Kulawar da ba ta dace ba, tare da mummunan yanayin muhalli da kwari, yana haifar da cututtukan kokwamba. Daga cikin manyan matsalolin da masu lambu ke fuskanta, ana lura da bushewar gangar jikin shuka. Yi la’akari da dalilin da ya sa tushen kokwamba ya bushe.
Dalilan da bushe kokwamba mai tushe
Insectos
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abokan gaba na cucumbers shine kwari, saboda masu tushe na cucumbers sun bushe:
- Lokacin da ake shuka kayan lambu a cikin fili, kwari suna ba da matsala mai yawa. Babban alamar lalacewar su shine canza launi na saman harbe. Idan ba a dauki matakan cikin lokaci ba, daji kokwamba ya bushe. A cikin tsire-tsire matasa, lalacewa ta fara a gindin gangar jikin. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ƙwai a cikin ƙasa. Suna huda gwiwa ta submucosal a cikin tsire-tsire kuma suna shiga cikin tushe.
- Kokwamba gnat yana da illa musamman ga amfanin gona na greenhouse; kwaro na shiga cikin ƙasa tare da taki. Larvae suna yin ramuka a cikin rassan kokwamba, suna keta tsarin tushe kuma suna sa daji ya mutu.
- A cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, aphids squash suna bayyana akan cucumbers a kusa da ƙarshen lokacin rani, da kuma a cikin greenhouses da ƙananan wuraren mafaka na fim a cikin bazara. A wannan lokacin, haifuwa mai aiki na kwari yana faruwa, tsire-tsire na lambun an rufe su gaba ɗaya. Ganyen suna murɗawa sun faɗi, kuma an rufe harbe da ƙananan fashe masu launin rawaya kuma sun bushe da sauri.
Yana da sauƙi a jimre wa kwari. Aiki a kan gadaje yana farawa tare da nazarin amfanin gonar lambu. Idan an samu kwari, nan take sai su dauki matakin yakar su. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya rage girman lalacewa kuma ku adana amfanin gona.
Mosaic
Cututtuka daban-daban na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kuma na iya haifar da bushewa. Ba shi yiwuwa a warkar da su: dole ne a cire shuka mara lafiya.
Alamun Mosaic: ganyen sun juya rawaya kuma suna murƙushe, mai tushe na cucumbers matasa sun bushe. Wani fasali na mosaic shine babban tsaga a gindin tushe. Cutar tana haifar da kwayar cutar kokwamba. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa ne kawai a lokacin hulɗar ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daya shuka tare da wani. Wannan na iya faruwa lokacin ɗaure ko cire ƙarin ganye.
Kwayoyin cuta cikin natsuwa suna mamaye sharar kwayoyin kuma ana tura su zuwa cucumbers aphid. Tushen kamuwa da cuta kuma shine tsaba da aka tattara daga tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cuta.
Bakar rube
Mafi yawan kamuwa da cuta wanda matasa kokwamba ke bushewa daga gare su shine gasasshen baƙar fata. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa idan:
- an keta dokokin dasawa,
- kasa ta riga ta kamu da cutar.
- kayan shuka shine mai ɗaukar cutar.
Saboda wannan cuta, ganye suna haskakawa kuma suna bushewa, ci gaban kokwamba yana tsayawa, kara a gindin ya bushe kuma ya bushe. Dajin kokwamba yana mutuwa saboda bushewar tushen gaba ɗaya. Matsayin girma na apical na ɗan lokaci ya kasance cikakke lafiya kuma baya kama bushewa.
Wuraren launin toka mai launin ja alama ce ta ɓata launin toka. Yana rinjayar duk sassan iska na toho kuma yana haifar da bushewa da sauri.
Rashin bakin ciki na mai tushe yana nuna shan kashi na sclerotiniosis. Sassan daji daban-daban suna lulluɓe da fararen furanni, waɗanda sannu a hankali suka zama ɗigon baƙi. Tare da babban zafi, seedling yayi laushi, laushi da rube. Maimakon haka, yana bushewa sosai idan an daina shayarwa. Jiyya yana da ma’ana kawai a matakin farin plaque. Sa’an nan kuma kuna buƙatar cire shi daga gonar ko greenhouse kuma ku ƙone shi daga gonar.
Cututtukan naman gwari
Anthracnose ko jan karfe
Cuta na iya kashe shuka
Anthracnose ko tagulla cuta ce mai tsanani, suna iya cutar da amfanin gona lokacin amfani da kayan da suka kamu da cutar da kuma lokacin aiki tare da ƙasa mara lafiya. Ana lura da yaduwar cutar lokacin da aka shayar da daji kokwamba tare da ruwan sanyi kuma tare da canje-canje na zazzabi. Cutar ta zama ruwan dare musamman a lokacin bazara-bazara da lokacin rani-faɗi kuma tana tabarbarewa a yanayin damina da raɓa mai nauyi. A ‘ya’yan itatuwa shrivel, rot da kuma juya m, su mai tushe partially bushe, duk da yawan danshi.
Farin fure
Launi mai launin toka tare da aibobi masu ruwan hoda (kasa da yawa dan kadan ja) akan ganyen sune mildew powdery. Tushen ya fara bushewa saboda duhu, wurare masu laushi a tushen. Wannan cuta na iya yaduwa zuwa wasu tsire-tsire a cikin lambun, kuma tana yin haka musamman cikin sauri a cikin yanayin girgije.
Peronosporosis
Peronosporosis, ko mildew, yana daya daga cikin mafi haɗari. fungal cututtuka na namowa. Al’ada tana ƙarƙashinsa a kowane zamani. Peronosporosis za a iya ƙayyade lokacin da shrub ke cikin wani mataki na girma. Ƙananan busassun faci tare da veins suna bayyana akan harbe. Suna zuwa a cikin nau’i na murabba’ai ko triangles. Sai ganyen da karan su bushe su ruguje. Ana dukan tsiron kokwamba daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Cutar na yaduwa da sauri, saboda iska ce ke daukar kwayar cutar.
Cladosporiosis
Saboda bambance-bambancen zafin jiki mai ƙarfi tare da haɓaka zafi, kamuwa da cuta na fungal yana tasowa – cladosporiosis ko spots zaitun mai launin ruwan kasa. Itacen yana kamuwa da cuta lokacin da spores suka hadu. Saukowa suna bayyana a saman ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren, taurin kai, fata na ‘ya’yan itace ya fashe, karkatarwa, ƙananan ovaries sun mutu. Bugu da kari, da mai tushe na cucumbers kuma bushe fita.
ƙarshe
Cututtuka, cututtuka na kwayan cuta da na fungal da kwari suna lalata ba kawai mai tushe na kokwamba ba, har ma da ganye, furanni da ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Idan bayyanar aƙalla ganye ɗaya ya canza, ya kamata ku bincika duk shuka a hankali. A cikin yanayin greenhouse, duk tsire-tsire suna shafar, tun da babban zafi, kamuwa da cuta yana yaduwa da sauri. Idan kun taimaka shuka a cikin lokaci, zai daina bushewa kuma zai sake faranta amfanin gonakin.
Don rigakafin cututtukan kokwamba, wajibi ne a kula da disinfection na ƙasa, yi amfani da tsaba da aka tabbatar don seedlings. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar a guji shuka tsire-tsire masu yawa, kiyaye tsarin ban ruwa, kula da jujjuya amfanin gona, da tattara ‘ya’yan itace a kan kari.
