Na zamani iri na albasa sets –

Irin nau’in albasarta suna da bambanci sosai. Suna iya bambanta a dandano, siffar, launi, lokacin balaga. Lokacin zabar wani nau’i na musamman, kana buƙatar la’akari da yankin zama. Wasu nau’ikan sun fi dacewa da kudu, yayin da wasu suna girma da kyau a arewa ko a cikin yanayi mai zafi. Idan za ku shuka albasa don hunturu, duba yadda yake adanawa.

Iri-iri na albasa sets

Halaye da rarraba iri

Babu rarrabuwa guda ɗaya na saitin albasa. An raba su a tsakanin juna bisa ga halaye da yawa. Don zaɓar nau’in da ya dace a gare ku, dole ne a yi la’akari da halaye da yawa.

Kwanakin girma

Ga mutane da yawa, kwatanta kwanakin girma shine kusan abu mafi mahimmanci. Saitin albasa yana daya daga cikin amfanin gona na farko da aka dasa a gonar. Ganyen Albasa ya taɓa ceton mutane daga rashi bitamin a cikin bazara, yanzu ganyen suna zama ƙari mai daɗi da lafiya ga salads, lokacin da sauran sabbin kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itatuwa kaɗan. A kan haka, an raba saitin albasa zuwa:

• Farkon ripening ko farkon ripening – Tsawon ciyayi kwanaki 90.
• Matsakaicin maturation – ciyayi har zuwa kwanaki 110.
• Late ripening – lokacin girma har zuwa kwanaki 120.

Farkon irin albasa sun dace da samun ganye, amma ana adana su da kyau a cikin hunturu. A karshen ba da babban turnip, za a iya adana su a ko’ina cikin hunturu, amma a cikin sanyi yankuna akwai hadarin daskarewa da amfanin gona.

Halayen dandano

Dandan albasa ba shi da mahimmancin mahimmanci fiye da kalmar ripening. Hakanan, kowane mutum yana da abubuwan da yake so. Dangane da dandano, nau’ikan albasa sun kasu zuwa:

• Dogara Yawancin su balagagge da wuri, ana adana su da kyau, suna da fata mai tauri, sun ƙunshi babban adadin mai. Yawan aikin su yana da ƙasa.
• Peninsular. Sun bambanta a matsakaicin yawan aiki, amma ƙarancin ingancin kulawa. Tsarin ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da ɗanɗano, yana da sauƙin lalacewa lokacin tsaftacewa tare da kayan aiki, saboda haka yana da kyau a tono shi da hannu.
• Mai dadi, suna da dandano mai laushi, sun dace da yin salads kuma galibi ana girma a yankunan kudancin.

Girman gashin tsuntsu da adadin kwararan fitila

Adadi daban-daban na iya samar da adadin ganye da turnips daban-daban a cikin gida ɗaya. A kan haka, sun kasu zuwa:

• Ƙananan gida: siffa ɗaya, matsakaicin: kawuna biyu a cikin gida ɗaya.
• Tsakanin gida: 3-4 turnips za a iya kafa a cikin rami daya.
• Guruka masu yawa: daga kai ɗaya zuwa albasa dozin da yawa ana iya samun su daga kai ɗaya.

Da yawan turnips da ke tasowa a cikin gida, mafi girman kambi da kore shuka zai iya samun. .

Girman kwan fitila

Girman kai sifa ce mai mahimmanci wacce ke shafar aiki kai tsaye. Gaskiya ne, akwai nau’ikan da ke ba da albasa da yawa a cikin rami ɗaya, wanda ke sa yawan samfuran gamsarwa. Dangane da girman, nau’in albasa ya kasu zuwa:

• Ƙananan – turnips har zuwa 50 g.
• Matsakaici – nauyin turnips 50-120 g.
• Babban – nauyin kawunan fiye da 120 g.

Hanyoyin noma

Akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin nau’in albasa da hanyoyin noma:

• Universal perennial, yana yiwuwa a shuka tsaba da shuka.
• Iri na shekara-shekara waɗanda aka dasa da kwararan fitila da tsaba.
• Iri na shekara-shekara waɗanda zasu iya girma daga tsaba ko seedlings kawai.

Halayen yanki

Ana shuka albasa a wurare daban-daban na yanayi. Ta hanyar halayen yanki, nau’ikan sun kasu zuwa:

• Kudancin irin albasa ya kafa don Kuban, Caucasus, Stavropol, kudancin Ukraine, Moldova. Su ne m ja ko shunayya, zaki ko Semi-kaifi. Suna jure wa fari da kyau.
• Arewacin irin albasa ya kafa don yankin Moscow, Belarus, Siberiya, Urals da sauran yankuna. Peninsular ko kaifi, shunayya ko fari, mai jure sanyi.

A cikin rukuni daban, haɗa da albasar salatin farin. Yana da dadi, ya dace da amfani mai amfani, amma kwararan fitila suna da kyau a adana su kuma suyi sauri.

Wadannan sune mafi kyawun nau’ikan wasannin albasa na gida, bayanin su da taƙaitaccen bayanin. Kuna iya duban yadda kowannen su ya kasance a cikin hoton.

Strigunovsky Local

Wani tsohon nau’in Rasha wanda har yanzu bai rasa shahararsa ba. Albasa Strigunovskiy na gida yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano (samar da albasarta 1-4 a cikin rami). Ma’auninsa yana da yawa, saboda haka, an adana shi da kyau, launi na ma’auni yana da zinariya. Siffar kwan fitila zagaye ne, ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da ɗanɗano, fari, ko da yake wuyan wani lokacin shuɗi ne. Ga babban fasalin nau’in:

• Cikakke da wuri.
• Nauyin kwan fitila – 45-85 g.
• Yawan amfanin gona yana da girma, daga 1.2 zuwa 3.3 kg kowace mita na lambu.
• Ana iya adana shi har sai bazara.
• Yana girma 49% zuwa 97% na kwararan fitila, ya danganta da yanayin.

Ana ba da izinin girma iri-iri duka akan turnips da farkon ganyen kore. Yana ba da girbi mai kyau bayan shuka iri da dasa iri. Ana iya tayar da shi duka a cikin kudanci mai dumi da kuma a wuraren sanyi. A kudu, zaku iya samun matsakaiciyar turnip a cikin kakar wasa guda. Ana noman shi ne musamman a arewa a shekara biyu.

Golden Semko

Albasa na wannan nau’in an samo shi ne sakamakon zaɓin matasan. Don kiwo, Balakleysky, albasa Valencia, Ballon d’Or, Krasnodar grade G-35, Nosovsky No. 138, da Pavlogradsky an ketare. Sakamakon ya kasance albasa mai dadi tare da matsakaicin ripening. A cikin gida, an kafa kawunan 1-4. Sun yi zagaye mai lebur, ba a cika samun samfuran oval ba.

Albasa ta zinare ta Semko ta samo sunan ta ne daga kalar sikeli. Naman kwararan fitilansa fari ne, wani lokacin kore ratsi suna bayyana. Dandan albasa yana da yaji. Anan ga bayanin manyan halayen iri-iri:

• Lokacin ripening matsakaici ne.
• Nests na kawunan 1-4.
• Nauyin kwan fitila – 51-130 g.
• Amfani: 2.1-2.6 kg kowace mita na gado.
• Ana adana shi kusan har zuwa girbi na gaba.

Iri-iri na zinariya ya dace da noma a yankunan kudancin da kuma a cikin yanayi mai zafi, yayin da yake girma na dogon lokaci. A kudu, ana samun amfanin gona mai kyau idan kun shuka iri da shuka iri. A cikin yankuna masu zafi da arewa, yana da kyau a ɗauki sevocs don dasa shuki.

Nunawa

Ƙasar mahaifar wannan baka ita ce Holland. Yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi, kamar yawancin nau’ikan Turai. Kwanakin girki suna tsakiyar makara. Tushen suna da girma, siffar m, tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara. Sautin ma’aunin rawaya ne, nama fari ne. Ga taƙaitaccen bayanin iri-iri:

• Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 115-120.
• Nauyin kwan fitila aƙalla 80g, wani lokacin 150-200g (a cikin yanayi mai kyau da kulawa).
• Abin dandano yana da dadi.
• Babban juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban.
• An kafa kawunan 1-3 a cikin gida.

A cikin kakar daya, nunin albasar Yaren mutanen Holland yana girma zuwa manyan girma. Ana girma ne kawai daga tsaba. Kwayoyin ko tsire-tsire ba su dace da wannan amfanin gona ba. Yana da kyakkyawar daidaitawa, yana iya girma a hankali a cikin yankunan karkara da yankunan arewa. Rashin lahani na iri-iri shine ɗan gajeren rayuwarsa. Babban abun ciki na sukari a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara yana motsa tafiyar da bazuwar.

Aleko

Violet iri-iri tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai yaji da matsakaicin ripening. An yi amfani da shi don salads da shirye-shiryen abinci, sau da yawa ana yin ado da kayan abinci na kayan abinci tare da zobba. Tushen suna zagaye da lebur, kama da jita-jita. Launin sikelin duhu ne purple, naman fari ne mai launin shuɗi. Kawukan suna da kyau a bayyanar, saboda suna sayar da kyau. Shuka gashin tsuntsu iri-iri da turnips. Ga bayanin halayen Albasar Aleko:

• Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 90-100.
• Yawan kwararan fitila a cikin gida shine guda 2-4.
• Nauyin kwan fitila – 90-105 g.
• Abin dandano yana da ƙarfi kuma mai tsanani.

Albasa yana girma sosai a arewa da kudu. Dukansu iri da iri ana shuka su don kiwo. Idan shuka ya kasance da wuri, ko da a cikin yanayin sanyi a ƙarshen kakar wasa, za ku iya samun cikakkun kawunansu. Abin da Aleko ke da shi shi ne yadda yake ji da cututtuka daban-daban.

Timiryazevsky

Albasa tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano ko ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano an halicce su akan tushen albasa Rostov. Albasa yana farawa da wuri. Ya bambanta a babban yawan aiki. Kansa yana da zagaye da baƙaƙe, an lulluɓe shi da ma’aunin zinariya. Ruwan ruwa mai tsiro ne, fari. Waɗannan su ne manyan halaye na iri-iri na saitin albasa Timiryazevsky:

• ciyayi yana ɗaukar kwanaki 85-95.
• Embryos a cikin gida guda 2-3.
• Girman kai – 50-70 g.
• Cikakke kusan 100% na turnips, yana ba da izinin yanayi.
• Albasa yana hutawa na dogon lokaci, har zuwa bazara, kusan kashi 95% na kawunan ya rage.
• Abin dandano yana da kaifi.

Ana yin noman wannan nau’in galibi a cikin Siberiya, yankin Volga, a cikin Urals. Yana samar da kauri, mai ɗanɗano kore mai ɗanɗano da ƙananan kwararan fitila. Brood kawai ya dace da brood. Kuna iya samun ƙananan kwararan fitila daga tsaba don shuka a shekara mai zuwa. Zai fi kyau shuka tsaba a cikin greenhouses.

Chalcedony

Wannan nau’in farar albasa iri-iri yana da matsakaicin lokacin girma. Chalcedony yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Tushen suna zagaye ko m, babba. Sikelin yana da launin rawaya-kasa-kasa ko launin zinari, naman fari ne, mai ɗanɗano, yana adanawa sosai a lokacin sanyi, ƙasa da kashi 1% na kawunansu suna lalacewa.

Anan ga bayanin ingancin nau’in:

• ciyayi yana ɗaukar kwanaki 95-115.
• Yawan amfanin gona – har zuwa gadaje na mita 4 kg.
• A cikin gida 1-3 kwararan fitila.
• Yawan turnips shine 85-100 g, kattai sun kai nauyin 300-400 g.
• Abin dandano yana da ƙarfi ko ƙasa.

Mafi sau da yawa, chalcedony yana girma a cikin yankunan kudancin tare da gashin tsuntsaye da turnips, amma zaka iya samun ganye da kawunansu a yankunan arewa. Kayan lambu suna yaduwa ta hanyar sevk da tsaba. Yana da matukar juriya ga peronosporosis, dan kadan baya jure rubewar mahaifa.

Shakespeare

farkon ripening hunturu albasa. Shakespeare yana da kwararan fitila masu zagaye da aka rufe da ma’aunin zinare. Siffar sa zagaye ne, amma ba lebur ba. Harsashi yana da yawa sosai, kamar yadda aka adana shi daidai a cikin hunturu, yana iya jure ko da daskarewa zuwa -18 ° C, yana da sauƙin harbi. Tsarin ɓangaren litattafan almara na hunturu yana da m, m, fari. Ga bayanin manyan abubuwansa:

• Tsire-tsire – kwanaki 75-85.
• Nauyin kai – 100 g ko fiye.
• Yawan shugabannin a cikin gida – 1-3 guda.
• Dandan albasa yana da ɗanɗano kaɗan.

Albasa yana jure wa cututtuka da yawa. Saboda girman juriya ga sanyi da farkon balaga, ana ba da shawarar noma a cikin yankunan arewa. Mafi sau da yawa, ana dasa iri-iri don hunturu. Sa’an nan kuma a cikin bazara, gashin tsuntsu mai laushi yana girma da sauri, kuma a farkon watan Agusta manyan kwararan fitila Zaka iya shuka tsaba a cikin kaka da bazara.

Red Carmen

Saitin Albasa iri-iri Red Carmen wani sabon samfuri ne ga zaɓin Yaren mutanen Holland. Albasa yana girma da sauri, kwararan fitila suna da launin shuɗi ko ja, duka a cikin sikeli da nama. Siffar kawunan suna lebur da zagaye, na matsakaicin girman. Yana ba da amfanin gona mai kyau, wanda aka girma akan sabbin ganye da turnips na hunturu. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da wannan albasa don dafa salads, sau da yawa don soya. Waɗannan su ne manyan halaye na nau’in Red Carmen:

• Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 75-85 (tsuntsin ya juya gaba ɗaya rawaya kwanaki 100 bayan shuka).
• Yawan kwararan fitila a cikin gida shine guda 1-3. .
• Nauyin kwan fitila: 60-80g, wani lokacin har zuwa 120g.
• 30-35 cm tsayi mai tsayi.
• Yawan amfanin gona: 1.5-2, 5 kg daga lambun.
• A dandano ne Semi- yaji.

Ana noman Red Carmen a yankunan arewa da kudanci. Yana da matukar wuya a kan ƙasa da shayarwa, saboda gadaje dole ne a hadu da kyau kafin dasa shuki. Ba za ku iya dasa wannan albasa sau biyu a wuri ɗaya ba, bayan tafarnuwa, karas, beets, ko masara. A iri-iri ne quite resistant zuwa cututtuka da kuma daban-daban noma karin kwari. Daidai adana a cikin hunturu.

Troy

Don samun sabon neman Troy F1, Yaren mutanen Holland sun ketare mafi kyawun nau’ikan saitin albasa. A sakamakon haka, ya zarce darajar iyayensa sosai. Yana da ‘ya’ya, tare da farkon balaga, duk kwararan fitila suna da girma iri ɗaya kuma balagagge a lokaci guda.Yana iya ba da ‘ya’yan itace ko da a cikin yanayin da ba su da kyau sosai, amma tare da kulawa mai kyau da sutura, yawan amfanin sa ya fi girma. Troy yana da juriya ga cututtuka da yawa, da wuya kwari ke shafar su. Abin takaici, duk waɗannan halaye ana kiyaye su ne kawai a cikin ƙarni na farko, sabili da haka ana iya haɓaka albasa daga tsaba da aka saya.

Babban halayyar nau’in albasa Troy ya kafa:

• Tsire-tsire – kwanaki 65-75.
• Tushen suna zagaye ko lebur.
• Nauyin shugabannin shine 90 g ko fiye.
• 1-2 turnips girma a cikin gida.
• Fuka-fukan yana da tsayi 20-45 cm kuma yana girma sosai (wani fasali na iri-iri).
• Yawan amfanin ƙasa – 5 kg / m².
• Abin dandano yana da matsakaicin ƙarfi, tare da matsakaicin kaifi.

Albasa Troy yana da kyau a adana a cikin hunturu, yana da ma’auni mai yawa, nama tare da ya ƙunshi babban adadin busassun kwayoyin halitta. Ana iya girma wannan iri-iri a kowane yanayi na yanayi. Madaidaicin zaɓi na takin mai magani, wuraren dasa shuki na iya haɓaka yawan aiki sosai. Manyan kwararan fitila da ciyayi masu yawa suna girma daga tsaba a cikin kakar wasa guda. Abin takaici, nau’in nau’in Troy yana da tsada sosai, kuma ingancin amfanin gona na iri da aka saita a shekara mai zuwa ya ragu sosai.

Corrado

Sabbin nau’ikan albasar matasan suna da yawan amfanin ƙasa.Waɗannan sun haɗa da Corrado F1. Suna da manyan kawuna lebur masu zagaye tare da ma’auni na zinariya ko launin ruwan kasa mai kauri. Ruwan ruwa yana da ɗanɗano, fari. Ba ya da wuri sosai, a nan ne babban halayen wannan nau’in:

• Tsire-tsire 100-105 kwanaki, a cikin yanayi mai kyau – kwanaki 85-95.
• Yawan kai – 100-120 g.
• Tsawon gashin tsuntsu: 30 cm.
• Yawan amfanin ƙasa: har zuwa kilogiram 8 a kowace mita na gado, akai-akai mai girma.
• A dandano ne Semi-kaifi, kusa da zaki, ba tare da haushi.

Zai fi kyau shuka albasa a kudu ko yanki mai zafi, yana da ƙarancin hardiness hunturu. Don kiwo, ya fi dacewa don siyan tsaba, tunda a cikin al’ummomi masu zuwa sun ɓace halaye iri-iri. Yi amfani da albasa don salads, miya daban-daban.

Stuttgart Kattai

Albasa iri-iri na Jamus Stuttgart Riesen an haife shi akan sikelin masana’antu, amma ya dace da ƙaramin kasuwancin dangi ko don girma akan filin ku kaɗai. Yana da manyan kwararan fitila na siffa mai zagaye da lallausan. Ma’auni suna rawaya-launin ruwan kasa, ratsan haske suna bayyane akan su. Wani lokaci harsashi na iya zama fari gaba ɗaya. Bangaran ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da yawa kuma yana da ɗanɗano, fari. Waɗannan su ne manyan halaye na Stuttgart Riesen cultivar:

• Tsire-tsire yana matsakaici, kwanaki 95.
• Ayyukan yana da girma, kusan kilogiram 3 a kowace mita na gado.
• Nauyin kwan fitila – 120-150 g (wani lokacin 250 g).
• A cikin gida 1-3 albasa
• A dandano ne Semi- yaji.

Kuna iya shuka Stuttgart Riesen a kowane yanki amma yana ba da girbi mafi kyau a kudu. An bred a matsayin shekara-shekara iri-iri na iri. Ana amfani da Sevk da yawa ƙasa akai-akai, galibi a arewa. A cikin shekara ta biyu, albasarta ta rasa yawancin halaye iri-iri. Ana adana iri-iri a cikin hunturu da kyau, ana iya daskarewa har ma. Juriya ga cututtuka da kwari.