a kan windowsill na kudancin. Lokacin da farkon seedlings ya bayyana (7-14 kwanaki bayan shuka), an cire fim din.
Bayan mako guda, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire nitrophos (5 g / 10 l na ruwa). Ana canza harbe zuwa gonar lokacin da suke da tsayin 15-20 cm, kuma 4-5 ganye na gaskiya zasu bayyana akan kara. Dokokin dasa shuki a cikin lambu iri ɗaya ne da na tsaba.
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai dumi
Ana dasa shuki ko tsaba a cikin ƙasa buɗe lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi zuwa 10-12 ° C.
Don squash na hunturu kuna buƙatar yanki na 80 × 80 cm ko 100 × 100 cm, saboda iri-iri yana da girma.
Tono rami mai zurfin cm 5 da diamita 4 cm. 2 seedling bushes ko 4-5 tsaba ana sanya su a hankali a can. Suna cika shi da ƙasa suna zuba.
Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, clayey, yana da kyau a dasa kabewa a kan tsaunukan 5-6 cm tsayi. Bayan tsaba sun fito, suna kallon kurmi. An kawar da masu rauni, kada a sami tsire-tsire fiye da 2 a cikin rami.
Cuidado
Girman ƙanƙara mai daɗi na hunturu yana nuna matakan kulawa na asali da aka zayyana a ƙasa.
Ciyawa
Ana yin weeding na farko lokacin da ganye na gaskiya 4-5 suka bayyana akan shuka ko mako guda bayan dasawa. Ana cire ciyawa daga hanyoyin tafiya da kuma kusa da shrubs. A lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa. A cikin hanyoyin, ana sassauta ƙasa kafin ruwa, kuma kusa da tushen bayansa.
A lokacin kakar, ana shuka sau 4-5 kuma a sassauta ƙasa sau 2-3 har sai ganyen ya rufe yankin gaba ɗaya.
Watse
Ruwa yana shrub yayin da ƙasa ke bushewa, tare da ruwan zafin ɗaki. Ana amfani da takin farko bayan kwanaki 20 bayan dasa shuki, sannan a kowane mako 2 har sai an daure ‘ya’yan itatuwa.
Taki
Don amfanin abinci:
- Nitrofosku (10 g da shuka a karon farko da 15 g daga baya)
- Ash (gilashi 1 a karkashin wani daji)
- Mullein 1: 8 tare da ruwa, taki 1: 4 ko taki kaza 1:10 (guga don bushes 6)
- Hadadden takin ma’adinai don kayan lambu (40-50 g / 10 l na ruwa)
Hilling
Hilling bushes zama dole kafin bayyanar furanni. Tsoka saman saman dan kada su karkata da yawa. Tabbatar duba yawan ‘ya’yan itatuwa da aka daure a kan reshe.
Don kabewa don girma, bai kamata ya zama fiye da 3. Masu rauni da crayons an yanke su a hankali.
Lokacin da ‘ya’yan itatuwa suka girma, ana ba da shawarar a ajiye busassun plywood ko bambaro a ƙasa don guje wa ruɓe.
Tukwici da dabaru
Kabewa yana da lafiya har zuwa wata hudu
Zai fi kyau saya Winter Sweet kabewa tsaba a cikin na musamman Stores. A cikin kasuwanni da kantunan tituna yana da sauƙi a fada cikin tarko kuma saya nau’in da ba daidai ba.
Ba a ba da shawarar adana tsaba fiye da shekara guda ba, ƙimar haɓakarsu ta ragu sosai. Idan zucchini ko wasu iri suna girma kusa da squash, yana da kyau kada a bar tsaba don haifuwa. Wadannan amfanin gona suna ketare kuma sun rasa halayensu iri-iri.
Winter squash na matsakaici saƙa, amma kuma ana bada shawarar shuka shi kusa da shinge ko net. Gidan shinge ba zai goyi bayan kawai ba, amma kuma ya kare shuka daga iska. Idan an shirya sanyi na marigayi kuma tsaba sun riga sun girma, zai fi kyau a rufe su da fim ko bambaro. Lokacin da aka ɗaure ‘ya’yan itatuwa, ana ba da shawarar shayarwa don ragewa sosai, in ba haka ba za su lalace.
Girbi lokacin da kurjin ya zama launin toka mai duhu, ba tare da koren tabo ba, kuma kara ya bushe. Idan kuna girma a karon farko, a hankali karanta bayanin cikakken pumpkins. Bayan girbi, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna ninka tsawon makonni 2-3 a ƙarƙashin wani rufin da rana ta dumama. Ana ɗaukar su zuwa ajiya, inda zafin jiki ya kasance a 8-14 ° C. Iri-iri yana jure wa daskarewa da kyau. Don yin wannan, ana kwasfa kabewa kuma a yanka a cikin cubes 3 × 3 zuwa 5 × 5 cm ko kuma a shafa a kan m grater.
Ana iya adana kabewa na kimanin shekara guda, amma bayan watanni 3-4, ya yi asarar kaddarorinsa masu amfani. An rage adadin sukari kuma matakin carotene ya ragu da kashi 80%. Saboda haka, suna ba da shawarar cin ‘ya’yan itatuwa a farkon watanni 2-3 bayan girbi.
Wannan iri-iri ne mai daɗi sosai. Kuna iya matse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da yin ruwan ‘ya’yan itace purees. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da sabbin ‘ya’yan itatuwa har sai sun rasa ruwa. Tun da samfurin ya ƙunshi glucose mai yawa, mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari ya kamata su ci tare da taka tsantsan.
Ra’ayoyin masu lambu game da wannan iri-iri
The Winter Sweet iri-iri ne in mun gwada da matasa, da yawa manoma sun yi girma da shi tsawon shekaru da barin tabbatacce feedback. Da farko, suna lura da dandano mai dadi mai dadi. Kayan lambu yana da ɗanɗano da sukari, daga gare ta ake samun hatsi masu daɗi sosai. Bayan daskarewa, ba ya rasa dandano.
Na biyu nuance lambu kamar shine yawan amfanin ƙasa na kayan lambu. Ana iya shuka pennies da yawa a cikin ƙaramin gado.
Dabbobi suna jin daɗin kabewa – kaji, zomaye, awaki, har ma da shanu. Saboda haka, zai zama kari mai amfani kuma mara tsada don ciyar da dabbobi. Abin da ke cikin bitamin A zai karu a cikin madara da ƙwai.
Yawancin ana shuka su don siyarwa – ana adana squash da kyau, don haka ana iya siyar da ‘ya’yan itacen rawaya a cikin hunturu lokacin da suka fi tsada.
Yana da juriya ga cututtuka, hasara saboda anthracosis ko powdery mildew kusan ba ya nan, wanda hakan ya sa noman ya ƙara samun riba.
disadvantages
Bisa ga sake dubawa na lambu daga yankunan arewa, a cikin damina lokacin rani Sweet kabewa ba samun ta bayyana sugar abun ciki. Musamman idan sun dasa shi nan da nan tare da tsaba a cikin lambun.
Marigayi nau’in girma na fara girma a cikin fall, lokacin da rana ba ta isa ba. A cikin tsakiyar layi, yana da kyau a shuka daga seedlings don canza lokacin girma zuwa ƙarshen Agusta ko farkon Satumba.
