Sauye-sauye na yau da kullun a yanayin yanayi yana tilastawa mutane neman madadin cucumbers a cikin budadden ƙasa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi don rukunin yanar gizon ku shine ƙaramin greenhouse polycarbonate. Girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate yana ba ku damar samun girbi mai kyau a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin yanayi mara kyau, alal misali, a cikin yankin Moscow.
Shuka cucumbers a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate
Kafin girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate, kuna buƙatar yanke shawara a kan wurin da za a tsara kuma zaɓi nau’in cucumbers masu dacewa. Wadannan nau’ikan sun fi dacewa don girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate: Nezhinsky, Talisman, Alliance, Farmer, Masha F1. Dace da irin wannan yanayi da kuma kai pollinated iri. Ba sa buƙatar pollination ta ƙudan zuma, don haka zaka iya shuka su ko da a cikin hunturu.
Shiri na dakin
Kuna iya haɗa firam ɗin tare da hannuwanku daga bayanan ƙarfe ko allon katako. Babban ɓangaren ana kiyaye shi daga zanen polycarbonate. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a samar da tsarin samun iska na farko a gaba don hana yaduwar cututtukan fungal.
Bugu da ƙari, kuna buƙatar shigar da tsarin ban ruwa na drip da aiwatar da hasken wuta don ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau don girma da ci gaban cucumbers. Dole ne a bi da bangon greenhouse tare da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta. Potassium permanganate ne cikakke ga wannan.
Wajibi ne a shigar da trellises a gaba, wanda za a ɗaure bushes. Ya kamata a yi haka don kada foliage ya kwanta a ƙasa, kuma rassan bushes ba su damu da juna ba.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Yawan seedlings zai dogara ne akan girbi, don farawa, kuna buƙatar shirya akwati da ƙasa. Don seedlings, yana da kyau a zaɓi tukwane mai tsayi. Ya kamata a yi ramukan magudanar ruwa a cikin kasan tankuna.
Kuna iya sa ƙasa ta haɗu da kanku ko siyan ƙasa ta duniya a kantin sayar da. Tare da hadawa ta atomatik, ƙasa tana ƙididdigewa da farko a cikin kiln don hana kamuwa da cututtukan shuke-shuke tare da cututtuka da fungi a farkon matakan ci gaba.
An yi cakuda da peat, humus da sawdust a cikin wani rabo na 2: 2: 1. Don tabbatar da ci gaban al’ada da ci gaban cucumbers a mataki na farko, a matsayin taki, kana buƙatar ƙara tablespoon na ash da superphosphates. Kafin shimfiɗa ƙasa, kwantena don noma kuma dole ne a lalata su kuma a wanke su. Sa’an nan kuma kuna buƙatar cika ƙasa kuma ku zuba shi da ruwa. Ya kamata a yi wannan kwana ɗaya kafin dasa tsaba.
Dole ne a haƙa ƙasa har zuwa zurfin 6-10 cm. Sa’an nan kuma taki da taki, peat da sawdust. Don dumama ƙasa, kafin amfani da takin mai magani, gwada dumama tare da ciyawa ko bambaro gauraye da taki.
Daya daga cikin mafi kyau shine takin doki. Yana ba ku damar dumama ƙasa zuwa 70-80 ℃ kuma kashe duk ƙwayoyin cuta. Don yin irin wannan hita ya kamata a yi ƙasa da kwanaki 21 kafin shuka tsaba, in ba haka ba za su ƙone kawai. Madadin abin rufe fuska shine zubar da tsuntsaye. Yana zafi ƙasa zuwa 50-60 ℃ kuma yana ba ku damar kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta, ana amfani da kwanaki 14 kafin dasa.
Seedling namo
Dole ne a ƙazantar da tsaba. Don yin wannan, ana sanya su na minti 20 a cikin wani bayani mai ruwan hoda na potassium permanganate. Bayan haka, ana sanya tsaba a kan kowane masana’anta na halitta kuma ana shayar da ruwa. A cikin wannan hali, ana barin su kwana ɗaya ko fiye har sai sun ƙyanƙyashe. Ana yin shuka yawanci a farkon bazara, kusan ƙarshen Afrilu.
Ya kamata a shuka tsaba a cikin ƙananan indentations, ba fiye da 1.5 cm ba, a yayyafa shi a ƙasa. Tsarin saukarwa 10 × 10 ko 8 × 8. Shuka cucumber a saman ya kamata a rufe shi da fim kuma a sanya shi a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske. Lokacin da harbe na farko ya bayyana, ya kamata a cire fim din. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a sha ruwa ko fesa kowace rana, domin kasar gona ta zama m sosai, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire za su yi girma sosai.
Shuka yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun
Cucumbers suna girma sosai da sauri. Bayan makonni 2, ƙila za ku buƙaci zaɓi a cikin tukwane ko tabarau daban-daban. Ya kamata a cire harbe tare da yanki na ƙasa kuma a dasa su a cikin kwantena daban, tare da ƙasa da aka shirya.
Shuka a cikin wani greenhouse
A gida, seedlings suna haɓaka da sauri. Ana aiwatar da dasawa zuwa ga greenhouse bayan makonni 2-3, lokacin da ganye na gaske 4-5 suka bayyana. Kafin dasa harbe, dole ne a taurare su. Don yin wannan, an sake shirya shuka a wuri mai sanyi. Ana rage yawan zafin jiki a hankali kuma ana motsa su zuwa dakin dumi da dare.
Mako guda kafin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar sake haƙa ƙasa a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate. An kafa gadaje zuwa faɗin 80cm kuma 35cm tsayi a cikin haɓaka 60cm. Bayan haka, ya kamata a ƙara takin mai magani na superphosphate. Kuna iya zuba ƙasa tare da mullein diluted da ruwa kuma ku rufe shi da fim don ya dumi sosai. Ba za a iya dasa shuki cikin ƙasa mai sanyi ba.
A ranar shuka a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate, kuna buƙatar yin ramuka a cikin zurfin da ya dace da tsayin gilashin da tsire-tsire ke girma. An kafa ramukan a cikin layuka 2 tare da nisa na 50 cm. Zuba ruwan dumi a cikin kowane rami. Ana cire tsire-tsire daga tasoshin tare da dunƙule na ƙasa kuma an sanya su a cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya. Ana bada shawara don rufe ƙasa a kusa da tushe tare da sawdust don kiyaye shi da dumi da dumi.
Cuidado
Watse
Kulawa da kyau na cucumbers a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate shine mabuɗin girbi mai kyau. Watering shine babban taron kula da cucumbers. A cikin greenhouse, ya kamata a kiyaye zafi a cikin 75%. Don 1 m2 na ƙasa, za a buƙaci lita 5 na ruwa. A kwanakin zafi, ana yin shayarwa sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 2, sanyi sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 3-4.
Watering ne mafi kyau yi daga 11 zuwa 15 hours. Lokacin da ovaries suka bayyana, ƙara ƙarfin ban ruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar zuba ruwa kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin tushen ba, yana da kyau a samar da furrows don shayarwa kusa da ramuka ko shirya ban ruwa. Cucumbers a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate za su ba da ‘ya’ya a duk shekara idan an tsara duk yanayin wannan da kyau a cikin ɗakin.
Temperatura
Wajibi ne don kare tsire-tsire daga tsalle-tsalle masu zafi
Wani abu da ke shafar girma shine yanayin zafi na al’ada.
- Kada a yi tsalle-tsalle kwatsam.
- A cikin greenhouse, ya kamata a kiyaye zafin jiki a cikin 28 ℃, kuma ƙasa kada a sanyaya ƙasa da 13 в, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire ba za su iya cinye ruwa ba.
- Shuka cucumbers a cikin gadaje iri da kuma a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa ya haɗa da sassauta ƙasa akai-akai.
- Ya kamata a yi noma bayan shayarwa, wannan zai inganta aeration.
Yana da mahimmanci don hawa trellises tare da tsire-tsire za su hau. Don yin wannan, a tsawo na 1.5-2 m, kana buƙatar cire waya a kwance, daga abin da za a rage zaren da ya kai saman bushes. Ana gudanar da gasar lokacin da ganye 6-8 suka bayyana. Ya kamata a dasa harbe na farko na gefe don tsire-tsire suyi girma kawai a sama, kuma ba zuwa tarnaƙi ba.
Saman yana girgiza lokacin da daji ya girma zuwa trellis, in ba haka ba zai kara karkata. Ana gudanar da Pasynkovka akan ganye 2-3, wanda yayi girma sama da ‘ya’yan itace na sama.
Takin ciki
Domin shuka amfanin gona mai kyau a cikin greenhouse, kada mu manta game da hadi. Daga ƙaramin yanki na shuka, ana fitar da abubuwan gina jiki da sauri, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa sukan sha wahala daga rashi bitamin kuma suna ba da ‘ya’ya kaɗan. Yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da takin mai magani a lokacin girma, flowering.
Kafin fure, ana amfani da takin nitrogen da potassium. Babban zaɓi shine ash itace, urea, zubar da tsuntsaye. Ba a shafa zubar da tsuntsu da urea a cikin tsaftataccen tsari, in ba haka ba saiwar tsiron na iya konewa. Bayan ciyarwa, ana bada shawara ga ruwa.
Annoba da cututtuka
Da alama cewa greenhouses da greenhouses ya kamata a dogara kare shuke-shuke daga cututtuka da kuma m harin, amma ya faru da cewa shuke-shuke fara juya rawaya da wilted. Fasahar aikin gona da ba ta dace ba shine ɗayan dalilan farko na cucumbers na iya yin rashin lafiya. Yin duhun ganye yakan nuna rashin samun iskar ɗaki ko yawan ruwa. Gyara halin da ake ciki yana da sauƙi, kawai kuna buƙatar daidaita tsarin tsarin zafin jiki mafi kyau, shayar da ɗakin sau da yawa kuma tsara ruwa mai kyau.
Whitefly tana cin kayan lambu a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa kuma tana yin kyau sosai a yanayin greenhouse. Yana iya haifar da babbar illa ga kowace shuka. Yana ƙaruwa da sauri. Whitefly larvae na iya dawwama a cikin ƙasa da kuma tushen ciyawa. Ana amfani da tarko mai manne don yaki da kwari, a matsayin ma’auni na rigakafi wajibi ne don lalata ƙasa, kayan aikin gona da lalata ciyawa a cikin lokaci.
powdery mildew sau da yawa yana bayyana a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma. White spots tare da spongy tsarin bayyana a kan ganye. A matsayin rigakafi da magani, ana amfani da fesa tare da mullein ko Fitoverm. Aphid kankana yana saurin shan ruwan ‘ya’yan cucumbers, sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire ya bushe. Ana amfani da maganin jan barkono ko foda na taba a matsayin magani.
Kashi na karshe
Polycarbonate greenhouses suna da kyau don girma cucumbers a cikin hunturu ko farkon bazara. Ana iya gina matsuguni don tsire-tsire da hannuwanku, sanin sirrin ingantaccen noma da kula da tsirrai, zaku iya samun girbi mai yawa har ma da shiga cikin ayyukan kasuwanci. Wannan farawa ne mai kyau ga kasuwanci.
Don girma cucumbers masu lafiya, kuna buƙatar bin ka’idodin juyawa amfanin gona, amfani da takin mai magani akan lokaci, kuma tabbatar da yanayi mai kyau na cikin gida. Yana da muhimmanci a zabi daidai tsaba. Yana da kyau a ba da fifiko ga nau’in gyaran gyare-gyaren da aka yi da kai. Girman su abu ne mai sauƙi, kuma suna ba da ‘ya’ya duk shekara.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
