Ana ɗaukar dankalin turawa ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kayan lambu a duniya. Ana amfani da shi a cikin nau’i mai soyayyen da soyayyen, a matsayin sashi a cikin jita-jita na farko da kuma kayan ado don nama da salads. Wannan tushen amfanin gona yana girma a kusan kowane lambun. Daga cikin nau’ikan da yawa, akwai abin da ake kira Paparoma Empress. Menene halayensa?
Bayanin Dankali Empress
Bayanin iri-iri
Iri Masu shayarwa na Rasha ne suka haifar da asalin dankalin turawa. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 70 zuwa 90, wanda ke nufin cewa iri-iri na na farko ne kuma ana iya girma a kowane yanki na yanayi na ƙasar. Ya dace da yanayin muhalli da kyau, yana ba da ‘ya’ya a kowace ƙasa. Daga cikin fa’idodi da yawa, yana da kyau a nuna juriya ga cututtuka irin su ciwon baya da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da girma – har zuwa tubers 10, yana yin la’akari 65-150 g na daji (300-400 kg da ɗari). Akwai yuwuwar haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa ta hanyar dasa tsaba masu girma. An girbi girbi a lokacin rani da kuma a cikin kaka saboda kyakkyawan kiyaye gilashin. Idan manomi yana so ya sami girbi na biyu, bayan watanni biyu, sai ya ɗauki dankalin da aka shirya don ci daga ƙasa, ya rufe sauran da ƙasa kuma ya bar su su yi girma kafin farkon sanyi na kaka.
Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace
Za a iya yin mummunan ra’ayi na iri-iri dangane da bayanin nau’in dankalin turawa na Empress:
- dogon tubers m a siffar, rawaya,
- kananan idanu,
- Nama mai tsami, tare da laushi mai laushi, matsakaicin narkewa, yana da kyau.
Tsarin dankalin turawa mai ɗorewa na Halitta The Air Bulb Empress (koren ‘ya’yan itace) ana shuka shi don sabuntawar kansa. Superelita, dankali marasa lafiya, a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwarsu suna kama da girman da wake.
Bayan shekaru uku suna kawo girbi mai kyau. Amma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, juriya ga cututtukan fungal da hare-haren parasite zai ragu, kamar yadda aikin zai yi. Dankali The Empress za ta rasa ‘super power’ dinta kuma za ta buƙaci sabunta iri.
Dokokin girma seedlings
Kwararru shawara shan tsaba a qware Stores, kamar yadda sabon iri daban-daban jinsunan za a iya samu daga nasu gidãjen Aljanna. The Empress yana da nata cikakkun bayanai a cikin girma seedlings.
Tunda girman tsaba yayi ƙanƙanta, bai kamata a yayyafa su da ƙasa lokacin shuka ba. A shirya cewa, wani lokacin kusan rabin tsaba ba za su shuɗe ba.
Girma daga iri
Shuka tsaba a fili a jere. Zuba ƙasa a cikin tanki tare da lissafin abin da za ku cika a matsayin seedlings. Tushen dole ne ya kasance a saman. Wasu manoma sun gwammace su ƙara yashi a ƙasa don ƙarin sassauƙa. Duk da haka, wannan ba shine mafi kyawun zaɓi ba saboda yana da nauyi sosai. Zai fi kyau amfani da peat ko gansakuka. Maimakon dasa shuki a cikin tukwane, yi amfani da hanyar tattarawa. Tsire-tsire masu sassauƙa na iya tono ƙasa, murɗawa, da sauransu.
Kowane mako 2, takin har tsawon watanni 2 tare da bayani na musamman. Lokacin da ciyawa na bazara ya bayyana, yi maganin su. Idan Mayu ya juya ya zama dumi, fara dumi shuka. Fitar da shi waje a wuri mai duhu na sa’o’i biyu. A hankali ƙara lokacin zuwa sa’o’i 10, sannan rana ɗaya. Kawai kar a bar shuka ta daskare.
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don shuka dankalin turawa shine 18 ° C. Lokacin da ma’aunin zafi da sanyio ya faɗi ƙasa da sifili, dankalin turawa ya fara rubewa.
Bude noman ƙasa
Shuka yana buƙatar hasken rana
Na farko harbe su ne kananan tubers. Ƙara zuwa wannan fasalin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan bushes na Empress: yana biye da cewa ya kamata a dasa tsire-tsire a nesa na 10-15 cm daga juna da rabin mita tsakanin layuka. Amma waɗannan sigogi sun dogara da adadin tushen a cikin rami da sauran cikakkun bayanai.
Zaɓi tudu mai haske wanda ba ya cikin haɗarin wuce gona da iri.
Girbi da ajiya
Yayin da tubers suka girma kuma suna rufe da fata mai ƙarfi, fara girbi. Sai kawai cikakke, cikakke dankalin turawa yana shirye don hunturu. Idan kuna son adana ‘ya’yan itatuwa a cikin cellar, pre-kore kuma ku wanke tare da bayani na potassium permanganate.
Yanayin zafin jiki ya kamata ya zama digiri 2-5 kuma zafi ya kamata ya kasance mai girma kamar yadda zai yiwu (95%).
Kula da dankalin turawa
Da zaran ƙasa ta fara bushewa, ciyar da shuka da ruwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a lokacin lokacin flowering. Ciyar da taki, zubar da tsuntsaye, ciyawa. Spud The iri-iri, kasancewa mai sauƙi, baya buƙatar kowane ƙoƙari na musamman da kansa kuma yana girma da kyau. Amma, idan ana shuka ‘ya’yan itatuwa don siyarwa, dole ne ku yi amfani da dabaru ta amfani da fasahar noma. Sannan an ba ku tabbacin samun girbi mai yawa na dankalin da za a iya kasuwa.
Bayan hanyar hawan tudu, ana iya fara sarrafa ciyawa ta amfani da sinadarai, amma kwanaki biyu kafin fara harbe-harbe. Yi amfani da ingantaccen kayan aiki wanda ke kashe ciyawa na shekara-shekara, na shekara-shekara, da dicot. Neon-99 da Rimus sun fi dacewa da lita 250 a kowace hectare.
A lokacin budding, shuka yana buƙatar shayarwa ta musamman, tare da ƙari na takin mai magani. Ana yin tudu da sassauta ƙasa sau uku a kowace kakar. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin suna ba da iska ga rhizome kuma suna ƙara ƙarfin sanda ba tare da horo ba.
Yanke saman kafin a tono dankali. Bayan tono tubers, bushe su a cikin daki mai kyau, amma kauce wa hasken rana kai tsaye. Kafin ajiya, amfanin gona ana kula da sinadarai.
Binciken
Babban dokoki sune danshi na ƙasa da kuma amfani da phytolamps. Na farko harbe bayyana a cikin sanyi Maris kuma nan da nan fara mikewa. Aikin ku shine samar musu da mafi girman haske. Sanya tsire-tsire a gefen kudu, sannan kuma haɗa hasken wucin gadi.
Ɗaya daga cikin matakai mafi mahimmanci shine tsarin daskarewa ƙasa. Tare da kulawa mara kyau, tsaba waɗanda suka sami damar girma zasu iya bushewa a cikin makon farko. Tushen da ke saman saman yana da sauƙin lalacewa: suna bushewa da sauri kuma tare da matsanancin zafi suna iya kamuwa da ƙafar baƙar fata. Dole ne su buƙaci phytolamps – tsire-tsire na iya shuɗe ko da a gaban kyawawan hasken halitta.
Idan matakan rigakafi ba su taimaka ba, kuma an buge seedlings baƙar fata, kuma tubers ya bushe daya bayan daya, kada ku yi sauri don yanke ƙauna. Yi amfani da abin da ake kira mulching ko hilling Bayan shayar da tsaba, ƙara ɗan ƙaramin busasshiyar ƙasa. Koyaushe dumi da bushe ƙasa za su sami rigakafi ga cututtuka. Yayin da yake bushewa, sha ruwa kuma sabunta yadudduka.
