Kudan zuma wanda Vladimir Petrovich Tsebro ya tsara –

Hive na Cebro yana da ƙirar jiki da yawa, jin daɗin aiki da sauƙin aiki da ita. Vladimir Petrovich, a matsayin mai bincike-bincike kuma mai haɓaka fasahar zamani don kiwon zuma, ya ba da kulawa ta musamman ga masaukin dabbobinsa.

An gwada hikin ne a gidajen apiaries a Rasha da Belarus, mallakin dalibai da mabiyan wannan mashahurin masanin ilimin kimiya da fasaha. An yi amfani da zane cikin nasara tsawon shekaru 20. Kuma sake dubawa game da ita a cikin yanayin ƙwararru shine mafi inganci.

Abun cikin labarin

• 1 mazakuta
• 2 zažužžukan
• 3 Abubuwan Hawawa da Girma
  • 3.1 Haɗa gidajen soket mai firam 14
  • 3.2 Halaye na rufi tsakanin ganuwar.
  • 3.3 Haɗin tanti don firam ɗin tantanin halitta 10
  • 3.4 Ƙarin 6 firam amya
• 4 Zane
• 5 Mahimman bayanai

mazakuta

Idan muka taƙaita duk kyawawan ra’ayoyi game da hive da Cebro ya gabatar, zamu iya haskaka fa’idodin wannan ƙirar:

• an inganta yanayin rayuwa da ayyukan kudan zuma;
• rayuwar mai kula da kudan zuma ta zama mai sauƙi: yana da sauƙi kuma mafi dacewa don kula da nests;
• tare da tsari mai bango biyu, hive baya buƙatar wani ƙarin rufi a cikin ganuwar: ƙudan zuma sun sami nasarar hunturu a kan titi;
• Za a iya sanya sassan tanti a cikin rumfar tsaye ta buɗe ƙofar gefe ta musamman; Wannan magudi yana da sauƙi kuma mai dacewa a cikin aiwatarwa;
• murfin gidan yana daidaitawa tare da hinges, idan ana so, ana iya sanye shi da kulle;
• ƙyanƙyashe na musamman a ƙasan hive, wanda aka ƙara shi ta hanyar ƙwanƙwasa mai juyawa, yana sauƙaƙe tsaftace gidan a cikin bazara (zaka iya cire ruwa cikin sauƙi, kurkura ko tsaftace tawul ɗin sosai, sa’an nan kuma mayar da shi zuwa wurinsa);
• An shigar da terrace mai cirewa a cikin ƙofar sama, sanye take da gilashi don kare hive daga iska.

Hidimar ta nuna kanta sosai a lokacin hunturu da kuma lokacin zafi mai zafi. A lokacin gwaje-gwaje, an yi rikodin zafin jiki daga +40 zuwa -30 digiri.

zažužžukan

Cikakken gida ya ƙunshi:

• daga wani tsayayyen tsari mai bango biyu mai ɗauke da firam ɗin saƙar zuma 14: akwai saƙar zuma;
• na 2 tanti kari da aka tsara don goma rabin firam tare da girman 435 x 150 millimeters;
• na kudade biyu da aka yi nufin shigarwa a ƙarƙashin kari na kantin sayar da;
• bene biyu, kuma an tsara shi don sassan hive 10-frame shop;
• 2 alfarwa kari, tare da damar 5 firam ɗin saƙar zuma;
• alluna don zuwan ƙudan zuma;
• na goyon bayan hive;
• daga filin isowa tare da gilashin kariya;
• na kwamfutar hannu da aka ƙera don tattara matattun ƙudan zuma a cikin bazara;
• na matashin kai don dumi;
• daga saitin faranti na toshe wanda aka tsara don ƙudan zuma 3;
• don rarraba grids;
• na zane;
• na wani sa na firam na Dadanov da rabin firam (girman 435 ta 300 da 435 ta 150).

An shigar da kari na ajiya don firam ɗin salula 5 kamar yadda ake buƙata! Ana sanya su a gefen alfarwansu don maki 10.

Don yadudduka, ana amfani da kari na firam 10, cikakke tare da kasa da murfi (bisa ga ka’idar tsarin tsarin jiki da yawa don sassa uku).

Abubuwan Hawawa da Girma

Babban jiki, wanda ake kira a tsaye ko gida, yana da tsari mai bango biyu. Daga ciki, an haɗa ganuwar daga plywood ko takarda. Kauri daga cikin sarari tsakanin ganuwar shine 4 cm; wannan ya isa don ingantaccen rufin thermal a cikin zafi da sanyi har zuwa -30 digiri.

Ƙararren hive ɗin da aka ce, tare da haɓaka tanti guda biyu, daidai yake da benaye 4 na tsarin jiki da yawa.

Haɗa gidajen soket mai firam 14

An yi bushing daga katako mai kauri na 25mm. An ƙusa ƙasan allon 40 mm. Ana saukar da duk wannan a cikin kwandon plywood na tsaye.

An yanke ragon shigarwar ƙasa a bangon gaba. Yana kan matakin ƙasa kuma yana da tsayin santimita 1. Ramin shigar da ke sama daidai yake da na ƙasa. Faɗinsa shine 100mm, wurin yana da 250mm daga matakin ƙasa a tsakiyar bango.

Kyankyawan dubawa yana bayan gidan. Anan a kasa an yanke taga mai tsayin santimita 3 a fadin fadin gaba daya. A sakamakon haka, an kafa sararin ƙasa na centimeters uku tare da tsayin jiki na 33 cm. Anan an sanya ragar rigakafin mite a lokacin rani, kuma a cikin hunturu ana sanya farantin tire don tattara podmor.

Sashin gida a cikin sasanninta da kewayen ƙasa an gyara shi tare da tubalan tare da sashin 40 ta 40 mm. 6mm plywood aka saka a kan firam. A cikin kwandon plywood, ramukan famfo da taga pallet an yanke su a wuraren da suka dace. Yanke na sama na firam na waje shine 2,2 cm sama da jikin mace.

A waje, tare da ƙaddamarwa na yanke na sama na ganuwar 2 cm, an ƙusa tube na 60 mm fadi da 15 lokacin farin ciki. Suna aiki a matsayin goyon baya ga rufi. Gilashin gefen ya kamata su fito da 120mm zuwa baya don samar da tasha don murfin murfin a cikin wuri mai nadewa (lokacin duba hive).

An yi murfin a mataki ɗaya. An haɗa kayan doki don wannan daga allunan 20mm (gaba da baya) da plywood 10mm (gefuna). An ba da gangara saboda bambancin tsayin sassan: gaba 150 da 120 mm a baya. Dogayen ramukan samun iska tare da tsayin 25 mm an yanke su cikin bangon gefe, waɗanda aka cire tare da ragar ƙarfe.

An yanke garkuwar rufin daga plywood 6mm, la’akari da 50mm zoba a kusa da dukan kewaye. An haɗa murfin zuwa bangon baya na tsarin tallafi na gidan ta amfani da hinges na kofa. Daga sama an lullube shi da pewter.

Halaye na rufi tsakanin ganuwar.

Ana samun samar da insulation mai inganci da samun iska kamar haka:

Ana saka abubuwan da aka yi da tsiri mai tsayi mm 20 da kauri 40 mm cikin sarari tsakanin bangon. Ana sanya matashin ɗumi da aka yi da burla da cushe da ja a saman gidan. A lokaci guda, ba a buƙatar ƙarin haɓakar thermal – sarari tsakanin ganuwar ba ta cika da rufi ba.

Tare da farkon bazara, ana juya masu layi kuma an shimfiɗa su a gefen. Iskar zafi tana tashi da yardar kaina a ƙarƙashin murfin kuma ta fita ta hanyar samun iska.

Don hunturu, wajibi ne a rufe taga a bangon baya don shigar da pallet. Don wannan, an haɗa toshe sama da ƙyanƙyashe. Anan, an ƙusa katako tare da kusoshi a kan hinges, wanda ke rufe ramin.

An shigar da veranda a kan ƙananan dandamali kuma an haɗa shi zuwa ramin famfo. Don lokacin hunturu, ana shigar da bawul a ciki, yana kare shi daga iska da shigar kwari. Kuma a cikin lokacin bazara-rani akwai tarkon pollen.

An haɗe bene na sama azaman raka’a ɗaya tare da dandamalin saukowa na nadawa; don hunturu, dukan tsarin yana tasowa akan hinges, yana rufe ƙofar zuwa hive.

Haɗin tanti don firam ɗin tantanin halitta 10

Akwai inci 32 na sarari kyauta tsakanin rufin da gida. An shigar da kari biyu na tanti a nan, an tsara su don wani yanki mai tsayi tare da tsayin 145mm.

Girman ciki na caja (a mm):

• 450 nisa;
• tsayi 380;
• 155 tsawo.

An haɗa gaba da baya na tsawo tare da allunan 20mm kuma an haɗa bangarorin tare da plywood 10mm.

Kunshin ya haɗa da gasa mai rarrabawa da diaphragms 4mm guda biyu, wanda aka hatimce a kewayen tare da ɗigon roba.

An shigar da maƙallan a gefe, kusa da haɓakar alfarwa. Idan ba a can ba, caja ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ɗan ƙaramin matsayi – firam ɗin saƙar zuma guda huɗu ya kamata a bayyane, yana ba ku damar shigar da firam ɗin cikin sauƙi (amfani da lalata Varroa mites).

Ƙarin 6 firam amya

Ana yin ƙananan amya don firam ɗin saƙar zuma guda 6 don kula da rani na iyalai masu taimako. An rataye su da ƙugiya a cikin manyan gidaje, a bangon hagu da dama. Hakanan ginshiƙan firam ɗin 6 sun dace don adana combs a cikin hunturu.

An ce ana tattara amya kamar haka:

1. An zana cikin gida daga plywood 4mm. Girman gefe: 47,2 ta 33,5; bangon gaba – 23,5 zuwa 30,3; bangon baya – 23,5 zuwa 32,5; kasa – 23,5 ta 46 santimita.
2. Tare da kewaye, firam a cikin nau’i na tube mai faɗi 25mm da kauri 8mm an haɗa shi zuwa duk wuraren da ke sama.
3. An tattara gida ta hanyar da tazara ta 8 mm ta kasance tsakanin kasa da gaban jiki. A wannan yanayin, ana saukar da jiragen gaba da baya na tsarin santimita ɗaya a ƙasa da tarnaƙi – an kafa shiryayye don rataye firam ɗin saƙar zuma.
4. Na gaba, ci gaba zuwa layi. Don bangon waje, zaku iya amfani da alluna ko fiberboard. Girman su ne kamar haka (a cikin cm): bangon gefe – 47,2 ta 25,9; bangon baya – 42,5 ta 26,7; bangon gaba – 37,9 ta 26,7; daga 47,2 zuwa 25,9.
5. An kafa sararin samaniya a kan firam saboda fitowar manyan yanke na bangon waje; an kafa tazarar santimita 8,4 a nan. Kuna iya shigar da kwanon sha ko feeder akansa, da kuma shimfida matashin kai don dumama.
6. An cushe sanduna a cikin bangon waje a saman tare da dukkan kewayen. Nisa daga saman yanke shine 35mm. Sashi na 20 ta 15 mm. Wannan shine goyan bayan ɗaurin hular.
7. Wurin da kansa an haɗa shi daga takarda na fiberboard (51 ta 29,6 cm) da tsiri mai faɗuwa. Girman allunan suna da tsayi cm 4 da kauri 1,2 cm.
8. An shimfiɗa zane a kan firam ɗin da aka kafa kuma an shimfiɗa rufin – takarda na fiberboard tare da sandunan rikodi a sama.
9. Ramin shigarwa yana sanye da tarko: an ɗora shi tsakanin kasa da kasa yanke na bangon gaba, da kuma shinge don zuwan ƙudan zuma (girmansa shine 15 by 15 by 267 mm).

Zane

Zane na majalisar Beehive Cebro:

• tsakiyar gidan;
• cikakkun bayanai na sashin tsakiya;
• bangarori masu tushe;
• sassan masu gadi na gefe;
• wurin da garkuwar ke kan bangon shari’ar;
• garkuwar bangon gaba;
• garkuwar bangon baya;
• garkuwa bangon hagu;
• garkuwar bangon dama;
• Rufewa tare da cikakkun bayanai.

Hotunan akwati na firam 5 da 10, samfuri:

Mahimman bayanai

Don mafi kyawun samun iska na sararin samaniya tsakanin ganuwar, yana da kyau a rushe sassan waje na tsarin a cikin ɗaki ɗaya ko daga wannan ƙarshen zuwa wancan.

Don yin hive na Cebro da hannuwanku, dole ne ku yi amfani da itace mai inganci, saboda yana da mahimmanci don samar da bangon firam ɗin “mai numfashi”.

Kayan ya kamata ya sha kuma ya saki danshi da kyau. Sai kawai a cikin wannan yanayin ƙudan zuma ba za su sha wahala ba.

Kamar yadda aka sani daga binciken Woodrow na 1935, kwari suna mutuwa a cikin kwanaki takwas a cikin zafi fiye da 90%, kuma zafi na 50% yana rage rayuwarsu zuwa kwanaki talatin. Danshi yakan taru akan jikin kwari. Jikin ku ba zai iya jure wa janyewar ku ba: an hana duk ayyuka masu mahimmanci.

A cewar Cebro, ya fi dacewa a fenti gidajen da fentin mai, wanda ba ya haifar da wani wuri mai haske. Ba a amfani da enamel! An fara bi da itacen da man linseed.