Mazauna lokacin rani sukan shuka kayan lambu ta amfani da tsire-tsire. Hanyar yana kawo sakamako mai sauri a cikin ‘ya’yan itace. Dashen kokwamba, ko girbi, shine lokaci mai mahimmanci a cikin tsarin girma.
Transplants Matasa kokwamba seedlings
Dokokin dasawa
Tsire-tsire suna shirye don dasawa kwanaki 25-30 bayan shuka tsaba. A wannan yanayin, wasu nau’i-nau’i na koren kore masu duhu da tsarin tushen rauni sun riga sun samo asali. Wannan yana bawa cucumbers damar dasawa ba tare da lalacewa ba.
Yankin girma
Lokacin dasawa, ana la’akari da yankin shuka kayan lambu. Sabili da haka, a cikin yankunan kudancin, saukowa a cikin ƙasa mai budewa zai iya faruwa tun kafin kwanakin da aka tsara. A yankin arewa, tsarin zafin jiki na iya canzawa, kuma dole ne a jinkirta dasawa na kwanaki da yawa. Babban abu shine cewa tsire-tsire suna da ƙarfi, tare da kulawa mai kyau za su ba da girbi mai kyau.
Lokacin dasawa
Lokacin dasawa ya dogara da wurin dasa shuki:
- greenhouse – 2-3rd shekaru goma na Afrilu,
- filin bude tare da fim – shekaru goma na uku na Mayu,
- bude filin – farkon shekaru goma na Yuni.
Temperatura
Matsakaicin zafin jiki a lokacin dasawa ya kamata ya kasance aƙalla 15-16 ° C. Idan zazzabi ya faɗi kuma ya tsaya ƙasa da 12 ° C, tsire-tsire za su yi girma kuma su mutu. Tushen tsarin a wannan zafin jiki ba zai iya sha ruwa tare da abubuwa masu amfani ba. Ana samun abinci mai gina jiki ta cikin leaflets, kuma tun da dashen cucumbers ba su da irin wannan, tsire-tsire ba za su iya samun abubuwan gina jiki ba.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Tsire-tsire na cucumber suna da tushe na dogon lokaci. Tushen a cikin wannan yanayin yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da kwari. Don kare tsire-tsire, suna shirya ƙasa.
Don lalata ƙasa, ana amfani da bayani na potassium permanganate. Ana tayar da 1 g na manganese a cikin buckets na ruwa 2 kuma an noma shi. Wannan yana lalata tsutsa da ke zaune a cikin ƙasa.
Ana bada shawara don sarrafa gadaje tare da maganin phytosporin. Ana yin wannan a cikin bazara ko kaka.
Ƙasa tana ciyarwa. Kafin a tono ƙasa, yi ruɓaɓɓen takin ko takin.
Mako guda kafin dashen kokwamba, ana gabatar da sabon taki zuwa zurfin kusan 5 cm don ta dumama ƙasa amma ba ta ƙone tushen tsire-tsire ba.
Bude filin dashen
Dasa shuki kokwamba ya fi kama dashi. Maganar ƙasa shine cewa tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin tanki ba a haƙa su daga ƙasa ba, amma an haƙa da shi. Wannan hanyar ba ta cutar da tushen tsarin ba.
Dasawa a hankali
Kuna iya sanya seedlings a hanyoyi uku:
- sauki (tazarar jeri – ba fiye da 60-70 cm ba),
- tef (an shimfiɗa seedlings a jere a nesa na 80 ana gani),
- layuka masu fadi (tsari suna da 30 cm baya, nisa tsakanin layuka shine 1 m).
Ba shi da daraja dasa shuki seedlings zurfi. Tushen seedlings ya kamata a kasance kusa da saman. Zurfafa ganye iri ɗaya yana haifar da ruɓewar tushen.
Wurin da ake shuka ya kamata ya haskaka da kyau don kada sauran tsire-tsire ko bishiyoyi su haifar da inuwa. Zai fi kyau a dasa shuki a rana mai duhu da dare.
Idan an girma seedlings a cikin tukwane ko kofuna na filastik, suna da sauƙin samu. An ce gandun daji yana da fa’ida yana da siffar mazugi. Dole ne ƙasa ta bushe, don kawar da ita ya isa ya juya akwati da girgiza. Shuka zai kasance tare da ƙasa ba tare da lalata tushen ba.
Idan seedlings girma a cikin kwalaye, kasar gona ne pre-shayar. Sai kawai bayan wannan, ana haƙa seedlings a hankali tare da ƙasa. An fi yin wannan da ƙaramin felu, ba hannuwanku ba. Ba shi da daraja matsawa da ƙaddamar da dunƙulewar ƙasa, saboda tushen bazai iya daidaitawa ba. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa mutuwar seedling.
Ruwa ramin don dasa cucumbers, kuma an cire seedling a hankali daga tukunya ko gilashi tare da ƙasa. Bayan dasa shuki a kusa da hannayenku, ƙaddamar da ƙasa. Don adana danshi, ana yayyafa wurin dasa shuki tare da busasshiyar ƙasa ko bambaro.
Dasawa zuwa ga greenhouse
Dasa cucumbers zuwa greenhouse yana farawa a ƙarshen Afrilu kuma wannan ya dogara da tsari da tsarin yanayi na greenhouse. Idan greenhouse ya yi zafi, isasshen haske ya shiga cikinsa, ana iya dasa shi a zazzabi na 13 ° C sama da sifili.
Tsarin dasawa zai gudana a matakai da yawa:
- Shirye-shiryen ƙasa. Ƙara zubar da tsuntsaye da superphosphates. Sau da yawa ƙara itacen ash da urea don cikakken ciyar da tsiron.
- Shiri na gadaje. Ana yin gadaje a cikin mako guda. Don kare kariya daga bushewa, an rufe su da filastik filastik. Ana sanya rijiyoyin a nesa na 50-60 cm. Domin tsire-tsire su sami isasshen adadin zafi da rana, an shimfiɗa su a cikin tsari na checkerboard.
- Shuka seedlings a cikin ƙasa. Ana cire su a hankali kuma an koma wani sabon wuri. Yayyafa ƙasa bushe ko peat tare da sawdust.
- Rike gashin gashin kokwamba. Don yin wannan, ja igiya mai tsayi 1.5-2 m tare da gadaje.
Tsarin ban ruwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse. Ba a ba da shawarar yin shayarwa tare da tiyo ba: rafi na ruwa yana lalata ƙasa, kuma ƙananan harbe suna lalata tushen.
Gidan greenhouse yana kula da yanayin zafi mafi kyau. Ranar ya kamata ya zama akalla 20 ° C, kuma da dare – 18 ° C. Tare da samuwar ‘ya’yan itatuwa, yawan zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa 20-24 ° C. Bambanci a cikin zafin jiki yana rinjayar dandano amfanin gona.
Yanayin zafi a cikin greenhouse ya kamata ya zama akalla 80%, kuma lokacin ‘ya’yan itace – 90%. Ana fesa bushes na cucumber lokaci-lokaci. Idan babu isasshen zafi da zafi, ‘ya’yan itatuwa za su kasance masu ɗaci da karkatarwa.
Idan kayan lambu sun ji rauni a baya a cikin greenhouse, dole ne a maye gurbin ƙasa gaba ɗaya. Don lalata greenhouse, yi amfani da maganin bleach. 400 g an diluted a cikin 10 l na ruwa, ganuwar suna fari tare da sakamakon sakamakon, suna ba da kulawa ta musamman ga firam.
Seedling kula
Watse
Ban ruwa yana da matukar muhimmanci ga tsirrai
Daya daga cikin manyan yanayin girma shuka – watering. A cikin kwanakin farko bayan dasawa, yana da mahimmanci musamman. Ana shayar da shi a hankali a ƙarƙashin daji ta hanyar kwanon shayarwa ko tukwane. Ruwa mai zafi zuwa 25 ° C. Ruwan dumi yana hana kamuwa da cuta.
Ƙasar laka ba kasafai ake shayar da ita ba, amma tana da yawa saboda tana riƙe da ɗanshi tsawon lokaci. Haske, ƙasa mai yashi yana buƙatar shayarwa akai-akai a cikin ƙananan allurai.
Haskewa
An rufe tsire-tsire da aka dasa don mako na farko a cikin yanayin rana. Don wannan dalili, yi amfani da fim, raga ko akwatunan kwali, kwalabe na filastik. A karkashin tsari, an haifar da tasirin tururi, wanda ya ba da damar dasa shuki don yin tushe mafi kyau. Amma tare da wannan hanyar, ƙasa ba ta da iska sosai: hasken rana na iya dumama saman zuwa babban zafin jiki, wanda tsire-tsire za su mutu kawai. Tsire-tsire da aka ɗaure da su za su sami isasshen hasken rana.
Abincin
Lokaci-lokaci sassauta ƙasa, cire ciyawa. Tufafin saman foliar yana ba da abubuwa masu amfani kuma yana haɓaka tsarin haɓaka. Ana fesa cucumbers tare da maganin urea, ana diluting 5 g a kowace lita 1 na ruwa. Ana yin irin wannan suturar saman a cikin yanayin girgije, yayin da shuka ke samun ƙonewa a lokacin rana.
Ba a yi fiye da 3-4 kayan yaji ba a lokacin kakar:
- Bayan dasawa, ba fiye da 60 g na superphosphate da 1 tbsp. l urea da 10 l na ruwa,
- A lokacin fure, 10 g na ruwa ƙara 20 g na potassium nitrate, 40 g na superphosphate da 30 g na ammonium nitrate;
- a lokacin fruiting 2 tbsp. l potassium nitrate an diluted a cikin lita 10 na ruwa.
- don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, shirya wani bayani na lita 10 na ruwa da 1 tablespoon. l shan soda
Kuna iya ciyar da cucumbers tare da takin gargajiya. Organics, alal misali, datti, ana diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 8. Ana amfani da taki bayan shayarwa ko ruwan sama, yawancin maganin an zubar da shi a cikin ƙananan sassa a ƙarƙashin tushen.
Don yin rassan kokwamba, tsunkule a cikin 5-6 ganye na gaskiya.
ƙarshe
Domin dashen matasan kokwamba ya yi nasara, kuna buƙatar sanin manyan abubuwa guda uku: lokacin da za a dasa, yadda za a shirya ƙasa da dasa yadda ya kamata. Sanin waɗannan asirin kuma a hankali sake dasa seedlings, za ku iya samun girbi mai kyau da dadi.
