Acacia da amfaninta a matsayin shuka zuma –

Acacia a matsayin shuka zuma sananne ne ga masu kiwon zuma. Akwai nau’ikan nau’ikan wannan shuka a cikin dangin legume, waɗanda dukkansu kyawawan tushen pollen ne da nectar.

Itacen ba shi da ma’ana don kulawa, yana yaduwa da kyau ta tsaba ko seedlings, yayi girma da sauri kuma ya fara fure. Tsire-tsire masu shekaru sama da 8 zuwa 10, waɗanda ke fitar da ƙoƙon ƙwarƙwara gwargwadon yuwuwar, suna da matuƙar daraja ga apiaries.

Abun cikin labarin

• 1 Muhimmancin noma
  • 1.1 fari
  • 1.2 Amarillo
  • 1.3 Pink da purple
• 2 Agrotechnical
• 3 Yawan aikin zuma
• 4 Kaddarorin masu amfani

Muhimmancin noma

Ana amfani da shuka zumar acacia, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, don ƙarfafa gangara a kan tituna da a cikin filaye na sirri, da kuma yin aikin lambu a matsayin shuka na ado.

Manyan iri:

Acacia shine kyakkyawan shuka zuma, ba tare da la’akari da nau’in shuka da aka girma kusa da apiary ba.

fari

Farin acacia a matsayin shuka zuma ya saba da kowa ba tare da togiya ba. Ana samun bishiyar a wuraren shakatawa na birni, murabba’ai, bel na gandun daji, da kuma kan manyan hanyoyi.

Wannan nau’in ya fi girma a cikin ƙasa baƙar fata ko ƙasa mai yashi. Yana fure na kimanin kwanaki 8-10 a ƙarshen Mayu da farkon Yuni, yana fitar da ƙamshi na musamman da bayyananne.

Amarillo

Ana samun wannan nau’in ƙananan ƙanƙara, mai kama da bishiya ko dajiyar acacia sau da yawa a cikin yanayi a wuraren da ake da itace – steppe, steppe, da daji. Filin shukar sa na wucin gadi yana aiki a matsayin shinge a wuraren shakatawa na birni.

Acacia rawaya a matsayin shuka zuma ya fi farin iri-iri na shuka, yayin da yake girma tsayi, har zuwa kwanaki 15-16.

Tsiron ba shi da cikakkiyar ma’ana: yana iya girma a kowace ƙasa, ban da ƙasa mai fadama. Yana jure wa tsawan fari da damina mai tsanani da kyau. Rukunin furanni na farko suna bayyana akan sa tun yana ɗan shekara uku. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 15, itacen ya kai tsayin mita 2,5-3 kuma duk kambinsa yana cike da inflorescences a cikin rabin na biyu na Mayu.

Itacen zuman acacia mai launin rawaya hanta ce mai tsayin gaske a tsakanin bishiyoyi, wacce zata iya girma da fure tsawon shekaru 100.

Pink da purple

Acacia mai launin ruwan hoda kuma ana kiranta Robinia ko nau’in New Mexico. Danginsa na kusa shine acacia mai laushi ko mai kaifi, wanda yake da manyan inflorescences na garnet.

Dukansu nau’ikan suna da matukar juriya ga kwari na amfanin gona na lambu: aphids suna guje musu. Saboda haka, ana dasa bishiyoyi a mafi yawan filayen birni.

Pink acacia zuma shuka, wanda blooms daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. Furen furanni suna bayyana sau 4-5 a kowace kakar tare da hutun mako biyu. Kudan zuma suna samun zuma mai yawa daga bishiya da kuma nau’in rawaya ko fari na shuka.

Agrotechnical

Ana kiwo Acacia bisa ga nau’insa:

Fari da rawaya za a iya dasa shi da iri a watan Afrilu. An riga an jiƙa iri a cikin ruwa har tsawon sa’o’i shida. Hakanan, ana iya yin shuka a lokacin rani, nan da nan bayan tarin iri na Yuli. A kan gangara, ana shuka acacia a cikin nests – tsaba da yawa a cikin rami ɗaya. Kuma sakamakon seedlings ana shuka su a wuri na dindindin bayan shekaru biyu.

Iri mai launin shuɗi (gashi bristly) da robinia ruwan hoda kar a sanya tsaba. Ana yin haifuwa ta hanyar dasa waɗannan nau’ikan akan farar acacia mai shekaru uku kafin furen farko ya yi fure a cikin bazara. Tsire-tsire suna da tushe sosai: inflorescences suna bayyana a cikin shekarar farko bayan grafting.

Ana girbe tsaba na Scion a shekara mai zuwa a cikin hunturu ko farkon bazara. Ana shuka su a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen Maris, suna karɓar ƙarni na biyu. Ana bi da iri da wuri da ruwan zafi sosai (har zuwa digiri 90). Seedlings suna bayyana da sauri, a cikin kwanaki 7-10. Bayan haka, ana iya dasa bishiyoyi a wuri na dindindin.

Yawan aikin zuma

Acacia itace tsire-tsire mai launin rawaya wanda ke ba da yawan pollen da yawan amfanin noma. Amma samar da nononsa ya dogara sosai kan yanayin yanayi.

A cikin rana da bushewar yanayi, samar da zuma ba zai yi kadan ba, kuma a ranakun giza-gizai bayan ruwan sama, kowane yanki na kudan zuma zai iya kawo kilo 5 na nectar.

Note: Bayan hazo, yawan sukari a cikin nectar yana raguwa kuma rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa digiri 15 yana ƙaruwa da sakinsa. Yanayin sanyi yana tsawaita furen shukar zuma da kwanaki 2-3. Bugu da ƙari, matsakaicin sakin nectar zai faru a ranar 5-6 na rayuwar kowane fure a cikin furanni.

Daga hecta ɗaya na farar ƙwayar zumar ƙaya, a sami kilo 500 zuwa 1 na zuma mai inganci! Amma babbar matsala a nan ita ce gajeren lokacin furanni.

Yankin kudan zuma ba su da lokacin samun ƙarfi, shi ya sa suke ba da gudummawar kilo 8 zuwa 10 na zuma kawai. Don ƙara wannan adadi zuwa 40-50 kg, mai kula da kudan zuma zai buƙaci yin haka:

• samar da lokacin hunturu na titi don jirgin farko na farko;
• sarrafa makamashin da aka saita a cikin kowane mashigai;
• daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar watan Mayu, a shimfiɗa tsohuwar mahaifa, a raba firam ɗin saƙar zuma guda uku (ɗayan wanda shine tsintsiya);
• Haɗa gidajen sarauniya marasa sarauniya, ƙara yawan mazaunan kudan zuma don tattara ƙwar ƙwarya.

Ana amfani da capes a nan gaba don cin hancin sunflower. A lokacin, za su ci gaba da kyau kuma za su sami ƙarfi.

Ana samun zuma mafi kyau daga nau’in farin irin shuka.… Yana crystallizes sannu a hankali, yana riƙe da gabatarwar ruwa na dogon lokaci, yana da launin rawaya mai haske, ƙanshi mai daɗi da kuma nuna gaskiya. Bayan crystallization, yana samun tsari mai kyau, rasa gaskiya da samun farin launi.

Ana yaba irin wannan nau’in zuma a kasuwa don kyakkyawan dandano da kayan magani.

Kaddarorin masu amfani

Acacia zuma:

• yana inganta tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin jiki saboda babban abun ciki na ‘ya’yan itace acid;
• yana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi, kamar yadda ya haɗa da dukkanin bitamin na rukunin B, folic da ascorbic acid, phosphorus, jan karfe, potassium, magnesium, iron, fluorine;
• yana da tasiri mai amfani akan narkewa;
• ba ya ƙunshi sukari mai yawa, amma a lokaci guda yana da wadata a fructose da glucose;
• daya kawai daga kowane nau’in zuma yana da abubuwan hypoallergenic;
• dace da yara da abinci abinci;
• yadu amfani da dafa abinci da kuma cosmetology.

Ajiye a cikin rufaffiyar akwati a cikin ɗaki mai duhu a zafin jiki. Kamar kowace irin zuma, ba a so a dumama ta ko a ci da shayi. Adadin yau da kullun ga manya shine cokali 2-3. Ana ba wa yara zumar ƙirya a cikin cokali ɗaya, bayan sun yi gwajin haƙuri a cikin ɗan ƙaramin adadin a ƙarshen cokali.