Hanyoyin da ba daidai ba na noman dankalin turawa suna karuwa da masu lambu na gida. Shuka dankali a cikin ganga bisa ga fasaha yana kama da hanyar dasa shuki a cikin jaka.
Ka’idar girma dankali a cikin ganga
Hanyar kiwo ganga an ƙirƙira ta kwatsam. Manomi ya jefa tuber a cikin ganga. Bayan wani lokaci, ‘ya’yan itacen sun yi girma, amma kuma an rufe shi da humus. Lokacin da lokacin girbi ya yi, an baje kolin wani babban daji mai kyau a cikin tudun takin. A sakamakon haka, ƙauyen ya karɓi kusan jaka na manyan tubers masu kyau. Bayan haka, noman dankali a cikin ganga ya fara samun shahara.
Amfanin hanyar
Shuka dankali a cikin ganga yana da fa’idodi da yawa fiye da daidaitaccen hanyar dasa shuki a cikin buɗe ƙasa. Da 1 sq. m Tare da kulawa ta al’ada da suturar lokaci, ɗauki jaka na tubers masu inganci. Fasahar tana guje wa matsalolin kwari da cututtuka daban-daban, har ma da mafi munin cuta, irin su ciwon baya, ba za su iya lalata tubers ba.
Babban amfani shine adana lokaci, tun da ba lallai ba ne don aiwatar da ƙarin weeding da tudu. Ana iya amfani da ƙasa sau da yawa a jere. Bayan girbi, ana kwance siderata kuma a gabatar da shi. A cikin kaka, ana takin ƙasa tare da mahadi. Ana iya dasa dankali a cikin ganga a kowane lokaci mai dacewa na shekara.
Dangane da duk ka’idoji, shuka yana haɓaka tsarin tushen ƙarfi, wanda ke ba da girbi mai yawa. Tuber dankalin da aka shuka a cikin ganga ya fi girma sau da yawa fiye da waɗanda ke cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri. Sun fara shuka dankali a cikin kwantena, suna cewa wannan ita ce hanya mafi arha kuma mafi arha.
Matakin shiri
Na farko, ɗauki kwandon da ya dace. Da farko, ana yin tururi don hana yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta. Bayan haka, ana yin isassun adadin ramukan magudanar ruwa a ƙasa don tabbatar da isasshen iska mai kyau. Da kyau, irin waɗannan ramukan kuma ana yin su a bangon gefen ganga. Wannan dabarar tana ba ku damar sarrafa ƙarancin iska na ƙasa da matakin danshi.
Don shuka dankali a cikin ganga a matakin shirye-shiryen, an ɗora bututun filastik tare da ramukan 20 cm daga juna a ƙasa. Ana fitar da ƙarshen bututun. Ta hanyarsa ne ake aiwatar da shayarwa da sutura. An shimfiɗa bututu tare da kasan tanki tare da karkace. Ana tura iskar oxygen zuwa cikin bututun ta amfani da famfo.
Yawancin lokaci
Shuka dankali a cikin ganga, da kuma a cikin jaka, ya haɗa da yin amfani da kayan abinci mai gina jiki daga ƙasa, tun lokacin da tubers ke girma a cikin wani wuri da aka rufe. Ƙasar Calcined daga gonar a cikin tanda – wannan zai kawar da cututtuka na fungal, kwari da girma manyan dankali.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa don girma dankali a cikin kwantena da jaka yana farawa a cikin fall. Ana ƙara ɗaya daga cikin takin mai zuwa ga ƙasa:
- urea,
- superphosphates,
- ammonium nitrate,
- cakuda potassium tare da toka.
Ƙasa mai yawan yashi yana buƙatar ƙarin taki tare da gari sulfate ko dolomite. In ba haka ba, amfanin gona yana fama da rashi na magnesium. Lokacin da aka kammala duk shirye-shiryen, ana sanya kwandon a wuri na musamman kuma ana zuba cakuda ƙasa a ciki. Don dasa dankali, takin da ƙasa mai albarka ana haɗe su daidai gwargwado.
Daidai wadata ƙasa tare da fluoride da calcium eggshell mafita. Don wannan, ana zubar da bawo 5 da ruwa kuma a bar su tsaya na kwanaki da yawa a wuri mai dumi. Lokacin da wari mai mahimmanci ya bayyana, maganin yana shirye don amfani. An diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1.
Wata hanyar taki da ake samu ita ce bawon dankalin turawa. Ana sanya su a kan jetty. Lokacin da fatun suka lalace, ƙasa tana wadatar da abubuwa masu micro da macro, da sitaci, bitamin da salts na ma’adinai. Ƙasar tana da zafi sosai, yana ba ku damar samun cikakken harbe da sauri. Abinda kawai mara kyau shine dole ne a yi amfani da su akai-akai fiye da sauran takin mai magani – ciyar da lokaci ɗaya ba zai yi tasiri ba.
Tubers
Kawai lafiya tubers
za su dace da shuka. An riga an riga an shirya kayan dasa shuki tare da tsarin sinadarai na kwari, kwari da fungi. Dole ne a riga an sami idanu akan kayan shuka, yana da kyau kada ku zama harbe mafi girma fiye da 5mm, in ba haka ba za su karya lokacin dasa.
Za’a iya haɓaka sassan saman ganye idan an sanya rassan bushe a ƙasan tubers ko ciyawa.Babban abu shine samar da tsire-tsire da isasshen ruwa a matakin farko. Mafi girman Layer na ƙasa, sau da yawa yana buƙatar shayar da shi.
Shuka
An zuba 20 cm na ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, an dasa dankali, ɗan mashed. Ana zuba kusan 10 cm na ƙasa akan tubers. Da zaran dankali a cikin ganga ko jaka ya ba da harbe 2-3 cm, dole ne a sake yayyafa su da ƙasa. Fasahar ita ce hana shuka daga samar da wani yanki mai ƙarfi na ƙasa, in ba haka ba yawan aiki zai ragu.
Ana zubar da ƙasa har sai Layer ta ya kai tsayin mita ɗaya. Idan kun sanya shi tsayi, shuka ba zai sami lokaci don haɓaka tubers masu inganci a ƙarshen kakar ba. A duk tsawon lokacin girma, ana shayar da shuka tare da isasshen ruwa. A cikin rufaffiyar sarari, ƙasa ta bushe da sauri. Girma dankali a cikin kwantena yana da sauƙi, babban abu shine kada a bar ƙasa ta bushe.
Cuidado
Fasahar noman dankali a cikin kwantena ko jaka ta ƙunshi amfani da takin ma’adinai a duk lokacin girma. A cikin keɓaɓɓen wuri, shukar tana ɗaukar duk abubuwan gina jiki da sauri daga ƙasa. Lokacin amfani da shuka:
- taki,
- ma’adinai takin mai magani,
- peat,
- siderate infusions.
Lokacin da harbe ya kai 10-12 cm tsayi, dole ne a ciyar da su tare da potassium da nitrogen. Ya fi dacewa don ciyar da shuka dankalin turawa a cikin ganga tare da ma’adanai na ruwa. Dajin yana ɗaukar kimanin lita 1-2. Lokacin da ake ciyar da urea, ƙasa tana oxidizes, don haka, ana amfani da garin dolomite tare da shi.
Ana ciyar da dankalin farko sau ɗaya, ana ciyar da nau’ikan da ba su daɗe ba sau 2. Dankali a cikin ganga da sauri ya sha abubuwan gina jiki, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da nitrogen da yawa ba. Yana o ƙarin tabbatar da tara a cikin tubers, juya zuwa cikin nitrates, wanda take kaiwa zuwa tabarbarewar ingancin Manuniya da muhimmanci rage shiryayye rayuwa. Ana amfani da abubuwan da ke ɗauke da Nitrogen tare da potassium.
Lokacin da lokacin fure ya ƙare, dankalin da ke cikin kwantena yana haɗe da wani abu mai ɗauke da phosphorus. Fasahar ciyarwa tana ba ku damar tura kayan abinci na ƙasa zuwa tushen.Wannan hanyar girma ba ta buƙatar ƙarin ciyawa da sarrafa sinadarai.
Kuna iya fahimtar cewa dankalin turawa yana shirye don girbi daga sama – yana canza launi daga kore zuwa rawaya kuma ya bushe. Don girbi, kawai kuna buƙatar jujjuya ganga.
Sauran hanyoyin
Akwai ƙarin hanyoyin girma iri ɗaya guda 2 waɗanda ke ba ku damar shuka amfanin gona mai albarka:
- a cikin ramin takin,
- a cikin jaka.
Ka’idar ciyar da su ita ce. A cikin jaka na ƙasa, ana yankewa inda aka dasa tubers. Bayan sanyi ya ƙare, an fitar da jakar tare da tsire-tsire zuwa titi. Babban abu shine tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta bushe ba.
Ana aiwatar da hanyar al’adun ramin a cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri. Tona rami mai zurfin zurfin mita 1. Bugu da ƙari, ka’idar dasa shuki da kulawa gaba ɗaya daidai yake da hanyar ganga. Ana dasa tubers tare da idanu a cikin bazara. An rufe harbe na farko da takin gauraye da ƙasa. Ana ci gaba da irin wannan magudin har sai an cika rijiyar gaba daya.
Shuka dankali a cikin akwati sabuwar fasaha ce. Yana da fa’idodi da yawa akan duk hanyoyin kuma yana da sauƙin yuwuwa a kowane yanki.
