Ga masu lambu da ke zaune a wuraren da ke da yanayi mara kyau don shuka kayan lambu, nau’in nau’in sanyi da hardiness sun dace. Daga cikin nau’ikan kokwamba, furen Siberiya f1, wanda ke samun karbuwa a yankunan arewa, ya zama sananne.
Halayen nau’in kokwamba na Siberiya Garland
Siffar iri-iri
Parthenocarpy.The farkon balagagge matasan, bred a Chelyabinsk da kuma sayar da lokacin rani mazaunin Urals da Gavrish, shi ne kai pollinated. Cucumbers Siberian garland F1 yana ba da ‘ya’ya a kowane yanayi kuma ana iya girma a cikin rufaffiyar greenhouses da a cikin ƙasa buɗe.
An kafa bushes cucumbers masu ƙarfi, tare da foliage na matsakaicin girman. Bisa ga bayanin, kokwamba garland na Siberian yana da launin kore mai duhu da tsawon ba fiye da 8 cm ba, an rufe shi da ƙananan tubers da spikes, dan kadan m.
Halayen iri-iri sun haɗa da manyan halaye:
- nau’in yana cikin nau’in tari, yana samar da kayan lambu 500 a kowane daji ko matsakaicin kilogiram 40 a kowace kilomita 1. m na yanki da aka dasa, ovary ɗaya zai iya samar da ‘ya’yan itatuwa 2,
- farkon cikakke kokwamba matasan yana kawo girbi na farko kwanaki 45 bayan fitowar,
- kayan lambu suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano da ƙamshi bayyananne, m da kintsattse, ba tare da gibba ba, haushi ba ya nan,
- ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari an adana nau’in Siberian na dogon lokaci, har sai bayyanar sanyi,
- yawan amfanin gonakin kokwamba daidai yake da karko, ba tare da la’akari da irin nau’in ƙasa don yin haske ba,
- tsire-tsire yana da tsayayya ga manyan cututtukan cututtuka, kamar powdery mildew, kokwamba mosaic, peronosporosis da launin ruwan kasa;
- nau’in kokwamba yana sauƙin daidaitawa ga canje-canjen yanayi kuma yana jure wa canje-canjen yanayin zafi.
Siberian garland cucumbers sun dace da amfanin kasuwanci, don amfani da gida da kuma amfani da sabo, tare da ganga da adanawa.
Noma iri
An samo tsaba na nau’in nau’in nau’in kokwamba na Siberian garland mai alamar f1 daga kayan lambu da aka haye da hannu na nau’ikan pollinated iri 2, waɗanda aka bambanta da halaye kamar su precocity, nau’in fure da juriya ga cututtukan da ke ƙasa. Farashinsa ya fi girma fiye da na yau da kullun.
An sayar da tsaba na nau’in nau’in nau’in Siberian f1 an riga an tsaftace su kuma sun taurare, a shirye don dasa shuki ba tare da ƙarin hanyoyin shirye-shirye ba.
Girman matasan Siberian daga zuriya fara ba a farkon Afrilu, bayan ranar 15, tare da tsammanin kwanaki 30 don shuka gaba a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin ƙasa mara kariya. Don nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan, ƙasa sanye take da humus, ɓangaren peat, sawdust da ƙasa turf gauraye daidai gwargwado ya dace.
Ana dasa kayan iri zuwa zurfin 2 cm, an yayyafa shi da ƙasa a saman. Yawan tsaba da aka dasa a cikin akwati kada ya wuce ɗaya ko biyu. Wasu lambu suna ƙoƙari su adana tsaba masu tsada ta hanyar dasa shuki ɗaya bayan ɗaya, saboda nau’in yana da ƙimar haɓaka mai yawa, ya kai 95%.
Dokokin noma
Kamar yadda ake noman cucumbers na wasu nau’ikan, ana ba da shawarar siberian garland don shirya ƙasa mai buɗewa a gaba ta hanyar tono ƙasa a cikin fall da ƙara hadadden takin ma’adinai da kwayoyin halitta.
Babban taki ga ƙasa a lokacin noman kokwamba iri-iri na Siberiya Garland ya zama taki wanda ya kwanta akalla shekara guda. Hakanan, ana ƙara gishiri da superphosphates azaman koto.
Don farkon balagagge matasan, ingancin seedlings yana da mahimmanci yayin girma, ana shirya don dasawa cikin ƙasa bayan ganye 3-4 sun bayyana akan akwati mai ƙarfi. Lokacin dasa shuki ƙasa a cikin ƙasa, ana sanya tokar itace a cikin ramuka, kuma bayan tsarin dasa shuki, ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire nan da nan don takin tare da infusions na ganye ko taki.
Samuwar shrub
Ya kamata a kafa daji akan kara guda
Babban aiki yayin kula da cucumbers na Siberiya Za a iya samun kayan ado mai kama da bouquet ta hanyar ingantaccen tsari akan kara. Yana ba da damar bushes kokwamba don jure wa ‘ya’yan itatuwa da yawa, yana ba da damar hasken rana, kuma yana ba da ovaries kokwamba tare da wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki.
Lokacin da daji na kokwamba ya girma zuwa 2 m, danna samansa kuma gyara shi a saman goyon bayan trellis, yana jagorantar ci gaban a kwance.
Tsarin bushing cucumber ya ƙunshi matakai na asali da yawa:
- babban tushe yana ɗaure da goyon bayan trellis,
- furanni da buds suna yanke a farkon sinuses hudu na saman duniya, ganye kawai ya rage,
- a tsakiyar daji bar 2 ovaries da 2 ganye a kan kara, cire sauran.
Girbi
Gogaggen lambu suna ba da shawara don tattara kayan lambu masu girma sau da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu: wannan yana ba da dama ga bayyanar sabon ovaries kuma yana kara lokacin fruiting na kokwamba.
Shuka a cikin greenhouse
Don girma nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in tsiro da shuka (shuka a cikin greenhouse mai zafi ko greenhouse polycarbonate), ana fara shuka a cikin Afrilu. A lokacin shuka, ya kamata a saita tsarin zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse a 16 ° C – 18 ° C. A karkashin irin wannan yanayi, ana iya sa ran saurin fitowar amfanin gona.
A ranar shuka, ƙasa tana da ɗanɗano kuma tana kwance don iskar oxygen. Ana dasa kayan iri a cikin ramuka a nesa na akalla 0.4-0.5 m daga juna.
Yawan bushes da 1 m2. Yankin da aka shuka a cikin greenhouse bai kamata ya wuce 2 ba.
Takin ciki
Ga matasan matasan, hadi ba karamin mahimmanci ba ne, ana shuka shuka a matakai daban-daban na ci gaba:
- Lokacin da harbe kokwamba ya bayyana a matakin farko, ana buƙatar potassium, kuma masu lambu suna amfani da mahaɗan ma’adinai da aka shirya ko ƙara kwayoyin halitta tare da ƙari na zubar da tsuntsaye a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 7, taki a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 4, hadawa superphosphate (15). g), ammonium nitrate (7 g), potassium sulfate (8 g),
- A cikin tsarin fure, ana amfani da boric acid sau da yawa a cikin adadin 0.4 tsp. urea yana shiga cikin guga na ruwa mai lita 10,
- a cikin tushen koto a cikin matakin girma mai aiki, wanda ke buƙatar 40 g a kowace lita 10 na ruwa,
- Takin mai dauke da sinadarin Nitrogen na daga cikin takin da ke aiki a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace da mahadi masu dauke da phosphorus.
Ana aiwatar da hanyoyin hadi na tsire-tsire bayan shayar da bushes na kokwamba a ranakun dumi, damina.
Liga
Lokacin da ake girma garland Siberian a cikin greenhouse, ya zama tilas a yi amfani da trellises don amfanin gona na kokwamba, wanda
Bude filin noma
Bisa ga bayanin, lokacin da ake girma matasan a cikin ƙasa marar karewa, yana da mahimmanci don samun babban goyon baya ga shuka, wanda ya sa ya fi sauƙi don tallafawa yawancin kayan lambu masu girma. Girbi furen Siberiya ya zama wurin da ya dace.Wannan nau’in ya fi son wurare masu duhu, sabili da haka, idan babu irin waɗannan wurare masu duhu a cikin lambun, kuna buƙatar shuka amfanin gona da ke kare kariya daga hasken rana kusa (masara) ko gina kariya ta wucin gadi. Way, ƙyale shi ya jiƙa don pre-germination.
Aikin dasa shuki ba ya farawa kafin farkon – tsakiyar watan Mayu, kuma seedlings sun riga sun girma kuma sun sanya su a cikin ƙasa kusa da ƙarshen su. A cikin yankunan arewa, ƙasar ta keɓe tare da taki ko humus, ya kai zurfin 0.3 m.
Abincin
Ana yin hadi na garland Siberian a matakai daban-daban na ci gaban al’adun kokwamba kuma ana iya yin su bisa ga ka’idodin koto lokacin girma a cikin greenhouse. A cikin ƙasa marar karewa, haɗarin lalacewa ga shuka kokwamba daga cututtuka da kwari yana ƙaruwa. A kan wannan, lambu sukan yi amfani da maganin rigakafi tare da infusions na ash da sabulu (1 tbsp. L na ash da 10 g na kowane sabulu da 20 l) ko maganin kiwo (1 l na madara, 30 saukad da iodine da 20 g na sabulu). .
Horo
Ana ba da shawarar samar da nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) wanda aka girma a cikin ƙasa marar karewa, wannan wani ɓangare ne na kulawa, duk da haka, sake dubawa game da lambun lambun da suka fi son adana lokaci cewa ba tare da samuwar cucumbers ba, ana samun sakamako mai kyau.
