Ana aiwatar da jerin hanyoyin aikin gona don samun girbi mai yawa. Kuskure masu kisa galibi suna faruwa a wuraren da masu lambu ke da kasala don biyan mafi ƙarancin buƙatu. Yaya ake shuka tsaba kokwamba? Za mu shiga cikin cikakken tsari daki-daki.
Dasa cucumbers tare da tsaba
Mafi kyawun lokaci
Kayan lambu yana da zafi sosai, don haka ba zai bunƙasa a lokacin sanyi ba. Yana da mahimmanci cewa yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullum yana kiyaye sama da 10 ° C. Kafin dasa shuki tsaba kokwamba a cikin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa lokacin sanyi na dare ya ƙare. A cikin kwanaki da yawa, manoma na gwaji suna yin ma’aunin sarrafa ƙasa sannan su shuka lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi har zuwa 15 ° C.
Dole ne a dasa tsaba a gaba. Don nau’ikan greenhouses, ana shirya bushes a wata daya kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa Don gine-ginen greenhouse, kwanaki 25 sun isa don haɓakawa, don mafakar fim na wucin gadi – aƙalla makonni 2.
Don Middle Belt, mafi kyawun lokacin aikin noma shine Mayu. A wannan lokacin, iskar yamma da kudu suna mamaye, don haka haɗarin sanyi kwatsam da dare yana raguwa. Babu takamaiman kwanakin saukowa, saboda yanayin yana bambanta kowace shekara. Sau da yawa suna kula da seedlings na dankali, beets ko albasa: idan tsire-tsire suna girma sosai, to ba za a sami sanyi ba.
Cucumbers suna ɗaukar lokaci don girma daga tsaba kuma su samar da ‘ya’yan itace. Duk ya dogara ne akan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan yanayi da halayen yanayi na yankin, amma ba al’ada ba ne don aiwatar da aikin noma a ƙarshen Yuni.
Shirye-shiryen shafin
Ɗaya daga cikin sharuɗɗan da ya dace na noman kokwamba shine abinci mai gina jiki. A cikin kaka, ana amfani da takin gargajiya da na ma’adinai marasa zurfi, yana barin su su lalace har sai bazara. A cikin yankunan arewa, wurin yana cike da sabon taki, ana gina gine-gine masu dumi a cikin bazara. A farkon lokacin agrarian, ana lalata ƙasa daga fungi tare da maganin jan karfe sulfate.
Idan ba za a iya shirya sarari don cucumbers ba, za a canza aikin daidai zuwa bazara. Da zarar dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, sai su tono ƙasa da takin mai gina jiki. Mafi kyawun girke-girke don murabba’in 1. m:
- takin – 1 guga,
- itace ash – 500 g,
- superfosfato – 25 g,
- potassium chloride – 5 g
Kafin dasa cucumbers tare da tsaba, kuna buƙatar kammala rushewar rukunin yanar gizon don noma. Tsire-tsire suna da kyau a cikin dogayen gadaje tare da tazarar jeri wanda bai wuce 40 cm ba. Don adana isasshen sarari don kayan lambu, barin sarari na kusan 20 cm tsakanin bushes.
sarrafa iri
Don haɓaka yuwuwar samun amfanin gona mai fa’ida, ana aiwatar da shirye-shiryen farko na kayan iri.
Don ƙayyade ingancin tsaba kuma zaɓi masu lafiya a gida, kuna buƙatar sanya hatsi a cikin 1% bayani na potassium permanganate na minti 20. Pop-ups ba su dace da noma ba.
Matsakaicin rayuwar shiryayye na tsaba shine shekaru 9, bayan haka sun rasa kaddarorin su.
Ana shirya tsaba don dasa shuki
Kafin dasa kokwamba, tsaba yawanci ana lalata su a cikin mafita na musamman. Hanyar bai dace da ƙwararrun hybrids masu rufi tare da Layer na shirye-shiryen kariyar abinci mai gina jiki ba. Jiƙa talakawa varietal iri cewa ba shãfe haske a dragees.
Don magance cututtukan da za su iya ci gaba a cikin toho, an cire tsaba a cikin magungunan antibacterial. ‘Fitosporin-M’, wanda aka diluted bisa ga umarnin, yana yaƙar tushen rot da bacteriosis, waɗanda sune annoba na seedlings. Kafin dasa shuki, ana barin iri a cikin shirye-shiryen na tsawon sa’o’i 2, bayan haka an bushe shi a kan adiko na goge baki.
Dole ne ku germinate tare da amincewa da ingancin tsaba. Don yin wannan, don kwana ɗaya, ana barin tsaba na kowane kokwamba a cikin wani bayani mai gina jiki, bayan haka an nannade su a cikin wani zane mai laushi. An rufe kayan a cikin kwalba mai haske, an sake shirya shi a wuri mai dumi. Bayan kwanaki 2, tsire-tsire masu rai suna yin tushe.
Shuka
Don seedlings
Ta hanyar zabar shuka ta wannan hanyar, zaku iya samun amfanin gona makonni 2 a baya fiye da dasa shuki na yau da kullun. Ana kiyaye al’ada na kwanaki 25 akan sill taga ko a cikin greenhouse. Ana shuka tsaba na kowane kokwamba a cikin tukwane na peat cike da cakuda mai gina jiki. An zuba 2 cm na sawdust da 7 cm na ƙasa (ƙasa, ash da peat) a cikin kasan akwati, ‘yan santimita kaɗan sun rage daga saman gefen.
Ana yin rami a cikin wurin zama tare da yatsa, bayan haka an sanya iri tare da kaifi mai kaifi ƙasa. A zurfin 5 cm, tsire-tsire suna haɓaka asalinsu, sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire suna girma sosai. Tare da ƙaramin saman saman, amfanin gona ya zama rashin lafiya kuma ya raunana. Fesa ƙasa daga kwalban fesa, rufe shi da polyethylene kuma bar shi a wuri mai dumi, mai haske don tsinke.
Cuidado
Lokacin da yanayi ya yi kyau, seedlings suna bayyana bayan kwanaki 3.
An cire fim ɗin daga iya aiki, kuma ana rage yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun zuwa 20 ° C, da dare – zuwa 16 ° C. Liana yana da tsarin tushe mai rauni da mahimmanci, don haka duk aiki tare da tsire-tsire ana aiwatar da su daidai gwargwadon yiwuwar. . Lokacin dasa shuki a wurin ci gaba akai-akai, ramukan suna yage gwargwadon girman tukunyar.
Muddin tsiron ya yi girma, suna samar da hasken rana na awanni 14. Idan babu isasshen hasken UV, tsire-tsire suna da rauni kuma suna elongated. Lokacin da aka girma ba tare da phytolamps ba, kwantena wani lokaci suna juya daga rana.
Mako guda kafin ranar da ya wajaba don dasa bushes a wuri na dindindin, wajibi ne don aiwatar da aikin hardening. Idan ba ku yi watsi da wani muhimmin al’amari ba, kurangar inabi a ƙasa za su yi rauni. A hankali rage yawan zafin jiki, saba da tsire-tsire zuwa rana ta halitta, daren jiya an bar shi ya kwana a sararin sama.
A cikin bude filin
Ana yin shuka tare da busassun iri da germinated. . Tsire-tsire bai kamata ya wuce 0,5 cm ba, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire za su yi rashin lafiya da rauni. An kafa gadaje a gaba, barin tsakanin bushes kimanin 15-20 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka – 40 cm.
Ana aiwatar da shuka a zurfin 5 cm, ana saukar da kofe 6 na albarkatun ƙasa a cikin kowane rami. Lokacin da aka shuka shi kai tsaye cikin ƙasa, iri zai kwanta a kwance, yana mai da hankali kada ya juye ƙarshensa. Yayin da suke girma, kurangar inabi marasa ƙarfi suna da ƙarfi, masu ƙarfi za su ba da girbi mai yawa.
Bayan an gama shuka iri, ana shayar da ƙasa a hankali da ruwan dumi, tsaba na cucumber suna kula da yanayin zafi, don haka ruwan ban ruwa bai kamata ya yi sanyi ba. Idan sanyi zai yiwu a lokacin kalandar, an rufe shuka da polyethylene.
Seedling kula
Lokacin girma tsaba don cucumbers a gida, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da kulawa mai kyau.
Bayan bayyanar Tushen kokwamba na farko yana raguwa. Hanyar ta ƙunshi cire harbe-harbe maras amfani, barin ba fiye da 3 inabi mai ƙarfi a cikin rami ɗaya ba. Ana cire harbe-harbe a hankali a hankali, ƙoƙarin kada su lalata tushen tushe.
Don tattara girbi mai yawa, lokacin da ganye 4 suka bayyana akan shuka, ana yin tsunkule. Hanyar yana taimakawa wajen hanzarta samuwar ovaries kuma yana sauƙaƙe kula da daji. Da zarar seedlings sun kai tsayin 30 cm, dole ne a yanke su. Aikin noma yana taimakawa wajen samar da ƙarin tushen, wanda ke tasiri sosai ga haihuwa.
Tsirrai na manya suna kula da motsi mai tushe. Idan tsarin nama yana canzawa akai-akai bayan dasa shuki, furanni da ovaries sun fadi daga kokwamba. Zai fi kyau a ɗaure daji zuwa trellis ko bar shi a kan fim.
ƙarshe
Yawan girbi shine cancantar manomi mai kula. Kafin dasa shuki tsaba na cucumbers, yi matakai da yawa.
