Kayan lambu na farko suna kan kasuwa koyaushe, don haka masu lambu da masu lambu suna neman keɓe wani ɓangare na ƙasar don nau’ikan kiwo da wuri. Dankalin dankalin turawa ya sami karɓuwa saboda gaskiyar cewa ana iya girbe girbi na farko a watan Yuni (har ma a cikin yankuna masu ɗanɗano). ƙananan yanayin zafi na shekara).
Halayen nau’in dankalin turawa Bullfinch
An haɗa nau’ikan zaɓi na Rasha a cikin Rajista na Tarayyar Rasha a cikin 2001, an ba da shawarar yin kiwo a tsakiyar da arewacin Turai na Rasha, a Yammacin Siberiya, a cikin Urals. Sunan yana nuna cewa amfanin gona yana jure sanyi.
Descripción
Bisa ga halaye na bullfinch, tsire-tsire ne mai matsakaici. Daidaitaccen daji, nau’in tsaka-tsaki.Kyakkyawan koren iyakoki masu babban ganye, gefuna masu kauri na ganyen babu su. Ana tattara furanni masu launin lilac a cikin manyan inflorescences.
Zagaye, tubers masu siffar oval na matsakaicin girman, yin la’akari 60-90 g, tare da ƙananan idanu masu ruwan hoda-lilac. Launin tubers ja ne ko ruwan hoda. Fatar tayi siriri sosai. Ruwan ruwan madara fari ne. Har zuwa tubers 15 suna daure a ƙarƙashin daji. Abubuwan da ke cikin sitaci ya ɗan fi matsakaici, kusan 16%. Matsakaicin narkewa. A cewar masu lambu, dankalin turawa suna da kyau kuma sun dace da shirya jita-jita iri-iri.
Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na iri-iri
Irin dankalin turawa Bullfinch yana da fa’idodi da yawa:
- maturation abokantaka,
- kyakkyawan ingancin kulawa – kusan 95%,
- Yayi dadi sosai.
Amfanin amfanin gona yana da amfani mai kyau: don farkon samarwa – kusan 200 kg / ha, a lokacin cikakken lokacin maturation – kusan 350 kg / ha. Iyakar abin da ke cikin wannan nau’in shine yiwuwar kamuwa da wasu cututtuka, alal misali, nematode.
Shuka dankali
Dokokin shuka amfanin gona ba su da halaye masu mahimmanci. An shirya ƙasa da kayan shuka bisa ga al’ada.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Kuna iya girma a kowace ƙasa, amma maras kyau, mai gina jiki, da ƙasa mai kyau yana samar da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Domin ƙasa ta sami irin waɗannan kaddarorin a kan shafin, suna tono shi a cikin fall zuwa zurfin spade bayoneti ba tare da keta clods ba. Irin wannan hanya ba kawai yana taimakawa wajen adana danshi ba, mafi kyawun numfashi, amma kuma yana aiki a matsayin hanya. na rigakafi da wasu cututtuka, hanyar magance kwari. A lokacin tono kaka, ana shigar da humus ko takin, ash na itace, da hadadden takin da ba a iya gani ba a cikin ƙasa.
A cikin bazara, ana kwance gadaje don dankali idan ƙasa tana da haske, ko kuma an sake haƙa rabin yanki idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, yumbu. Ana amfani da takin zamani a lokacin tono ko kuma kai tsaye a cikin rijiyoyin lokacin shuka.
Noman dankalin turawa
Kyakkyawan girbi yana ba da kayan iri na superelite ko fitattun iri. Wannan yana ba ku damar adana tsaba don shekaru 3-5. Idan ba zai yiwu ba don siyan tubers na wannan aji ko shuka shi da kanku, zaku iya amfani da kayan shuka na farko na kiwo, wanda kamfanonin noma ke siyar da su akan farashi mai rahusa.
Tubers dole ne a shirye don dasa shuki
Don shirya tubers don dasa shuki, zaka iya yin haka:
- ware da jefar da tsaba da suka lalace, ruɓe, scab, da sauransu.
- Makonni 3-4 kafin dasa shuki, sanya kwalaye tare da kayan dasa shuki a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske don germination da kore, Mafi kyawun halaye na tubers don dasa shuki: girman kwai da ƙananan 2- lokacin farin ciki harbe 3 cm cikin girman,
- Nan da nan kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, bi da wakilai waɗanda ke haɓaka rigakafi, saboda Bullfinch yana da ƙarancin juriya ga wasu nau’ikan cututtuka da ƙwayoyin kwari, don rigakafin kwari.
Masu noman kayan lambu suna yin aiki kafin dasa foda na tubers tare da shirye-shiryen gumatized dangane da toka na itace ko ƙara toka a cikin rami a cikin adadin cokali 1. a cikin daji.
An shuka amfanin gona bisa ga makirci 60 x 35 cm (darajar farko ita ce nisa tsakanin ramuka, na biyu – a jere tsakanin bushes). Zurfin inlay shine 8-10 cm.
Kula da dankalin turawa
Dokokin kula da dankalin dankalin turawa suna buƙatar yanayi masu zuwa: lokaci mai laushi na ƙasa, hawan tudu, suturar sama.
Watse
Irin nau’in yana jure wa fari na ɗan lokaci, amma yawan amfanin ƙasa zai fi girma idan amfanin gona ya sami isasshen danshi. Da farko, bayan dasa shuki, ba kwa buƙatar ruwa: tuber yana da isasshen ruwa da abinci mai gina jiki. Yawan danshi na iya haifar da mummunan tasiri ga ingancin seedlings.
Yana da kyau a aiwatar da farkon watering kwanaki 7-10 bayan bayyanar harbe a saman. Har ila yau, yawan shayarwa zai dogara ne akan yanayin yanayi.Ba a ba da shawarar ba da izinin ƙasa don bushewa yayin da aka samu toho, flowering da tuber tying. Ban ruwa zai yi tasiri bayan tudu, a cikin aisles. Mafi kyawun lokacin shine safiya ko rana.
A karon farko ana shuka kananan bushes, suna kaiwa tsayin 10-12 cm. Tsawon ɗigon ya kamata ya zama irin wannan ganyen gaskiya 4 ya kasance a saman duniya. Hanya ta biyu ita ce tsayin tushe na 15-20 cm. Yawan da ingancin tubers ya dogara da wannan hanya a cikin bangarori da yawa.
Taki
Ana yin ciyarwar farko bayan tudun farko. Ana amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium. Iri-iri yana amsa da kyau ga takin mullein da zubar da tsuntsaye. Yana da kyau a ciyar da shuke-shuke bayan watering.
Ana amfani da kwayoyin halitta gabaɗaya a cikin yanayin ruwa, ana ba su aƙalla sa’o’i 24. Adadin su ne:
- don mullein: kashi 1 taki 10 sassa na ruwa,
- don zubar da tsuntsu: don kashi 1 na busassun busassun abubuwa 15 na ruwa.
Masu lambu suna kimanta tasirin amfani da samfuran halitta a kashi 30-50% na karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Kula da kwaro
Bisa ga bayanin, don hana marigayi blight da shan kashi na zinariya nematode kiyaye amfanin gona juyawa, cire weeds a kan dace hanya, kauce wa stagnation na danshi, da kuma samar da isasshen samun iska zuwa bushes. Shirye-shirye na gida tare da madara mai madara, aidin, tafarnuwa, wormwood, potassium permanganate, da dai sauransu. za su kuma taimaka.
Complex fungicides sun dace da maganin shuke-shuke. Bazudin, alal misali, yana taimakawa a kan nematodes da wireworms. Ditan, Bravo, Revus ana kula da su don rashin jin daɗi na ƙarshe, alternariosis.
ƙarshe
Mazauna bazara da masu lambu sun yaba da kyawawan halayen ɗanɗano na Bullfinch dankali. Tun lokacin da aka haƙa dankali na farko bayan kwanaki 45, nau’in ya dace da amfanin gona 2 a kowace kakar.
Haƙurin Bullfinch ga yanayin yanayi yana ba da damar girma cikin nasara a Siberiya. An nuna nau’in nau’in yana da tasiri ga ƙananan gonaki.
