Don cikakkiyar kulawar kudan zuma, kowane mai kiwon kudan zuma dole ne ya kasance da makamai da na’urori da kayan aiki na musamman. Wani abu da ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ba a cikin apiary shine mai shan taba kudan zuma, wanda babban manufarsa shine kwantar da ƙudan zuma. ƙwararrun masu kiwon zuma suna amfani da wannan kayan aikin don ba da magunguna ga hive. Hakanan ana amfani da mai shan taba a cikin yanayi mai iska kuma yana taimaka wa mai kiwon kudan zuma ya shawo kan kudan zuma, idan bukatar hakan ta taso.
Tasirin hayaki akan ƙudan zuma
Hayakin yana shafar halayen ƙudan zuma kuma yana sa su kwantar da hankula kuma su kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali. Yin feshin hive wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci don zubar da zuma, kuma ana iya amfani da wannan hanyar ba kawai ta masu kiwon zuma ba, har ma da waɗanda suka san yadda ake yin zuma.
Lokacin da lokacin cin hanci ya zo, kuma kuna buƙatar bincika hive, ba lallai ba ne ku ɗauki mai shan taba tare da ku, kamar yadda ƙudan zuma ba sa kai hari kuma suna nuna nutsuwa. Lokacin da mai kiwon kudan zuma ya gabatar da hayaƙi a cikin hita, ƙudan zuma suna jin ƙamshinsa, suna ƙoƙarin cika goitar da digon zuma ɗaya kuma hakan yana haifar da ƙudan zuma don rage tashin hankali.
Estructura
Kayan aikin kwantar da kudan zuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa:
- Silinda na ƙarfe wanda ya ƙunshi yadudduka biyu;
- Na’urar don ba da rafi na hayaki zuwa ɗakin konewa;
- Hulu tare da spout, wanda ake kira “proboscis.”
Kowane ɗayan waɗannan abubuwan yana yin takamaiman aiki: Silinda na ƙarfe yana haifar da hayaki, yana da rufaffiyar ƙasa da murfi wanda ke ninka baya kuma yana da proboscis. Ƙwararren mai tsayi yana taimakawa wajen rarraba hayaki har ma a cikin mafi wuyar isa ga wuraren. Tare da taimakon net ɗin da aka shigar a ƙasan silinda, cikawar ba ta haɗuwa da hayaki. Idan mai kula da kudan zuma yana buƙatar allurar kwayoyi a cikin hive, to ya zama dole a ɗauki mai shan taba tare da bakin bakin mai elongated.
Tarihin ƙirƙira
A karon farko, mai shan taba ya bayyana a cikin tsohuwar Misira, amma yana da tsari daban-daban, daban-daban da kayan aikin zamani. Tocila, wanda aka ƙera don tsoratar da ƙudan zuma da samun zuma mai kima, yana aiki azaman rami mai hayaƙi. Bayan haka, an ƙirƙira wata na’urar da aka yi da yumbu, wacce ke ba da hayaki, kuma tana da ƙaramin rami da babba.
Zane ya kasance mai sauqi qwarai kuma don isar da iska, mai kiwon kudan zuma ya busa ta cikin rami kuma ya watsa hayaki a cikin hita. A cikin 1870s, wani Ba’amurke mai kiwon kudan zuma ya ƙirƙira kayan aikin bellows, amma ƙirar tana da nauyi kuma hayaƙin yana da wuyar amfani. Daga baya, masanin kimiyyar Quinby ya inganta kayan aikin ta hanyar kafa tursasawa.
A halin yanzu, bayyanar mai shan taba kudan zuma ya canza, amma ka’idar aiki ta kasance iri ɗaya.
Nau’in masu shan taba
A yau akwai nau’ikan masu shan sigari kuma kowanne daga cikin irin wadannan nau’ikan yana da fa’ida da rashin amfani wanda ya kamata mai aikin kiwon zuma ya sani.
Apiary gama gari
Don yin aiki tare da ƙudan zuma da fumigate da hive, masu kiwon kudan zuma suna amfani da mafi sauƙi mai shan taba, wanda shine ginin da aka yi da hannu don yin aiki tare da ƙudan zuma. Saboda gaskiyar cewa an ba da jet ɗin iska da hannu kuma kayan aiki yana da wahala don amfani idan apiary yana da girma.
Hanya
Tsarin mai shan taba Ruth bai bambanta da na yau da kullun ba, ana amfani dashi a Amurka, ƙasashen Turai. Wannan na’urar ta fi sauƙi kuma tana ba da damar fesa manyan amya.
Volcano
Smoker Vulcan ya bambanta da sauran saboda ƙirarsa ta ƙunshi wani abu kamar mai kula da samar da hayaki, wanda ke rarraba adadin hayakin da ake buƙata kai tsaye ga kudan zuma.
Mai shan taba lantarki
Wani fasali na musamman na mai shan taba lantarki shine fan da aka shigar a cikin firam, wanda aka tsara don samar da iska. Ana amfani da resistor don daidaita adadin juyi kuma ƙirar tana da ƙarfin baturi.
Wannan nau’in ya bambanta da sauran saboda ana amfani da babban firam don amfani da man fetur, firam ɗin kuma yana da ɗakin konewa da buɗewa don tarin toka. A cikin ɓangaren sama na na’urar kuma akwai rami na musamman don cika mai, kuma bututun ƙarfe yana aiki azaman rarraba hayaki a wuraren da ya dace.
Yadda za a yi haske da abin da za a cika.
Don fara amfani da mai shan taba, kuna buƙatar cire haɗin tsarin da aka tattara ash, sannan kunna wuta a ƙasan ɗakin konewa. A wannan mataki, tambaya ta taso game da yadda za a kunna mai shan taba, kuma za a iya amfani da takarda da ashana don haskakawa, kuma da zarar hayaƙin ya fara yadawa, dole ne a cika akwati kuma a rufe shi da murfi.
Bayan duk magudi da aka gudanar, kana buƙatar shigar da man fetur a cikin mai tara ash, yin wuta tare da matches, kunna fan a cikin ƙananan gudu.
Abin da za a saka a cikin mai shan taba kudan zuma
Masu kiwon zuma sun san cewa hayaki mai kauri kawai yana da tasiri mai tasiri da kwantar da hankali ga ƙudan zuma, don haka ana amfani da man fetur don irin waɗannan dalilai, wanda aka sanya a cikin mai shan taba. Ana iya samun kayan shan taba da man fetur a cikin kantin na musamman.
Mai shan taba ya sake cika
Mafi yawan sake cikawa ga masu shan taba:
- Jarida;
- Kwai-kwai;
- Ciyawa ta bushe;
- Truffle naman kaza;
- Pine cones da allura;
- Bawon bishiya;
- Aski;
- Busassun ganye;
- Gilashin katako;
- Burlap masana’anta.
Masu kiwon kudan zuma sun san cewa makamashin halitta yana ƙonewa sosai kuma yana wadatar hayaƙi.
Yadda ake kunna sigar lantarki
Don kunna sigar lantarki, bi waɗannan matakan:
- Cire mai kamun toka.
- Hana wuta a cikin ɗakin konewa tare da ashana da kayan kunnawa.
- Da zarar hayakin ya shiga, cika kwandon lodi kuma rufe murfin da kyau.
- Sanya kayan filler a cikin kwandon ash kuma kunna wuta.
- Kunna fanka a ƙananan gudu kuma fara fesa hive.
Ta bin waɗannan shawarwarin, zaku iya koyon yadda ake kunna mai shan taba.
Ta yaya yake aiki?
Mai shan taba siliki ne da aka yi da ƙarfe kuma an ɗora shi da abubuwa daban-daban: haushin bishiya, busassun ganye, jarida. Bayan harbe-harbe, kayan suna hayaƙi kuma hayaki yana fitowa a cikin hayaƙin. Idan an yi amfani da kayan konawa mai kyau, za a iya fitar da hive na tsawon sa’o’i 5.
Yadda ake amfani da shi: Don kunna wuta ta hanyar hayaki, kuna buƙatar tara busassun ganye, rassan, da takarda. Da zarar zafi ya yi yawa, ƙara ruɓe kuma rufe murfin don haka hayaƙin ya fara yadawa.
Yadda ake amfani da shi daidai
Kowane nau’in masu shan taba yana da halaye da hanyoyin amfani: mai shan taba na yau da kullun yana buƙatar kunna wuta da ɗayan, danna maɓallin. Da zarar wuta ta yi ƙarfi kuma hayaƙin ya fara yaɗuwa, to kuna buƙatar ɗaukar shi da hannun dama kuma ku karkatar da rafin hayaƙi zuwa ga ƙudan zuma. Domin kada ya cutar da kwari, ya zama dole a kiyaye “proboscis” mai shan taba daga ƙudan zuma kuma kawai ya fumigate saman hive tare da hayaki.
Kariya don aiki
Lokacin aiki tare da mai shan taba, dole ne ku bi dokoki don kada ku cutar da kwari da muhalli. Dole ne ku bi dokoki masu zuwa:
- Gina ƙaramin wuta don guje wa wuta.
- Ka kiyaye hayaƙi daga ƙudan zuma.
- Bari mai shan taba ya huce bayan aiki.
- Ƙara mai a hankali.
Wadannan matakan za su taimaka wajen kauce wa sakamakon da ba a so da kuma yin aiki a cikin apiary mai tasiri.
Shan taba da hannuwanku
Masu kiwon kudan zuma suna da tambaya game da yadda za a yi mai shan taba da hannayensu da kuma a gida, amsar ita ce mai sauƙi: makamai da kayan aiki da kayan da ake bukata kuma bi umarnin don yin shan taba.
Kayan aiki
Don ƙirƙirar mai shan taba DIY don kwantar da ƙudan zuma, ɗauki kayan aiki masu zuwa:
- Anvil da guduma;
- Kusoshi don jiragen ruwa;
- Tweezers;
- Screws masu ɗaukar kai;
- Wuka;
- Primavera
- Perforator tare da drills;
- Taimakon cylindrical;
- Wani yanki na fata;
- Gilashin jan karfe;
- Haɗawa;
- Bolts tare da kwayoyi;
- Tsawon tsauni.
- katako na katako, girman girmansa shine 9x15x0.5 cm;
- Kayan yana da yawa;
- Tin can.
Abubuwan da aka ƙayyade da kayan aiki zasu taimaka ƙirƙirar mai shan taba don yin aiki a cikin apiary.
Tsarin ƙira
Ana iya ƙirƙirar fumigator kudan zuma ta hanyar waɗannan matakan:
- Ɗauki takardar ƙarfe kuma yi amfani da hacksaw don yankewa da zurfafawa, huda ramuka, da haɗuwa da kabu. Bayan an shirya spout, kuna buƙatar haɗa shirye-shiryen bidiyo zuwa hula tare da shirye-shiryen bidiyo.
- Firam ɗin Jawo an yi shi da allunan, a cikin ɗayan su kuna buƙatar yin rami na kusan 1,5 cm a diamita, saita baya 5 cm, sannan kawai kuyi rami. Don ƙirƙirar bawul ɗin da ke ba da damar iska ta shiga, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar wani yanki na fata kuma ku ƙusa shi a kan jirgi. Ɗauki allo na biyu, komawa baya 3,8 cm kuma yi rami mai diamita na 1,2. Ana saka bututun ƙarfe a cikin ramin da aka shirya.
- Tsarin yin bazara ya ƙunshi ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin ruwa, a raba shi da yanke shi da yawa, a dumama shi da abin wuta, ta haka ne a sassauta jujjuyawar tare da daidaita su. A cikin allunan katako da aka gama, yi ramuka biyu don maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a ƙarshen daban-daban. Ɗauki wani abu mai yawa, yanke wani yanki mai faɗi 10 cm da tsayi 50, ƙaddamar da gefuna (3,5 cm) tare da wuka, haɗa firam ɗin tare da rivets na kayan aiki. Bayan matakan da ke sama, shigar da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin ramuka.
- Kwanta Jawo a cikin fumigator: Ɗauki nau’i na karfe, 2 cm fadi, sa’an nan kuma gyara su zuwa waje na Jawo da fumigator. Nisa tsakanin jiki da ƙwanƙwasa dole ne ya zama aƙalla 3,8 cm kuma madaidaicin mai fesa dole ne ya zama 1,2. Ya kamata a lura cewa nisa daga kasa ya kamata ya zama akalla 6,3.
Nasiha daga gogaggun masu kiwon zuma
Kwararrun masu kiwon zuma suna raba asirin da ke taimakawa a cikin aikin apiary:
- Yawan hayakin da ke fitarwa ya dogara ne da hali da tsaurin kudan zuma.
- Hikimar tana buƙatar fumigated ne kawai idan ƙudan zuma suna nuna rashin ƙarfi.
- Mai shan taba kada ya yi zafi sosai kuma kada a taɓa firam ɗin.
- Fitar da hayakin a hankali don kada ya fusata kudan zuma.
Yin aiki a cikin apiary aiki ne mai yawa, kuma mai shan taba zai taimaka wa mai kiwon kudan zuma ya sa aikin ya kasance mai daɗi da inganci.
