“A Hairy Bumblebee with Scented Hops…” soyayya ce da ta danganci wakokin Kipling a cikin wani shahararren wasan kwaikwayo da muka ji. Saboda kyawun hoton da kyawun hoton, da wuya mu yi tunani game da dalilin da yasa bumblebees ke zama a kan furannin furanni. Abu ne mai sauƙi: waɗannan kwari masu tashi masu haske ba kawai suna sha nectar don abinci ba, suna kuma samar da zuma. zumar bumblebee daya ce daga cikin nau’ikan da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, domin kwari ne ke samar da ita da kadan kadan kuma adadin masu kiwon kudan zuma kadan ne ke sadaukar da kai don kiwon kudan zuma da fitar da samfurin.
Daga ina zuma take fitowa?
Ana tattara zuma ta hanyar bumblebees. A cikin daji, akwai nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan iri uku na waɗannan kwari masu amfani. Bumblebees ƙudan zuma iri ɗaya ne, kawai daji da tsoho. Saboda halayen ilimin halitta na kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na jiki, sun kasance na kowa har ma a yankunan arewa.
Wani amfani na kwari shine elongated proboscis, godiya ga abin da mai gashi workaholic ya shiga cikin mafi yawan “rashin jin dadi” flower corolla, abin da ake kira asu. Alal misali, kudan zuma ba ya samuwa ga kudan zuma na clover, amma bumblebee yana sha da jin dadi. A cikin irin waɗannan furanni, yana da ruwa sosai, ya fi kama da syrup mai dadi, kuma ana ɗaukar waɗannan tsire-tsire mafi tsufa a duniya, wato, suna tara ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta dubban shekaru.
Kudan zuma, kamar kudan zuma, suna ɗaukar nectar a ƙafafunsu da cikin ciki, sannan su tsoma shi cikin zuma, waɗanda ake amfani da su don ciyar da tsutsa da kuma kula da ingancin bombidarium, gidan bumblebees. Abin takaici, waɗannan halittu masu kyau da taimako suna rayuwa na ɗan gajeren lokaci (kawai lokacin dumi), a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Matan da aka haifa kawai sun rage don hunturu, sauran dangin sun mutu. Matan suna kutsawa cikin ƙasa kuma suna faɗuwa cikin raye-rayen da aka dakatar don zurfafa zuriya a farkon bazara kuma su tayar da rayuwar ƙwanƙwasa. Don haka, iyali ba sa buƙatar nectar mai yawa kamar ƙudan zuma, ko da yake bumblebee mai aiki na iya yin pollinate sau biyu na tsire-tsire a minti daya kamar kudan zuma.
Matriarchy yana sarauta a cikin dangin bumblebee. Duk rayuwa tana biyayya ga mahaifa, yana mamaye gida kuma yana kula da tsutsa. Jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu suna gina saƙar zuma, ƙwanƙwasa masu aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba suna kawo nectar da pollen gida a kowane yanayi.
Menene bambanci da kudan zuma?
Dangane da tsarin sinadarai da bayyanar, zuma bumblebee ta bambanta da zuma. Ba tare da jinkiri ba, ana iya kiransa na musamman, saboda ana fitar da nectar bumblebee daga duk tsire-tsire masu fure. Ya ƙunshi sunadarai, ma’adanai (tagulla, cobalt, zinc), sitaci, ruwa, da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Babban bambance-bambancen kudan zuma:
- ruwa;
- ba dadi
- dadi;
- kek,
- polychrome;
- archetypal;
- sauki ferment.
Daidaitaccen ruwa na samfurin shine saboda gaskiyar cewa bumblebee yana samar da nectar mai kyau.
Ƙanshin daɗinsa yana fitowa daga abun ciki na ruwa fiye da takwarorin kudan zuma.
Ana samun nau’ikan dandano iri-iri daga ɗaukar nau’ikan tsire-tsire masu furanni ta hanyar mata masu aiki. Don wannan dalili, ba zai yiwu a faɗi da tabbacin wane launi ya fi girma ba.
Yana da astringent saboda ya ƙunshi babban adadin pollen. Bumblebee baya “datti” tare da fermentation, ajiyar dogon lokaci ba su da amfani, don haka yana ba da mafi sauƙi samfurin a cikin “na farko” nau’i. Hakanan ana danganta wannan ingancin tare da aikin fermenting da sauri (ya kamata a adana shi a zafin jiki wanda bai fi sama da digiri 8 ba).
Menene fa’idodi da contraindications?
Bumblebee zuma samfur ce ta asalin halitta ta daji. Dangane da kaddarorin masu amfani da magani, bai bambanta da kayan kiwon zuma ba. Sunadaran da ma’adanai da ke cikin su sun ninka na zumar gida sau biyu. 100 grams ya ƙunshi 324 kcal.
A cikin magani, ana amfani da zuma bumblebee cikin nasara a cikin jiyya da rigakafin:
- cututtuka na tsarin numfashi, ciki har da bronchi da huhu;
- cututtuka na tsarin narkewa da tsarin gastrointestinal, ciki har da hanta da pancreas;
- cututtuka na genitourinary da tsarin haihuwa.
A cewar likitoci da masana abinci mai gina jiki, shan cokali daya na zuma kullum a cikin komai a ciki yana hana mutuwar kwayoyin halittar kwakwalwa, yana taimakawa wajen hana thrombophlebitis da canjin atherosclerotic, yana warkar da ciwon ciki da na hanji, yana cika bukatun jiki na bitamin A, BB, C. da E. Yana rage ci kuma, tare da shi, ya saturates jiki tare da carbohydrates.
Kamar kowane zuma, bumblebee yana da contraindications. Ya kamata a yi amfani da shi tare da taka tsantsan idan akwai rashin lafiyan halayen, ciwon sukari mellitus, kiba.
Yadda za a samu, inda za a saya kuma nawa ne kudin?
Ana ɗaukar zumar da bumblebees ke samarwa a matsayin m. Yana da wuya a same shi a kasuwa mai kyauta. Rearing apiaries na bumblebee ba sana’a ce mai riba ba: bumblebees ba sa rayuwa mai tsawo, suna ba da zuma kaɗan, kodayake sun fi ƙudan zuma wahala sosai. Masu kiwon kudan zuma da ba kasafai ba ne kawai suke yin gwajin gwaji. Koyaya, ana iya siyan zumar bumblebee a kasuwanni na musamman, wuraren bukin zuma, da kantunan kan layi.
Lokacin siyan samfur, tabbatar da ingancinsa. zumar bumblebee tana da tsada sosai (farashin ya kai dubunnan rubles a kowace kilogiram) kuma masu siyar da rashin gaskiya suna son yin jabu.
Hakanan zaka iya samun shi da kanka idan kana da makamai da ƙwarewa da ilimi na musamman. A cikin namun daji, bumblebees suna zaune a cikin ciyawa, ƙasa, gine-ginen da aka watsar, ramukan bishiyoyi. Bayan samun gida, za ku iya jin daɗin zaƙi na allahntaka. Ana fitar da zuma tare da pipette na al’ada.
Me ya sa za a kare bumblebees?
Bumblebee ne mai mahimmanci da alhakin pollinator shuka. Kasancewa polytrophic, kwari yana pollinates duk tsire-tsire a jere. Masana ilimin halitta sun lura da ban mamaki iyawa na tunani na bumblebees. Ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje da bincike da yawa, sun gano cewa ƙudan zuma, kamar ƙudan zuma, na iya ba da gogewa ga tsararraki masu zuwa, wanda ke da ban mamaki a tsakanin kwari. Masana muhalli a duniya sun damu da raguwar yawan kwari masu hankali da kwanciyar hankali da suka tsira daga zamanin kankara. Bumblebees za su bace, ba kawai zumar bumblebee za ta bace ba, amma za a yi lalacewar da ba za a iya gyarawa ba ga dukkan yanayi.
