Halayen Dankalan Impala –

Dankalin Impala shine sakamakon aikin masu kiwon Dutch. Yana da halin yawan aiki, babban dandano na tubers da sauƙi na kulawa.

Halayen nau’in dankalin turawa na Imp ala

Saboda rashin fahimtarsa, nau’in impala yana girma a duk faɗin duniya. Don samun amfanin gona mai kyau daga ƙasa mafi ƙanƙanta, kuna buƙatar sanin ka’idodin cultivars na noma, da kuma fasalulluka na shirya kayan dasa shuki a cikin bazara.

Halayen iri-iri

Impala dankali – farkon iri-iri.

Daga bayyanar farkon harbe zuwa girma na fasaha na tubers, ba a wuce kwanaki 60-65 ba. Wannan yana ba ku damar shuka amfanin gona guda biyu a cikin yanayi ɗaya, a cikin yanayin kudanci.

Abũbuwan amfãni

Don sauƙaƙe wa mai lambu don zaɓar nau’in dankalin turawa na Impala, kuna buƙatar la’akari da duk fa’idodi da rashin amfaninsa. Yin la’akari da sake dubawa, nau’in yana cikin babban buƙata kuma yana girma a ko’ina.

Abubuwan fa’idodin dankalin Impala sune:

• manyan tubers masu nauyin 100-130 g, wanda yake da wuya ga nau’in farko,
• fata yana da bakin ciki, amma mai karfi: yana ba da damar dankalin turawa don adana da kyau a duk lokacin hunturu har ma har zuwa sabon girbi.
• kowane tuber yana da idanu 9 zuwa 15, yana ba da damar a raba shi zuwa sassa kafin dasa.
• dandano yana da girma sosai.

Ko da tare da ɗan ƙaramin ruwa da ɗan tudu, ana kafa tubers 5-8 akan daji, kuma idan kun cika duk buƙatun yanayin girma, yawan amfanin ƙasa zai zama dankali 12-18 mai girma sosai. Bayanin tubers shine na hali ga nau’in Yaren mutanen Holland.

disadvantages

Impala iri-iri kuma yana da ƴan lahani:

• harbe suna da tsayi da tsayi, don haka kwanaki 3-4 kafin girbi, ana bada shawarar yanke su.
• iyakoki sune maganin da aka fi so na beetles dankalin turawa na Colorado, saboda haka yakamata a fesa daji akai-akai,
• blooms ba tare, kamar yadda za a iya samun matsaloli tare da pollination da tarin iri iri,
• mai saurin kamuwa da ciwon daji na dare, tagulla na ganye da phomosis.

Saboda babban abun ciki na sitaci a cikin tubers, dankali ba su da kyau sosai kuma ba friable ba, amma yana da kyau don soya da yin salads. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura da gaskiyar cewa launin rawaya mai launin rawaya na tuber core ba ya canzawa a lokacin maganin zafi, wanda ba za a iya cewa ga sauran nau’in tare da abun ciki na sitaci na 15-17%.

Noman dankalin turawa

Ana iya dasa iri-iri na Impala azaman tubers ko seedlings. Ko da yake zaɓi na farko ya fi sanin mazauna lokacin rani, noman dankali yana da fa’idodinsa da ba za a iya musantawa ba. A tsaba ba dillalai na marigayi blight da sauran daidai hatsari cututtuka da wanda tubers zama kamuwa a cikin ƙasa.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa

Ƙasa mai kyau za ta ƙara yawan amfanin gonaki

Don dasa dankalin farko ya zama dole a shuka a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Don yin wannan, a cikin Satumba-Oktoba, ana shuka ƙasar tare da taki koren, kuma bayan bayyanar tsire-tsire, suna tono rabin ƙasa. Don wannan dalili, zaka iya amfani da mustard, alkama, sha’ir, alfalfa, hatsin rai, rapeseed, rapeseed, da dai sauransu. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a tono ƙasa tare da ƙari na ruɓaɓɓen taki.

A cikin bazara, ƙasa tana kwance sosai tare da cokali mai yatsa ko mara zurfi wanda aka haƙa tare da felu. . Dankali ya fi son haske, ƙasa mai magudanar ruwa, saboda haka dole ne a karye duk kutsen ƙasa.

T. Tunda yawancin lambuna suna kamuwa da cututtukan cututtukan marigayi, dole ne a lalata ƙasa kafin shuka. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa:

1. Maganin formalin. 250 ml na wannan magani ana diluted a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma an zuba ƙasa ta cikin su watanni 1-1.5 kafin fara aikin filin. Amfani da 4% formalin.
2. Chlorine. A cikin kaka, kafin farkon sanyi, wannan abu yana tarwatsa a saman duniya. A cikin 1 m², ana buƙatar aƙalla g 100 na bleach.
3. Phytosporin. Ana amfani da wannan magani na ilimin halitta a cikin ƙasa yayin shirye-shiryen ƙasa na bazara. Ana amfani dashi a cikin adadin 6-7 ml da lita 10 na ruwa. Wannan juzu’in ya isa ga 1 m².
4. ‘Trichodermin’. Ana shafa a ƙasa nan da nan kafin dasa shuki. Don lita 10 na ruwa, ɗauki 10 g na wannan foda. Ana shayar da maganin tare da gadaje.
5. ‘Gliokladin’. Hakanan wakili ne na halitta don sarrafa ƙwayoyin cuta. An saka granules na wannan abu a cikin ƙasa daga 0,5 zuwa 1 cm. Ana yin hanya 3 zuwa 4 makonni kafin dasa shuki tubers.
6. Gamair. Don dalilai na rigakafi, suna noma ƙasar tare da maganin 5% na wannan magani. Yi shi kafin dasa shuki.

Ƙasar da aka shirya da kyau ita ce mabuɗin girbi mai kyau. Hakanan wajibi ne a bi ka’idodin juyawa amfanin gona. Ba za ku iya dasa dankali a wuri ɗaya na shekaru da yawa a jere ba. Waɗannan su ne magabata.

Noman dankalin turawa

An fara dasa dankalin farko a tsakiyar Afrilu idan yanayin yanayi ya ba da izini. Dole ne a yi zafi da ƙasa aƙalla zurfin 10 cm. An zaɓi kayan dasa shuki a cikin kaka kuma an adana shi daban daga sauran amfanin gona.

Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a tada tubers. Don yin wannan, a ƙarshen Fabrairu an sanya su a cikin sanyi, wuri mai haske. Ana yayyafa tubers a saman tare da sawdust kuma ana fesa shi lokaci-lokaci da ruwa daga kwalban fesa.

Zurfin ramin ya dogara da girman ƙasa. A cikin ƙasa mara kyau, ana iya dasa tubers zuwa zurfin 10-15 cm, amma a cikin ƙasa mai laushi fiye da 6 cm. Ana shuka dankali a cikin ramuka da ramuka. Duk ya dogara da abubuwan da ake so na lambu.

Kula da dankalin turawa

Ana buƙatar shayar da tsire-tsire akai-akai

Impala na farko yana ba da kyakkyawan amfanin gona muddin ana kula da shi sosai. Ko da yake shuka ba shi da ma’ana, yana buƙatar miya mai kyau da kuma shayarwa.

Don samar da manyan tubers, wajibi ne a dakatar da bushes, kuma yana taimakawa cewa sassa na sama ba su rot ba. A karo na farko ana aiwatar da hanya lokacin da tsayin harbe ya kai 12-15 cm. A gindin mai tushe, sun yanke ƙasa tare da sara don samar da mazugi. Sake noma amfanin gona kafin fure. Wannan ya fi sauƙi a yi bayan ruwan sama ko shayarwa.

Watse

Yawan amfanin gona ya dogara da abun cikin ƙasa. Idan lokacin rani ya bushe sosai kuma ba a mutunta ka’idodin shayarwa ba, to, tubers suna fama da talauci, sun zama ƙanana da karkace. Halayen ɗanɗanon su ma suna shan wahala sosai.

Lokacin ripening na dankalin turawa yana raguwa sosai idan kun fara yawan shayarwa yayin ƙirƙirar furanni a saman furanni. Har zuwa wannan lokaci, shuka ba a shayar da shi ba. Bayan an kafa sprouts, har zuwa girbi, ya kamata a kiyaye ƙasa m da sako-sako bayan kowace watering. Ƙunƙarar da ke tasowa a saman ƙasa bayan zubar da ruwa yana tsoma baki tare da samun iska na ƙasa kuma yana katse ci gaban tubers.

Shayar da amfanin gona da rana ko a cikin yanayin girgije. Wasu lambu suna yin aikin yayyafa ruwa. Tare da irin wannan ban ruwa, ana amfani da ruwa da yawa, amma danshin da ke shiga saman zai iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi.

Taki

Tare da taimakon ciyarwar da ta dace, ba za ku iya ƙara yawan yawan aiki ba, har ma da sauri sauri aiwatar da ripening. Domin shuka ya zama babba, har ma da tubers, ana bada shawara don ciyar da shi.

Idan ba a yi amfani da takin mai magani a cikin kaka ba kuma an dasa taki ko bazara, to, suturar saman ta zama dole kawai a lokacin girma. Kafin fure, ana shayar da bushes tare da jiko na mullein ko zubar da tsuntsaye. Don yin wannan, an zubar da sabo ne a cikin akwati a cikin rabo na 1: 5. Bayan makonni 2, an narkar da 0,5 l na laka a cikin guga na ruwa kuma an zubar da shi sosai a karkashin tushen. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a ƙara toka na itace a ƙasa yayin dasawa.

A cikin kaka, a lokacin tono, ana ƙara superphosphate da potassium sulfate a 1 kg a kowace ɗari. A cikin bazara, urea da ammonium nitrate hatimi iri ɗaya. Babban abu shine lura da maida hankali kuma kada ku wuce shi tare da suturar saman. Rashin takin potassium yana haifar da ci gaban ganyen tagulla, cuta ce da ke shafar sashin sama kuma tana shafar ci gaban shuka gaba daya.

Maganin kwari

Halayen nau’ikan iri-iri suna nuna cewa sau da yawa ana fallasa shi ga harin kwaro.Don hana kwari daga lalata harbe da tubers na shuka, ya zama dole a bi su da magungunan kashe qwari.

Babban kwari na amfanin gona sune:

• Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro,
• waya tsutsa,
• sosai.

Ba shi da kyau a fesa shukar manya a lokacin da kwaro ya riga ya yi kanta. Ruwan sama ya wanke maganin kuma dole ne a maimaita hanyar. Hakanan, ba shi da lafiya ga lafiya. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a gudanar da aiki kafin saukowa.

Bayanin yawancin shirye-shiryen sarrafa kwaro na solanaceous yana nuna cewa ana iya sarrafa tubers ta hanyoyi da yawa kafin dasa shuki:

1. Soaking.An sanya tubers a cikin akwati tare da bayani da aka shirya bisa ga umarnin kuma an bar shi don 2-3 hours. Bayan sun bushe kuma an sanya su cikin rijiyoyi.
2. Fesa An shimfiɗa Cellophane ko kwalta a ƙasa, kuma an shimfiɗa tubers a saman jere a jere. Yin amfani da bindiga mai feshi, fesa dankalin daidai gwargwado. Sa’an nan kuma tubers suna buƙatar juya su kuma a maimaita hanya.
3. Kashe kura Idan bayanin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana nufin amfani da bushewa, to, an haxa foda tare da ash na itace, kuma tubers suna da ƙura. Ash yana sauƙaƙa aikin.

Yaƙin da beyar ya kamata ya sami kulawa ta musamman, tun da yake a cikin ƙasa mai wadatar taki, wannan kwarin zai iya kashe har zuwa 20 bushes dankalin turawa. Bugu da ƙari, sarrafa tubers, ana bada shawara a sanya musu baits masu guba.

ƙarshe

Impala iri-iri yana da kyawawan halaye. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, zaku iya ba da girbi mai yawa da wuri. Ingancin tubers da ɗanɗanon su ma suna da bita.

Impala shine wakilci na yau da kullun na nau’in dankalin turawa na Dutch, amma duk da wannan shuka, yana tsira da kyau a cikin yanayin mu. Kuma a cikin yankunan kudancin, yana iya samar da amfanin gona biyu a kowace kakar.