Kafin zabar al’ada, dole ne mu dubi kadan: kowannensu yana da halaye na kansa, bangarori masu kyau da marasa kyau. Khutorok iri-iri na cucumbers ya ƙaunaci kowa da kowa, saboda farkon balagagge, kuma wanda zai ƙi tattara sabo da wuri. mai yiwuwa? Wasu masu sana’a suna shuka shi a cikin loggias mai dumi da kuma a kan baranda masu gilashi, suna cinye kansu da cucumbers a cikin matattun hunturu.
Halayen nau’in cucumber Khutorok
Halayen iri-iri
Khutorok cucumber wani nau’in nau’in ƙudan zuma ne wanda ƙudan zuma ke pollinated, furen galibi mace ne.
Koyaya, idan kuna son yin gwaji kuma kuna son shuka shi a gida, zaku iya pollination da hannu. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da siffar silinda, kawai tapering zuwa tushe, tsayin su ya bambanta a cikin yanki na 9-11 cm, kuma nauyin su shine 90 zuwa 100 g., Launi mai launi, tare da ratsan fararen fata da ƙananan spikes, manyan tubers da bayyanannen siffa. Naman cucumbers daga shuka ɗaya na iya kaiwa 4.5-5 kg. Amma waɗannan su ne kawai halayen da gonar kokwamba na f1, bayanin fa’idodin da za mu yi la’akari da su daga baya.
Abũbuwan amfãni
Wannan nau’in yana da fa’idodi da yawa waɗanda suka sa ya shahara ga masu lambu a duniya. ga duniya:
- kokwamba ba shi da haushi, m, kintsattse, dadi, wannan ya sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don salads,
- saurin girma. Ana iya girbi girbi bayan kwanaki 30 daga lokacin da tsaba suka fito.
- juriya cututtuka: tushen rot, powdery mildew, ainihin da ƙarya,
- yana jure yanayin damuwa,
- Khutorok iri-iri na cucumbers na duniya ne, yana jurewa da kyau ba kawai tare da kayan abinci ba, har ma ana samun pickles da marinades masu ban mamaki.
- bayyanar kyan gani, tsabtace ƙananan kayan lambu masu launin kore a cikin hanyar da ta dace ta yi ado da tebur da kyau, sun dace da nau’in adadi da hadaddun carbohydrates.
disadvantages
Kamar sauran cucumbers, har yanzu yana da ulcerative ga cututtuka:
- Cladosporiosis,
- Sclerotinia,
- Grey rot,
- Antrachnosis,
- Alternariosis,
- Ascoquitosis da sauransu.
Rigakafin cutar
Anan akwai wasu shawarwari don rigakafinsa: zai zama daidai don lura da jujjuyawar cucumbers, kada a dasa shuka a wuri ɗaya a baya fiye da shekaru 4. Ba lallai ba ne don shuka iri mai yawa, sakamakon bazai zama ba. son ku. Cucumbers na iya yin rashin lafiya daga ruwan sanyi, don haka ya fi kyau a kare shi daga rana. Yin tsaftacewa na yau da kullum na tarkace shuka zai amfana kawai, kada ku ƙyale yaduwar cututtuka.
Shuka iri-iri
Ana shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Mayu – farkon Yuni, a cikin buɗe ƙasa, ko greenhouse a zurfin 2-4 cm.
Kafin wannan, zai zama da amfani a jiƙa su na tsawon sa’o’i 24 a cikin ruwa, ta yadda al’ada ta fi sauƙi. Nisa tsakanin ramukan ya kamata ya zama 40 cm. Ko da yaushe, kamar tsakanin layuka. Kafin farkon harbe-harbe, an rufe amfanin gona da fim da dare don kare su. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa wannan ba nau’in pollinating ba ne, kuma idan kun yi amfani da greenhouse, ku kasance a shirye don pollinate furanni da hannu.
Shirya ƙasa
Ƙasar da aka shirya za ta tabbatar da ci gaban shuka mai kyau
Ana ba da shawarar cewa ƙwararrun masana sun ba da shawarar Shirya ƙasa. Kyakkyawan girbi na cucumbers yana ba da gudummawa ga magudanar ruwa, da takin ƙasa, da ƙasa mai arzikin nitrogen. Ƙasar acid mai girma tana ƙididdigewa don hana cututtukan amfanin gona. Don taki, zaka iya amfani da 20 kg. taki, 30 g na superphosphate da 10 g na potassium chloride – duk wannan yana da kyau gauraye da amfani da 1 murabba’in mita. m. na Duniya.
Bush kula
Da zarar ganye uku suka bayyana akan cucumbers, ana sassauta ƙasa don ciyar da tsire-tsire. Potassium chloride da saltpeter an kara, a wannan mataki takin mai magani zai isa, kuma kafin launi na farko an sake ciyar da su. A nan gaba, ƙari na ciyawa zai hanzarta bayyanar amfanin gona, yin aikin kariya, kuma yana riƙe da danshi. Baya ga mulching, akwai wasu hanyoyin zamani na rufe amfanin gona: za su iya wuce hasken rana da kuma hana ciyawa mannewa kan gado cikin sauƙi ta yadda za su kiyaye ƙasa da ɗanɗano na dogon lokaci. Lokacin da kokwamba yana da ganye biyar, ya zama dole don tsunkule tukwicinsu, yin haka don ƙara yawan inflorescences mace.
Watse
Cucumber kayan lambu ne mai son danshi, kuma yana son shayarwa yau da kullun, ana yin su da daddare, ruwan dumi, kowane mako biyu ko uku ana hada su da manyan sutura. Don cucumbers dandana zaki da ruwa mai yawa yayin saiti da haɓaka aiki. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci zai zama girbi na lokaci, in ba haka ba cucumbers za su fara girma da yawa kuma su cire ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, hana sababbin ovaries daga tasowa.
Maganin kwari
Aphids
Ainihin mafarkin lambun kokwamba shine aphid na guna, wannan kwarin yana manne da shukar a cikin yankuna gabaɗaya kuma yana ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itacensa, yana girma har ya mutu.
Tinctures daga kayan taba za su dace: taba, ash na itace tare da sabulun wanki, albasa da tafarnuwa.Amma ban da gwagwarmaya mai aiki, akwai wata dabarar da ke hana bayyanar kwaro: ladybugs yana rage yawan yawan su, don jawo hankalin waɗannan kwari masu amfani. , ya isa shuka mustard ko dill ganye, waɗannan tsire-tsire suna jawo hankalin abokan gaba na aphid kankana.
mite
Gishiri na gizo-gizo yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi a cikin greenhouses, kamar yadda a cikin yanayin aphids, mite yana ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace kuma ana fitar da shi.
Amma yana taimakawa da yawa ta hanyar tono ƙasa don hunturu, a cikin wannan yanayin kwari ya mutu. Neman nematode na gall zai iya shafar tushen, an kawar da wannan kwaro ta hanyar maye gurbin ƙasa mai cutar da lafiya, zurfin 50 cm, a cikin greenhouses ana iya yin tururi ƙasa ko ƙasa na iya daskare a cikin hunturu ta hanyar cire murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Ana amfani da kayan aiki mai tsabta a cikin tsari don kada kamuwa da cuta ya sake faruwa.
Sarukan tururuwa
Tururuwan da ke tona ramuka marasa adadi kuma suna kawo aphids na iya zama wani abokin gaba na cucumbers. Suna kawar da su ta hanyar tono ƙasa akai-akai, suna shimfiɗa tarko na musamman tare da syrup, tudun tururuwa suna tono su cika da kananzir. Har ila yau, za ku iya yayyafa ƙasa da lemun tsami ko zuba tafasasshen ruwa a cikin gidan tururuwa.
ƙarshe
Khutorok – Babban nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) girma da kuma girma a cikin greenhouses da kuma a cikin filayen budewa. , ba ta da daci ko kadan. Idan ana so, ana iya girma a gida ta hanyar sanya shi a kan loggia ko baranda. Kula da kulawa mai sauƙi da mahimmanci don wannan amfanin gona, za ku sami dadi da kyawawan cucumbers waɗanda suka dace da kayan ado na teburin ku.
