Girma cucumbers akan trellis a cikin buɗe ƙasa shine mafita mai amfani don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau don girma cucumbers. Cikakkun ci gabanta. Gine-gine na musamman na trellis suna kiyaye bushes kokwamba a tsaye kuma suna ba da garantin aiki mai kyau.
Girma cucumbers akan trellis
Bayanin hanyar
Yawancin mazauna lokacin rani sun san da kansu cewa lokacin da ake girma kokwamba, bushes ɗin kayan lambu suna bazuwa cikin hulɗa da saman ƙasa. Ana samun kofuna na kokwamba kai tsaye a ƙasa, sakamakon abin da ke haifar da cututtuka masu yawa, daga cikinsu akwai babban abokin gaba na noman kokwamba, powdery mildew, da sauri ya fadi daga ƙasa zuwa ga ganye da kayan lambu. na cututtuka shine babban zafi wanda aka halicce shi a cikin kurmin kokwamba.
Haɗarin cututtuka tare da sauƙin noman kokwamba na amfanin gona mai sauƙi yana ƙaruwa sosai a lokutan damina na bazara.
Amfanin
Girma kokwamba akan trellises yana ba ku damar:
- a tabbatar da cewa tsiron yana da iskar iska sosai kuma a ko’ina ya yi zafi da rana sosai, wanda ke yin rigakafin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal da ruɓaɓɓen raunuka na tsire-tsire ba tare da amfani da sinadarai na musamman ba,
- amfani da hankali na yankin da aka dasa, wanda babu shakka zai shafi adadin yawan amfanin ƙasa da aka samu a cikin kaka,
- haifar da mafi kyawun haske don dasa kokwamba gaba ɗaya,
- don kafa mahimmancin microclimate wanda canje-canjen zafin rana ba zai shafa ba,
- hanzarta lokacin girbi na kayan lambu ta hanyar yin amfani da tsarin photosynthesis,
- rage asarar girbin kokwamba ta hanyar rage yawan lalata kayan lambu,
- fadada fasaha
- yana haifar da yanayi masu dacewa don kula da bushes.
Tun lokacin rani mazauna sun ce suna girma cucumbers a kan trellis, yawan amfanin ƙasa za a iya ƙara akalla sau biyu tare da wannan hanya.
Tsarin shigarwa
Tsarin trellis don girma cucumbers ya haɗa da amfani da ginshiƙan tallafi da waya ta ƙarfe (waya) da aka haɗa da su, grid na katako ko tarun trellis. Don gina tsarin trellis, an zaɓi wurin da ke kan filin don haka saman saman ƙasa ya kasance mai lebur, zai fi dacewa a gefen kudu, inda ba a iya ganin iskoki da zane-zane.
Tsarin ginshiƙi
Mafi sau da yawa, don ƙirƙirar trellis goyon baya ga cucumbers, lambu dauki a matsayin tushen karfe ko katako sanduna da kuma ƙarfafa kankare tara. Ana ƙididdige tsayin ginshiƙan don nau’ikan cucumbers da kuka zaɓa suna da isasshen girma a tsayi. Yawanci tsawon yana da akalla 2 m tare da zurfin 0.5 m a cikin ƙasa. An binne ginshiƙan a nesa na mita 3-4 daga juna, suna jawo kebul na kwance tsakanin ginshiƙan, wanda aka haɗa ragar filastik.
Maimakon waya, zaka iya amfani da igiya na katako. An bayyana dacewarsa ta gaskiyar cewa, ba kamar igiyar waya ba, ba za ta lanƙwasa ƙarƙashin nauyin itacen inabi na kokwamba ba.
Tsarin Slat
Har ila yau, ana amfani da firam ɗin katako na katako a matsayin tushen noman cucumbers a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Don yin irin wannan trellis, za ku buƙaci slats tare da sel na 15-20 cm. Hanyar shiryayye na girma cucumbers shine mafi ƙarancin lokaci, tun da yake yana yiwuwa a yi babban gasar kokwamba harbe sau ɗaya, rassan daga baya da kansa ya shimfiɗa. su katako na katako, suna manne da eriya zuwa goyan baya. a cikin nau’i na shinge mai shinge.
Saukowa a kan trellises
Lokacin dasa shuki, kiyaye nisa tsakanin bushes
Shuka cucumbers lokacin girma a kan trellis a cikin buɗe ƙasa tare da tsaba da aka ba da shawarar don seedlings a cikin layi (jere) don sanya nisa ta tsakiya tsakanin layuka bai wuce 1,5 m ba kuma tsire-tsire na Mezhuyev rata kokwamba ba zai zama 15-20cm ba. Lokacin dasa shuki iri-iri na kokwamba, matsakaicin nisa tsakanin bushes yana ƙaruwa zuwa 0.5-0.7 m.
Shuka
Shuka a bude ƙasa yana farawa lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi har zuwa 12 -15 ° C. Zurfin shuka bai kamata ya wuce 5 cm ba. An dasa tsaba da ƙananan harbe da farko sun sami mafaka don samar da zafi mai mahimmanci. Ba a cire kayan da aka rufe ba har sai ganye 5-6 sun girma akan seedlings.
Don hanzarta ripening na cucumbers a kan trellises a cikin bude ƙasa, za ku iya dasa amfanin gona a cikin hanyar seedling. Ana dasa tsire-tsire na cucumber a cikin ƙasa lokacin da akwai ganye 2-3 da aka haɓaka akan seedling.
Watse
Ruwa cucumbers a lokacin da girma a kan trellises a bude ƙasa ta watering. Ana shayar da bishiyoyin kokwamba a tsaye da daddare, ba kamar waɗanda ake girma a cikin greenhouse ba, wanda dole ne a shayar da shi da safe. Lokacin da hanyoyin ban ruwa amfani da sprinkler watering gwangwani, kokarin ruwa a kasa da tushen, ba tare da fadowa a kan foliage. Ruwa don ban ruwa na cucumbers akan trellises yana mai zafi zuwa 25 ° C, kuma mitar da girma ya dogara da matakin lokacin girma kuma yana bin wani tsari:
- har sai inflorescences na farko ya bayyana, shayarwa ya kamata ya zama matsakaici, lita 3-6 ga kowane murabba’in murabba’in yankin da aka dasa, tare da mitar kwanaki 5-7,
- a cikin lokacin fure, samuwar ovaries kuma lokacin da ganye suka bayyana, ana shayar da ruwa, 6-12 lita a kowace 1 m2 na yankin da aka shuka, tare da mitar kowane kwanaki 2-3.
- a cikin yanayin sanyi kuma tare da farkon kaka, ana rage yawan hanyoyin shayarwa don kada ya haifar da bayyanar rot a cikin tushen tsarin.
Abincin
Lokacin girma cucumbers a kan trellis a cikin bude ƙasa, ana amfani da takin sau da yawa kamar lokacin da aka saba noman kayan lambu – cucumbers.
- ana ciyar da su da farko a farkon tsarin fure.
- Ana ciyar da na biyu da na gaba tare da tazara na makonni 2.
Jimlar yawan takin cucumbers shine 5-6 na duk lokacin aikin lambu.
Garter da shrub samuwar
Lokacin da trellis ke tsiro cucumbers, fasahar garter da samar da bushes akan tallafi ba ƙaramin mahimmanci bane.
Liga
Daidai daura shafukan kokwamba zuwa mariƙin trellis, yi haka ta amfani da dogayen daure ko laces a saman sandar. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da yarn na roba azaman abu mai dacewa. Don yin wannan, kowane kwanaki 3-4, an nannade rassan da suka girma a kusa da garter tare da daidaitattun daidaito.
Hanyoyin da aka yarda da su na ɗaure su ne ƙulli ko baka, wanda, yayin da tsire-tsire ke girma da kuma a karshen kakar wasa, ana iya kwance su cikin sauƙi.
Samuwar shrub
Tsarin daidaitaccen tsari na daji ya dogara da nawa cucumbers a kan trellis a cikin buɗe ƙasa za su samar da tarin ganye guda ɗaya kuma suyi girma zuwa girman da ake so a matakin ‘ya’yan itace. Tsarin tsunkule ya ƙunshi cire ƴan uwa, furanni, da ovaries a ƙasan tushe. Tare da ci gaba da girma na daji kokwamba, kawai matakai na gefe sun kasance, suna yin tsinkaya lokacin da suka isa wani tsayi.
Dokokin pinch suna buƙatar bin tsarin a matakai da yawa:
- idan akwai aƙalla ganye 5, ban da cotyledons, cire duk ‘ya’yan uwa, inflorescences da ovaries,
- a lokacin girma na ganye 6-9, an cire ‘ya’yan uwa kuma an cire ovary 1,
- a cikin girma na ganye 10-15, kawai ɗan ɗaki na farko da ganye biyu da duk ovaries, an cire duk sauran harbe.
- akan ganye 16 ko fiye, 1 stepson ya rage tare da ganye uku da ovary ɗaya, an cire sauran harbe.
A lokacin da za a isa babban kokwamba Tare da lash a saman goyon bayan trellis, an ɗaure shi a kusa da trellis kuma a sauke shi don ƙarin girma zuwa saman duniya. 0.8-0.9 m zuwa ƙasa, saman bulalar kokwamba yana truncated.
