Halayen Lukhovitsky cucumbers –

Lukhovitsy cucumbers cikakken dangi ne na cucumbers wanda ya haɗa da iri da yawa. Duk kayan lambu sun bambanta da halayen su kuma suna buƙatar bin ka’idodin kulawa.

Halayen Lukhovitsy cucumbers

Amfanin

Tun daga shekarun 1930, ana shuka kayan lambu na farko a Lukhovitsy. Daga cikin fa’idodinsa, la’akari:

• babban dandano: ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da dadi (ba tare da alamar haushi ba), m, tare da ƙanshin kokwamba,
• Girman kayan lambu iri ɗaya – suna da daidaitaccen siffar cylindrical har zuwa 12 cm tsayi,
• ingantattun halaye na kasuwanci: m da ƙwanƙwasa ɓangaren litattafan almara ba tare da ɓoyayyiya ba, yuwuwar adanawa da sufuri na dogon lokaci,
• babban aiki,
• duniya na aikace-aikace: cucumbers sun dace duka don amfani da sabo da kuma shirye-shiryen adana kayan lambu, pickles,
• juriya ga cucurbits Levan da yawa.

A kasida iri da kuma hybrids na ga Lukhovitsky kungiyar na cucumbers ba ya zama canzawa. Masu lambu a yankin suna aiki tare da masu shayarwa, suna gabatar da sabbin nau’ikan cikin wurare dabam dabam.

Bayanin iri da hybrids

Kokwamba Lukhovitsky yana da asali daban-daban: tsakanin nau’ikan da aka noma da hybrids a matsayin gida, da kuma kiwo na Dutch. Tun daga 60s Irin Vyaznikovskiy da Muromskiy sun shahara a cikin karni na karshe, tun daga 1970s, nau’in Grace, shekarun da suka gabata sun fara noma Libella da Mirinda, a farkon sabon karni, Othello, kuma a cikin ‘yan shekarun nan hybrids Dutchmen. Solinas da Adam sun tafi gida.

Taƙaitaccen nau’ikan cucumbers na Lukhovitsky:

• Vyaznikovsky – tsire-tsire tare da gajeren gashin ido da daure, ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu banƙyama, 9-11 cm tsayi, tare da ƙananan tubers, iri-iri yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da yawa da matsanancin yanayin zafi, kulawa mai sauƙi shine na farko.
• Murom yana samar da gashin ido na matsakaicin tsayi (har zuwa 1.6 m), 10-14 cm greenhouses, ƙananan da tuberous, suna da dandano mai dadi na gargajiya tare da cikakkiyar rashin haushi, iri-iri ba su sha wahala daga bacteriosis da powdery mildew.
• Graceful yana da kwatankwacin kwatancen daji na Muromsky da girman ganyen kore, kawai siffar ‘ya’yan itacen ya bambanta: ellipsoidal ne, iri-iri yana da matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa (5-7 kg a kowace murabba’in murabba’in 1), mai jure wa tabo. zaitun.
• Libella da Mirinda sune nau’i-nau’i masu tsaka-tsaki tare da harbe na gefe da kuma adadi mai yawa na ovaries, wanda shine abin da ake bukata don yawan aiki, Zelentsy yana da nauyin nauyin 100 g, siffar cylindrical, ba fiye da 12 cm ba, rashin lafiya ga cututtuka na fungal.
• Adam F1 wani nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in Yaren mutanen Holland ne wanda yake da girma mai girma na inabi da nau’in furen mace, yawan amfanin ƙasa – 8-10 kg a kowace murabba’in mita. m, cucumbers ƙanana (11-12 cm), cylindrical, tuberous, tare da ƙaramin fure,
• Solinas F1 – dan kasar Holland mai girma mai girma tare da harbe-harbe masu girma da furanni masu girma, Miniature Zelentsy (ba fiye da 9 cm ba), tare da ƙananan tubers, Kamar matasan da suka gabata, suna da tsayayya ga powdery mildew, mosaic virus.

Ba duk nau’ikan amfanin gona ba ne suka cika buƙatun masu shuka kayan lambu na Lukhovitsy. Alal misali, kokwamba Lukhovitsky F1, a cewar masana agronomist, ba ya yadu sosai a yankin saboda ripening na gaba da kuma babban adadin gurɓataccen greenhouses.

Halayen girma

An riga an girbe cucumbers na farko a watan Mayu

Dangane da bayanin, ana gudanar da noman Lukhovitsky irin cucumbers bisa ga fasahar da ta haɓaka tsawon shekarun da suka gabata na cinikin kokwamba a yankin Moscow. Taron farko na greenhouses yana faruwa a tsakiyar watan Mayu, godiya ga greenhouses tare da rufi mai yawa.

Shuka

Ana shirya gadaje na kayan lambu da tsaba kokwamba daga fall: suna tono, takin ƙasa tare da taki da humus, sarrafa iri. Wani abin damuwa shine kawar da tarkacen shuka daga ƙasa wanda zai iya zama tushen cututtuka.

Ana shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Maris akan tubalin peat na gida, waɗanda aka shimfiɗa a cikin ƙaramin yanki a ƙarƙashin nau’ikan fim da yawa. A cikin yanayin sanyi, an rufe fim ɗin da jakunkunan zane a saman.

A cikin bude ƙasa, dashi a tsakiyar Afrilu. Ana shirya gadaje yawanci tare da nisa na 1 m. An rufe su da fim ɗin filastik tare da yanke kowane 40 cm. Seedlings ana sanya su a cikin wadannan ramukan, wanda samar da akalla daya real ganye.

Matasa tsire-tsire suna shayar da ruwa mai dumi kuma an rufe su da fim mai mahimmanci. a cikin arches 60-80 cm tsayi. A saman Layer na farko ya kwanta na biyu, yana hutawa a kan mita mita. Sakamakon ratar iska yana riƙe da zafin rana da danshi da kyau.

Cuidado

Ba lallai ba ne don shayar da makonni na farko bayan dasawa. Tare da farkon yanayin dumi, shayar da ruwa mai dumi da kwanciyar hankali. Ana yin shayarwa da dare, kada ruwan ya fada a kan farantin ganye. Tare da samuwar ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ƙarin zafi, don haka suna ciyar da karin ruwa mai zurfi.

Ana buɗe murfin fim a cikin rana don ba da iska a cikin greenhouse da kuma kawar da hayaki mai yawa.A cikin yanayin damina, lokacin da zafin jiki ya ragu, an bar dasa shuki a rufe ko budewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci, saboda babban zafi yana ba da damar yaduwar cututtukan fungi.

Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire takin ma’adinai masu rikitarwa tare da ƙari na kwayoyin halitta.

Lokacin girbi daga greenhouses yana haifar da samuwar ovaries, don haka kuna buƙatar tattara cucumbers kowace rana ko kowace rana. Idan kuna buƙatar ‘ya’yan itace a cikin matakin pickling (4-5 cm).

An tsara ka’idodin noman da aka bayyana daidai a cikin Lukhovitsy, amma ana iya shuka nau’ikan da ke sama a duk inda za ku iya ƙirƙirar yanayin da ake buƙata don amfanin gona. Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci:

• ƙasa mai laushi, sako-sako da ɗanɗano.
• yawan zafin jiki ba kasa da 15 ° C;
• kariya daga iska da haske mai kyau.

Gadaje masu dumi

Lukhovitsy cucumbers shine amfanin gona na thermophilic. Kuna iya samun girbi na farko, godiya ga tsarin gadaje masu rufi. Don yin wannan, an shirya taki (saniya ko doki): an haɗa su, yayyafa shi da ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da fim don kare shi daga daskarewa. A farkon bazara, an cire tsari, taki yana haɗuwa da ƙasa. Irin wannan ƙasa yana sassautawa kuma yana zafi da sauri saboda ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Don shirya gado mai zafi, an tsage tazarar har zuwa 40 cm, sannan a lissafta:

• sawdust tare da ƙari na urea (10-12 cm);
• taki, tare da ƙari na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire (ruɓaɓɓen ganye, ciyawa),
• ƙasa (20-25 cm).

Yin amfani da wannan fasaha, za ku iya shuka kayan lambu a cikin fili. Tare da saukowa da wuri, za a buƙaci matsuguni na ɗan lokaci. A tsakiyar Rasha, yankunan da ke da yanayin sanyi, kokwamba na Lukhovitsky ana girma a cikin greenhouses.

ƙarshe

Duk da cewa Lukhovitsky cucumbers na buƙatar kulawa ta musamman kuma suna bin ka’idodin shayarwa da suturar sama, ‘ya’yan itacen itacen ya fi biya don lokacin da aka kashe akan su a lokacin girma. Lukhovitsky cucumbers suna girma a yankuna daban-daban. Babban abu shine a shirya ƙasa da kyau don dasa tsaba kuma ku bi ka’idodin kulawa.