Mazauna novice na rani har ma da masu sana’a suna neman sababbin nau’ikan kayan lambu waɗanda za su gamsar da kowa a cikin kowane sabon yanayi. Masana aikin gona waɗanda suka kware wajen shuka wannan amfanin gona an shawarci su kula da nau’in cucumber na Oktopus da halayensa.
Halayen Ok topus cucumbers
Halayen iri-iri
Octopus f1 nau’in zaɓi ne na Yaren mutanen Holland da ƙudan zuma ke pollinated. Kamfanin Segenta na Holland ne ya samar. Wanda ya kafa kansa a matsayin mai samar da ingantaccen iri mai inganci.
Iri-iri yana da matsakaici-farkon lokacin girma. Ana iya girbe girbi bayan kwanaki 43-48. Yana da tsawon lokacin ‘ya’yan itace, wanda ke ba da tabbacin babban yawan aiki. A kan hectare daya, ton 50-65 na cucumbers sun yi girma.Ya dace da noma a cikin bude ƙasa da greenhouses. Iri-iri yana da tsayayya ga yanayin zafi da fari, wanda ke ba da damar girma a duk yankuna na tsakiyar layi. Ana amfani dashi don noma.
Octopus don amfanin duniya, dace da sabo da cin gwangwani. Yana da halayen dandano mai girma.
Bayanin daji
Tsawon shrub yana da matsakaicin tsayi mai tushe mai tushe na tsakiya da na gefe. Ganyen suna da siffar zagaye-pentagonal, babba da matsakaici, gefuna sun bambanta, ɗan rabe-rabe. Launin farantin ganye kore ne tare da bayyananniyar tsarin jijiya. An kafa ‘ya’yan itatuwa 3-4 a cikin internode.
Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace
Ƙananan ‘ya’yan itacen zaƙi. Kokwamba yana girma har zuwa 8 cm tsayi tare da matsakaicin nauyin 50-70 grams. Matsakaicin tsayi-to-nisa shine 3: 1. Suna da sifa mai kyau da gabatarwa mai inganci.
Halayen ‘ya’yan itace:
- koren fata mai yawa,
- siffar santsi ce cylindrical,
- babban tuberosity,
- ƙaya ba ta nan,
- an gano haƙarƙarin ƙasa,
- Naman yana da yawa kuma yana da kauri.
- akwatin iri ƙanana ne, tsaba ƙanana ne.
Cucumbers na wannan iri-iri sun dace don samar da kasuwa don sabbin kayan amfanin gona, ana adana ‘ya’yan itacen da aka girbe da kyau a 3-8 ° C.
Cuidado
Shuka iri
Don wannan nau’in ƙasa mai gina jiki tare da matakin pH na 5.5-7 sun dace. Dole ne a sassauta shukar dorinar ruwa da kyau kuma a shirya sosai.
Shuka tsaba don seedlings ko kai tsaye cikin ƙasa. Ana aiwatar da dasa shuki daga tsakiyar Afrilu, kuma a cikin shekaru 25-30, ana dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse ko buɗe ƙasa. Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka shine tsakiyar watan Mayu, lokacin da zafin jiki na ƙasa ya kai 15 ° C, kuma sanyin dare ba zai ƙara yin barazanar tsire-tsire ba.
A lokaci guda, ana shuka tumatir kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ba tare da tsaba ba. Ya kamata a tuna cewa tsaba na cucumbers a zazzabi da ke ƙasa da 12 ° C ba sa tsiro kuma yana iya mutuwa. Tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ku bar isasshen sarari kyauta, wanda aka ba da ƙarfin girma na bushes. Mafi kyawun zai zama 30-40 cm tsakanin seedlings kuma 60 cm ya zama nisa tsakanin layuka. Girman kada ya wuce tsire-tsire 3 a kowace 1 m2.
Abincin
Shuka yana buƙatar taki
Don tabbatar da cikakken girma, haɓakawa da ‘ya’yan itace, cucumbers zasu buƙaci takin.
A lokacin girma girma, ya isa ya aiwatar da shi sau uku.
- Makonni 2 bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ko bayyanar seedlings Yi amfani da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci don kabewa. Daidaitaccen takin mai narkewa (Master, Kemira, Viva) sun dace. Umurnin suna aiki daidai da haka.
- A farkon flowering, ana fesa bushes tare da maganin urea (5 g a kowace lita 10 na ruwa), kuma bayan mako guda tare da shirye-shirye don tada ovary (Ovary, Fitocarpine, Boroplus).
- Bayan kwanaki 14 bayan wanda ya gabata, fesa tare da carbamide ko hadadden takin chelate (Plantafol, leaf mai tsabta).
Watse
Domin bushes suyi girma da kyau, ‘ya’yan itatuwa da aka ɗaure, kuma amfanin gona ya kai matsayi mafi girma, shayarwa dole ne ya zama na yau da kullum kuma daidai.
A kwanakin zafi, ana shayar da bushes sau biyu a rana. Mafi kyawun lokacin ruwa zai kasance safe da yamma. Hakanan yana da amfani ga tsire-tsire ta hanyar fesa ruwa mai tsabta.
A kwanakin sanyi, ya kamata a rage yawan ruwa. Danshi mai yawa yana shafar ci gaban cucumbers kuma yana haifar da ci gaban cututtukan fungal. Hakanan an haramta yin ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi, wannan ba shi da karbuwa ga cucumbers.
Annoba da cututtuka
Dangane da bayanin, nau’in Octopus yana da tsayayya da irin waɗannan cututtuka:
- powdery mildew,
- cladosporosis,
- mosaic kokwamba.
Yana buƙatar maganin rigakafi don fusarium da paresis. Don kare kariya daga waɗannan cututtuka, ana fesa bushes kowane kwanaki 10 tare da Trichodermin, Fitosporin ko sauran biofungicides da enzymes.
Ana iya cutar da kwari, musamman idan lokacin rani ya yi zafi kuma ya bushe. A kan bushes, aphids, mites za a iya samu. Waɗannan kwari ne masu cutarwa waɗanda ke rage cucumbers kuma suna iya hana su haɓakawa da ƙarfi. Don sarrafa kwari, yana da kyau a yi amfani da maganin kwari na masana’antu, bioinsecticides, da kuma ingantaccen girke-girke na jama’a.
Yadda ake sarrafa shi
Shirye-shiryen da aka ba da shawarar don sarrafa cucumbers daga kwari:
- Magungunan kwari: Mospilan, Actelik.
- Bioinsecticidas: Bioreid, Actofit.
- Maganin gargajiya: bawon albasa, bawon tafarnuwa, ƙurar taba, toka.
Duk waɗannan kayan aikin suna nuna tasirin su a cikin yaƙi da kwari na lambu a kan cucumbers kuma suna iya jure su cikin sauƙi kuma.
ƙarshe
Ta zaɓar Octopus f1 don girma a cikin greenhouse ko buɗe filin, za ku iya samun girbi mai kyau na dogon lokaci daga ƙaramin lambu. Kuma dandano cucumbers ɗin da aka yi da hannu zai farantawa ko da mafi yawan masu nuna bambanci.
Wannan iri-iri da masu sana’a na lambu waɗanda ke yin aikin girma iri-iri na cucumbers don dalilai na masana’antu ba za su yi takaici da halayensu ba.
