Don samun girbi mai kyau, dasa cucumbers a cikin 2019 dole ne a bi duk ka’idoji. Lokacin zabar kwanan wata, kuna buƙatar la’akari da yanayin yanayi da kwanakin da suka dace bisa ga kalandar wata. Ta bin shawarwarin, zaku iya samun sakamako mai ban sha’awa.
Dokokin dasa cucumbers a 2019
Kwanakin shuka
Ingancin cucumbers, adadin bitamin da abubuwan ganowa a cikin su sun dogara kai tsaye t akan aikin dasa shuki, sabili da haka, wajibi ne don shuka, zaɓi ranar da ta dace bisa ga kalandar Lunar ko kuma dogara da yanayin yankin ku.
Zaɓin iri-iri yana taka muhimmiyar rawa (kowane nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) lokacin shuka iri don girma seedlings da dasa ƙasa a waje).
Ana shuka cucumbers yawanci daga tsakiyar watan Mayu zuwa tsakiyar Yuni, zafin iska bai kamata ya kasance ƙasa da 18 ° C (ƙasar ta riga ta yi zafi sosai). Kwanan wata na iya bambanta dangane da yankin da za a shuka cucumbers.
Idan kuna shirin shuka a cikin greenhouse, zaku iya yin shi daga tsakiyar Afrilu. Ana dasa tsire-tsire a cikin tsire-tsire kwanaki 30 kafin lokacin da ya kamata a canza su zuwa filin bude.
Bisa kalandar wata
Tauraron dare yana rinjayar duk hanyoyin da ke faruwa a duniya. Girma da ci gaban dukkan al’adu sun dogara ne akan ayyukan wani lokaci na wata. A cikin aikin lambu, yana da al’ada don amfani da kalandar wata, za ku iya ganin ranar da za ta dace da shuka ko girbi.
Duk amfanin gona da ke girma a ƙasa (dankali, Urushalima artichoke, beets, karas) dole ne a dasa su akan wata yana raguwa. . Kayan lambu, wanda ci gaban da ke faruwa a saman, akasin haka, a lokacin wata mai girma. Mummunan lokaci ga kowane magudi a cikin lambun shine cikakken wata.
Yana ɗaukar kwanaki 22 zuwa 28 don samar da seedlings (dangane da iri-iri). Ya kamata a shuka shi a cikin Maris (don dasa shuki a cikin greenhouses) ko a watan Afrilu (don lambun).
Ana aika tsaba zuwa ƙasa bisa ga kwanakin da suka dace bisa ga kalandar wata:
- Afrilu Kwanaki masu kyau: 6-9, 11-13, 20-26, 29-30. Wannan watan har yanzu yana da sanyi, wanda ba ya ba da izinin canja wurin shuka zuwa buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ko da bisa kalandar wata.
- Mayu 2019. Dasawa zuwa greenhouses: 3-10, 20-22, 28, 31. Bisa ga kalandar Lunar, watan zai fi dacewa da dasa cucumbers,
- a watan Yuni (5, 6, 13, 15 days) marigayi kokwamba iri za a iya dasa a cikin ƙasa.
A cikin 2019, kada a shuka cucumbers a Afrilu 5, 19, Mayu 5, 19 da Yuni 3, 4 da 17. Dasa shuki a cikin waɗannan kwanaki mara kyau an haramta shi sosai idan ba ku son ɓata kuzarinku.
Ya danganta da yankin
Cucumbers sune kayan lambu masu son zafi, kamar rana, zafi mai matsakaici, don haka zaɓin yankin yana da mahimmanci.
Yankunan kudancin (Kursk, Lipetsk, Krasnodar) sun dace da amfanin gona na kokwamba, musamman farkon ripening: Zozulya F1, Björn F1. Lokacin hunturu yana da dumi kuma yana da zafi, don haka farkon Maris shine lokacin shuka, kuma a ƙarshen watan ko farkon Afrilu, ana aika seedlings zuwa greenhouses.
Ana rarraba girbin daga waɗannan wurare don siyarwa a duk faɗin ƙasar a cikin watan Yuni.
A tsakiyar layi (Moscow, Bryansk, Oryol da Nizhny Novgorod yankuna), lokacin daga Maris 10 ya dace da shuka tsaba don seedlings. A cikin rabin na biyu na Afrilu, ana dasa al’adun a cikin bude ƙasa. A watan Yuli, zaka iya girbi. A wannan watan, manyan nau’ikan cucumbers suna ba da ‘ya’yan itace: Jamus F1, Kurazh F1, Murashka.
Urals sun fi dacewa da tsire-tsire saboda yanayin. A nan lokacin rani ya fi guntu kuma cucumbers ba su da lokacin yin girma. An zabi Mayu don shuka (a tsakiyar wata, la’akari da yawan zafin jiki), kuma ana yin shuka a watan Yuni (a cikin rabi na biyu). Lokacin Cucumber yana faɗuwa a watan Agusta.
Lokutan saukarwa sun dogara ne akan yanayin yanayi a yankuna
Iri-iri masu dacewa da wannan yanki (barewa kawai a ƙarshen Yuli ko farkon Agusta): garland Siberian, mercury, giant.
Duk inda aka shuka cucumbers, dole ne a ɗauki shirye-shiryen iri da mahimmanci. An riga an sarrafa sayayya tare da shirye-shirye na musamman kuma suna shirye don amfani. Za a iya nannade su a cikin danshi na rabin yini don kumbura sannan a yi amfani da su.
Idan tsaba suna a gida, yana da kyau a zaɓi waɗanda ke da shekaru 2-3 (dukansu masu shekaru ɗaya suna cikin sauƙin rikicewa tare da dummies), suna riƙe germination har zuwa shekaru 8. Ana zuba su da ruwa mai dumi na tsawon sa’o’i 2-3, sannan a nannade su a cikin wani danshi mai laushi na tsawon kwanaki 3, lokacin da tsaba za su ƙyanƙyashe.
Fasahar shuka
Don girma cucumbers masu inganci, wajibi ne a kula da wasu matakai na shuka:
- Muna shirya ƙasa: 2 sassa na peat da ruɓaɓɓen humus da sawdust,
- muna rarraba shi a tsakanin kwantena ko tukwane na musamman na peat, wanda za’a iya dasa shi a cikin greenhouses kai tsaye tare da shuka (wannan ya dace, saboda tushen tsarin amfanin gona ba shi da haɓaka sosai, yana da sauƙi a lalata shi a lokacin dasawa).
- ƙasa ya kamata ya zama m. Zurfin rami don tsaba shine 2-2.5 cm;
- yana haifar da tasirin greenhouse: an rufe kwantena da fim kuma ana kawo zafin jiki zuwa 20-24 ° C har sai sun fito.
- sa’an nan kuma harbe ya buɗe, rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 18 ° C, idan ya cancanta, aiwatar da ruwa mai matsakaici. Idan ya yi zafi sosai, daji zai miƙe, ya ɗauki siffar da ba ta dace ba kuma ya fara ciwo.
- Makonni 2 bayan fitowar, lokacin da aka samar da cikakkun zanen gado 2, ana yin suturar farko ta farko. Daga cikin shirye-shiryen da aka saya, superphosphate ko ‘Master’ suna da kyau. Tufafin halitta – maganin taki (rabo na 1: 6), jiko na ganye, ɗigon kaza wanda aka diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:18,
- a ranakun rana, yana da kyau a cire harbe a cikin inuwa, guje wa haskoki kai tsaye na cucumbers, amma idan babu isasshen hasken halitta a cikin dakin, kuna buƙatar amfani da phytolamps na musamman (10-12 hours a rana).
Lokacin saukowa a filin budewa
Ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa a watan Mayu (10-18) don tattara girbi mai yawa a cikin Yuli. Waɗannan kwanakin sun dace da nau’in tsakiyar kakar. Kwanaki masu dacewa don dasa shuki iri-iri na cucumbers a cikin 2019: ƙarshen Mayu zuwa farkon Yuni. Kada mu manta game da yanayin. A lokacin sanyi na dare, an rufe tsire-tsire da agrofiber ko burlap da dare, kuma an cire fim ɗin da safe.
Idan aka ba da yanayi, kalandar wata da yanayin da ke yankin, dole ne mai lambu ya zaɓi mafi kyawun ranar da za a dasa shuka a cikin lambun.
Kwanaki masu kyau don dasa shuki a cikin buɗe ƙasa:
- a watan Maris – 7, 11-12, 17-18, 21 da 24,
- a watan Mayu – 8-9, 14-18.
Maris 5-8, Maris 9, 14-16 da 19, Mayu 10-12, 19-20 ba za su yi kyau ba.
Halayen dasawa
Ka’idoji na yau da kullun waɗanda masu lambu ke bi yayin da ake dasa cucumbers:
- zafin jiki na waje bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 18 ° C ba, in ba haka ba saitin bakin ciki da rauni za su bushe ko bushewa,
- dole ne a takin wurin dasa – ƙara kwayoyin halitta ko ma’adanai,
- Ya kamata a guje wa kwari da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa: yi amfani da maganin potassium permanganate ko yayyafa ƙasa tare da alli grated a cikin adadin 100 g na abu a kowace 1 m (Motor-S kuma ana ɗaukarsa tasiri X ‘),
- Za a iya girma al’ada duka biyu a kwance da kuma a tsaye (daura da trellises) ta hanya ɗaya, don haka kuna buƙatar zaɓar shi dangane da girman gadaje a gonar,
- zaɓi wurin waje na rana, wanda yake nesa da bishiyoyin ‘ya’yan itace da manyan bishiyoyi,
- ana dasa tsire-tsire a cikin rami mai girman tushen (ba za ku iya sanya shi kunkuntar don kada ya lalata shi ba),
- Nisa tsakanin bushes ya kamata ya zama 30-40 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka – har zuwa 50 cm;
- lokaci-lokaci na bakin ciki ganyen bushes, h don ba da damar samun haske ga ovaries da ‘ya’yan itatuwa: idan hanyar ta kasance a tsaye, gwada girma da tushe na tsakiya, cire 4-8 cm tsayi tsayi (har ma da ƙarin ovaries), yayin da suke. dole ne a yanke ko a tsage, amma ba a yanke ba.
- ciyar aƙalla abinci 2: lokacin fure da samuwar ‘ya’yan itace,
- Ana yin rigakafin cututtuka da kwari tare da taimakon Oksikhom da shirye-shiryen Fundazol, yayyafa da ruwan gishiri (1 tablespoon da lita 2 na ruwa) ko diluted madara mai tsami,
- akai-akai duba yanayin bushes, idan shuka ya fara bushewa, ya kamu da naman gwari – ya kamata a cire shi nan da nan daga gonar tare da tushen don kare lafiyar cucumbers.
