A cikin aikin noman dankalin turawa, da yawa lokacin girbi, akwai albarkatun gona da yawa don yanke ta kofofin baya. Gogaggen lambu sun san wannan matsala kuma suna sane da cewa sakamakon waya ce a cikin ƙasa mai son kayan lambu. Lambun da aka dasa kayan lambu a cikin filin su fiye da shekara guda sun riga sun san yadda za su magance wireworms a dankali, kuma sun dade suna daukar matakan aiki don magance shi a cikin bazara da kuma fada don halakar da kwaro a cikin lokaci. amfanin gona.
Waya fada a dankali
Chemistry akan wireworms
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don magance kwari ita ce maganin kwari, wanda aka tsara don magance tubers na wireworm akan dankali a lokacin bazara kafin shuka. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da guba don kayan shuka, ana iya kiyaye amfanin gona na dankalin turawa daga nutcracker, Colorado dankalin turawa, bear, kaguwa, da cututtuka na shuka na dogon lokaci, har zuwa watanni biyu.
Masu lambu ba sa ba da shawarar sarrafa nau’in dankalin turawa da wuri a cikin bazara.Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta Wannan hanyar sarrafa tsutsotsin waya a cikin dankalin farko ba ya samar da fa’idodi da yawa. Rage lokacin balaga na tushen amfanin gonar ku baya ba da damar rage yawan adadin sinadarai a cikin su, kuma sakamakon haka, sinadarin yana shiga cikin kayan lambu masu girma.
Matsakaici da marigayi nau’in balagagge galibi ana sarrafa su ta amfani da irin waɗannan magungunan kashe qwari. wireworm gindi a cikin dankali kamar Prestige, Commander, Taboo, wanda kuma ya haifar da kariya kuma ya ba ka damar kawar da ƙwayar dankalin turawa ta Colorado.
Maganin sinadarai na gida
Dangane da shawarwarin ƙwararrun lambu, da yawa sun dace don shirya haɗuwa ta amfani da abubuwan sinadarai waɗanda wireworm ba ya so, suna yin nasu shirye-shiryen tare da su. Daga cikin abubuwan sarrafawa da aka fi amfani da su, don kawar da wireworm a cikin dankali kafin dasa shuki yadda ya kamata, shine mafita mai aiki dangane da superphosphate:
- 5 kilogiram na granular superphosphate an tarwatsa a cikin wani fim na fim tare da bakin ciki Layer.
- Ana ɗaukar ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka tsara masu aiki a cikin adadin da aka tsara: 0.4 ml na Decis, ko 1 ml na Karate, ko 15 ml na Actellik ko 2 ml na Fastak,
- Ana diluted sinadaran da aka zaɓa tare da acetone mai ruwa wanda aka shirya a cikin rabo na 800 ml ta 200 ml, bi da bi.
- Sakamakon abun da ke ciki tare da sashin aiki yana fesa akan superphosphate kuma a bar shi a kan fim har sai ya bushe gaba daya.
Ana kula da ƙasa tare da superphosphate a cikin lambun kafin dasa shuki tubers. Adadin da aka shirya ya isa don aiwatar da kusan murabba’in murabba’in murabba’in mita 100 na yankin da aka noma don kada kumbura ya bayyana akan dankali.
Maganin jama’a game da tsutsotsin waya
Daga cikin hanyoyin sarrafa tsutsotsin waya a cikin dankali, akwai magungunan gida, masu lambu suna son su kuma galibi suna ƙoƙarin amfani da su don kada su lalata amfanin gona na gaba kuma kada su lalata ƙasa da sinadarai.
Ganye
Yawancin teas na ganye suna aiki azaman ma’auni mai tasiri akan wireworm:
- Ana shirya jiko na celandine a cikin rabo na gram 100 na ciyawa da guga lita goma na ruwa, ajiye shi har kwana uku;
- Don jiko na nettle kuna buƙatar 0,5 kilogiram na ciyawa don girman girman ruwa, infused na tsawon sa’o’i 12,
- a cikin jiko na Dandelion yana buƙatar 200 grams na ciyawa ga kowane lita 10 na ruwa, wannan yana da shekaru rabin yini.
Waɗannan mafita suna kula da amfanin gonakin iri kafin dasa shuki na tsawon mako guda. Masu lambu suna ba da shawarar shuka iri kafin shuka kowace rana. Bayan dasa shuki tare da infusions na ganye tare da celandine, mustard, nettle da ƙafar doki, ana shayar da bishiyoyin dankalin turawa yayin da suke girma da haɓaka.
Shell
Kwai-kwai na iya taimakawa
Ana amfani da ƙwai da kyau ta hanyar ƙwararrun lambu a matsayin ma’auni mai tasiri a cikin yaki da nutcracker. Bisa shawarar ƙwararrun masu aikin lambu, ana kula da tubers dankalin turawa tare da yankakken yankakken kwai kafin dasa shuki. Har ila yau, ana iya sanya ƙwai a cikin rami nan da nan kafin a dasa tuber a cikin ƙasa.
Bisa shawarar wasu masu lambu, za a iya maye gurbin bawoyi na ƙwai da albasa ko tafarnuwa, wanda ba shi da ƙananan ma’auni na yadda za a kawar da wireworms a cikin dankali. Yawancin yayyafa ramuka tare da mustard.
Har ila yau, akwai wasu mazauna lokacin rani wadanda, baya ga matakan da aka dauka na kawar da tsutsotsin waya a cikin dankali, suna son sanya yankakken ƙwai da kuma yayyafa mustard a duk fadin ƙasar. inda ake noman dankalin turawa.
Amoniya
Ammonium sulfate, ko kuma akwai wata hanya mai mahimmanci irin wannan don bi da wireworm a dankali – ammonium nitrate, sau da yawa ana amfani da su azaman hanyoyin jama’a waɗanda zasu iya lalata kwaro Sun ƙunshi sashin aiki ammonia. Yana aiki a matsayin abin dogaro ga larvae na ƙwaro na nutcracker, yana tilasta shi ya yi zurfi cikin ƙasa, ya bar shi ba tare da abinci ba, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar kwarin. Lissafin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi shine kimanin gram 20-30 a kowace murabba’in yankin da aka dasa.
Potassium
Daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su wajen yakar roundworm a dankalin turawa ita ce potassium potassium permanganate, wanda ake shayar da wani rami a kasa nan da nan kafin shuka. Hakanan ana amfani da maganin da potassium a cikin tsarin noman dankalin turawa wajen sarrafa ciyayi na manya, adadin ruwan aiki don sarrafa tubers kafin dasa shuki da lokacin shuka kayan lambu shine 2 zuwa 4 g na foda potassium permanganate kowace goma. lita guga na ruwa.
Hanyoyin inji
Lokacin da ake noman kayan lambu a cikin ƙaramin yanki, kuma ba cikin yanayin samar da aikin gona na masana’antu a fagen ba, akwai ƙwaƙƙwaran aiki, amma ba ƙasa da inganci, hanyoyin sarrafawa waɗanda masu lambu ke amfani da hanyar injina don tattara tsutsansu ba.
Tarkuna
Daga cikin inji arodnyh matakan a kan irin ƙwaro – wireworms – musamman tattalin tarkuna, Ya sanya daga dankalin turawa tsutsa cewa iya jimre wa kwaro na amfanin gona. A saboda wannan dalili, tushen amfanin gona – tarko marasa ido suna jiƙa a cikin wakili na kwari na rana. Kwanaki 3-4 kafin dasa dankalin turawa, ana binne tarkon kayan lambu da aka sarrafa wireworm a wurin da ake zargin babban tarin tsutsa. Bayan ɓata lokaci (yawanci kwana biyu ko uku ya isa haka), an tono tuber na kwari daga dankalin turawa wanda ya shafa, ana tsabtace tarkon daga tsutsa, ko kuma kawai ya ƙone. Hanyar hanyar inji na yaƙi tarko ana maimaita sau da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu a duk lokacin aikin lambu.
tsaba masu guba
Dasa masara mai guba, alkama, ko hatsi kafin shuka kayan lambu shine ma’aunin inji don sarrafa tsutsotsi a cikin dankali. Ana shuka guba na halitta kimanin makonni biyu kafin dasa shuki tubers. Bayan makonni biyu, ana tono tsire-tsire a cikin filin dasa tare da larvae na ƙwaro na nutcracker wanda ke kan tushensu kuma ya ƙone. Sai kawai bayan irin wannan tsaftacewa, ana shuka dankalin da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa na ƙasa.
Matakan noma
Kuna iya kawar da annoba
Matakan aikin gona da aka ɗauka cikin lokaci kafin shuka dankali zai iya ceton girbi na gaba.
Iyakancewa
Nutcracker beetle larvae sun fi son ƙasa mai yawan acid, don haka ɗayan hanyoyin kawar da wireworms shine kiyaye acidity na ƙasa a matakin da ya dace. Tsarin ƙasa na yau da kullun na halitta tare da ƙari na ash, lemun tsami da alli ya zama ainihin maƙiyin halitta na kwaro.
Don sanin cewa ƙasa tana da acidity mai yawa, tsire-tsire da ke aiki a matsayin masu nuna alama sun ba da izini. Idan horsetail da zobo tare da ayaba suna jin daɗi a cikin lambun ku, wannan lokaci ne don ɗaukar matakai akan babban acidity kuma samar da ƙasa a ƙasa.
Yana taimakawa sosai azaman hanyar yaƙi da cin abinci na dolomite wireworm, wanda aka gabatar sau ɗaya tare da tazara na shekaru 3-4. Noman ƙasa na yau da kullun yana ba ku damar kawar da kwaro daga yankin kewayen birni.
Juya amfanin gona
Wireworm gabaɗaya baya shafar amfanin gona da aka dasa a cikin mãkirci kawai a cikin shekarar farko, sabili da haka, ma’auni mafi mahimmanci a cikin yaƙi da kwaro, wanda ke ba da damar kare amfanin gona na gaba, shine canjin shekara-shekara na amfanin gona a cikin gadaje . Canjin amfanin gona mai kyau zai ba ku damar yin yaƙi ba kawai nutcracker ba, har ma da dankalin turawa na Colorado.
Ciyawa
Fences da ciyawa na alkama suna jawo tsutsotsin waya zuwa kurmin dankalin turawa. Gyaran gadaje na yau da kullun da kuma tsabtace ciyawa a kan lokaci zai jinkirta aiwatar da saurin haifuwa na tsutsa.
Tono kasa
A ƙarshen lokacin aikin lambu, ƙwararrun masu aikin lambu suna ƙoƙarin ba kawai don tsabtace duk tubers a cikin lambun ba, amma ta hanyar digging ƙasa kamar yadda zai yiwu, yin shi mai zurfi kamar yadda zai yiwu, ɗaga kowane yadudduka na ƙasa waɗanda ke a cikin ƙasa. Nisa sosai ana yin hakan ne domin tsutsar tsutsa ta isa saman ƙasa kuma su mutu a cikin faɗuwar lokacin sanyi.
Shallow digging ana bada shawarar a lokacin da pre-dasa tono na ƙasa faruwa a cikin bazara, da kuma wireworm larvae kama a cikin idanu ya kamata a cire a dace hanya maimakon. binne zurfi a cikin ƙasa.
Ma’aunin Halittu
A matsayin nazarin halittu ma’auni don sarrafa wireworm, don halakar da kwaro, lambu sau da yawa neman shuka lambu shuke-shuke a cikin lambu cewa su game n ba jure wa, da kuma amfani da sabis na irin ƙwaro ta halitta makiya – da nutcracker.
Tsire-tsire
Wasu ƙwararrun ƙwararrun lambu sun lura cewa wireworm yana son tushen latas, don haka, don adana amfanin gona na dankalin turawa, ana shuka nau’ikan salatin sau da yawa a tsakanin ridges, don haka daga baya tare da tushen da tsutsa na wireworm akan su, ana fitar da kwaro daga cikin ƙasa.
Maimakon tsire-tsire masu jawo kwaro, za ku iya kare amfanin gonakin dankalin turawa ta hanyar amfani da amfanin gona wanda ke da tasirin hanawa:
- Siderates, wanda ya saki warin mai mai mahimmanci lokacin da ya lalace, yana tunkuɗe kwaro na tushen dankalin turawa, daga cikin mafi rashin jin daɗi ga tsutsa irin ƙwaro – nutcracker nutcracker – mustard, buckwheat, furanni clover mai zaki, rapeseed da rapeseed, ana shuka amfanin gona na siderata akan. ridges a cikin fall lokacin da aka girbe amfanin gona na dankalin turawa, ko kafin dasa dankali a cikin bazara, har zuwa 10 cm tsayi na tsutsotsi – koren taki yana yanke kuma yana haɗuwa da ƙasa.
- amfanin gona na horticultural – marigolds da dahlias, wanda ke kawar da larvae da warin su,
- Legumes (wake, wake da wake) – dasa shuki a lokacin bazara, waɗannan amfanin gona na lambu za su ba da kariya ga girbi na dankalin turawa na gaba kuma a lokaci guda wadatar da ƙasa tare da abubuwan da ake buƙata na nitrogen a cikin matakin girma da kuma lokacin haɓaka shrubs na dankalin turawa. .
Jan hankali tsuntsaye
Ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau ga tsuntsaye a cikin filin lokacin bazara zai jawo hankalin tsuntsaye, wanda shine abokan gaba na wireworm. Suna cin nutcracker da tsutsanta. Tsuntsayen da ke cin wayoyi sun haɗa da taurari da hasumiyai, wagtails, da blackbirds.
