Albasarar Carmen da ake kawowa daga Holland ana kiranta da jajayen albasar Carmen, ko kuma ja, saboda launinsu. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin manyan sinadaran a cikin salads da manyan jita-jita.
Baka Carmen
Game da cultivar Carmen
Carmen, wanda ya bayyana shekaru da yawa da suka gabata a tsakanin masu lambu da masu shayarwa na Dutch, yawancin masu amfani sun ƙaunace su saboda kyakkyawan dandano. masu fasahar noma: saboda iya noma shi ba tare da yin kokari sosai ba.
An rarraba albasar Carmen a matsayin amfanin gona na tsakiyar kakar, yana samar da bayan watanni 2.5-3. Ana girma daga iri ko iri. Idan kun shuka irin wannan iri-iri iri-iri na germinated albasa seedlings a cikin bude ƙasa, to, lokacin maturation na shuka za a iya rage zuwa watanni 1,5. Wannan yanayin ya zama daya daga cikin dalilan da masu lambu a yankunan kudancin ke zabar shi don noma – suna tattara 2, wani lokacin noman albasa 3 a lokacin noma daya.
Ana yawan amfani da albasar da aka tsince ta Carmen azaman abincin ciye-ciye don jita-jita na nama.
Manoma a cikin yankuna na tsakiya da arewacin Rasha sun lura cewa idan kun bi ka’idodin girma, Carmen ya kafa albasa zai iya girma kuma ya sami amfanin gona a cikin yanayin yanayi mai dumi ko da babu hasken rana.
Siffar siffa
Yadda albasa ya yi kama da Carmen ya kwatanta nau’ikan, yana mai da hankali kan halayenta na musamman waɗanda ke da alaƙa da canza launi. Hoton nan da nan ya nuna cewa ana nuna ma’aunin albasa a cikin ja tare da launin ruwan kasa, kuma an huda naman fari mai haske na kayan lambu tare da ratsan shunayya. zobba.
Baya ga gaskiyar cewa kayan lambu suna da irin wannan takamaiman launi, bayanin iri-iri ya haɗa da sauran alamun noma:
- wani zagaye, ɗan ƙaramin kwan fitila yana girma har zuwa 80 g, amma wasu lambu na iya yin alfahari fiye da b manyan turnips – har zuwa 120 g, tare da zaruruwa masu daɗi,
- ganyen albasa yayi girma kimanin mita 0.3,
- dandanon albasa yana da laushi, ba tare da kaifi halin ɗaci na albasa ba.
Babban abun ciki na sukari yana sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da albasa mai sabo da kuma bayan maganin zafi.Ta hanyar ƙirƙirar da lura da yanayin ajiya mai kyau, ana iya adana kayan lambu na akalla watanni 7-8 ba tare da lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa ba.
Abubuwan da ake samu da yanayin girma
Lambu suna da manyan alamomin samarwa don duban albasa ja na Carmen. Kwarewar manoma a yankunan kudancin Rasha ya nuna cewa tare da 1 square. m gadaje, yana ba da girbi na 2-3 kg. A lokaci guda kuma, a wasu yanayi na yanayin da ba su da kyau don noma, iri-iri na iya samar da amfanin gona, amma yawansu yana raguwa sosai.
Don tabbatar da girbin jan albasa na nau’in Carmen lokacin kaka ya zo, ƙwararrun manoma suna ba da shawarar shirya ƙasa yadda yakamata don shuka, wanda yakamata a fara kafin farkon lokacin hunturu. Don shuka amfanin gona, an zaɓi wurin da hasken rana ke faɗuwa gwargwadon yiwuwa, yana dumama duniya.
Bayanin nau’in Carmen yana nuna cewa tana son hasken ultraviolet sosai. Tare da rashin hasken rana, shuka ya fara sha wahala daga cututtukan fungal.
Don dasa wannan nau’in, ana bada shawara don zaɓar gonar da aka dasa tumatir, legumes, dankali ko cucumbers a da. Ƙasar da ta lalace na sauran amfanin gona na lambu don shuka albasa ba ta da kyau. Har ila yau, ya kamata a kula da alamun acidity na ƙasa, tun da ƙasa mai acidified yana rage yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka daban-daban.
Don rage acidity na ƙasa, ta yadda jan albasa iri-iri ya sami tushe a cikin lambun kuma ya ba da girbi, yi amfani da hanya kamar liming.
A cikin kaka, don shirya ƙasar don dasa albasa na gaba na albasa a cikin bazara, kawo takin gargajiya da ma’adinai, wanda daga baya zai zama takin mai magani don shuka kayan lambu. Lokacin da zafi ya yi zafi, tono ƙasa kafin shuka albasar kuma a bi da su da jan karfe sulfate.
Don shuka amfanin gona na lambu, nau’ikan iri iri-iri, kamar kowane iri, an cire su don baƙar fata, rot, da turnips masu laushi. Zaɓaɓɓen iri suna mai tsanani kamar wata kwanaki kafin dasa.
Cikakkun bayanai
Bayanin nau’in Carmen ya nuna cewa amfanin gonar albasa ya kamata ya kasance mai kariya daga cututtuka masu yawa da cututtukan fungal. Duk da haka, wannan ba yana nufin cewa don albasa babu buƙatar shirya ƙasa da kayan dasa. Sevoc yana cikin matakan aiki na musamman waɗanda ke hana kamuwa da amfanin gonar lambu. Ayyukan irin wannan shirye-shiryen ya kara tsawon kimanin kwanaki 120, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a shuka kayan lambu a wannan lokacin.
Ana bada shawara don shuka iri-iri a cikin ƙasa mai dumi lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa ya kai 15-16 ° C. A cikin yankunan kudancin wannan yana faruwa a cikin watanni na bazara: Afrilu – farkon watan Mayu. an rufe shi da fim mai kariya.
Bayanin nau’in albasar Carmen yana ƙunshe da bayanin cewa, don tabbatar da amfanin gona mai kyau, ana bada shawara don sassauta ƙasa a kai a kai, yayin da ake cire ciyayi mai ciyayi, ɗaukar ma’adanai daga ƙasa. Yana sauƙaƙe noman kayan lambu da kuma kula da su don mulching. Shayar da albasar da aka dasa lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe don kada ruwan ya yi sanyi. Aƙalla sau 3 a lokacin girbi, ana yin takin.
Lokacin da tsaba suka yi yawa a lokacin girma, ganye na gaba za su rasa ingancin kiyaye su.
Albasa na iya shafar nau’ikan 50 na cututtuka daban-daban, fungi da microorganisms. Don guje wa matsalolin noma da kulawa, masu lambu suna ba da shawarar:
- kar a dauki kayan don shuka tsaba daga wuraren da ake yawan kamuwa da cututtukan ciyayi,
- don noma ƙasa da kayan aiki kafin tsarin dasa shuki,
- amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da magunguna don yaƙar kamuwa da cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
An girbe kayan lambu a ƙarshen lokacin rani da farkon fall, ana bushe kayan lambu a sararin sama a cikin rana sannan a sanya su cikin hunturu. ajiya Adana kayan lambu a cikin dakunan bushewa tare da abun ciki na danshi wanda bai wuce 70% ba. Ana bada shawara don duba wasu mazauna rani kafin a nada albasa don ajiya, bi da su da alli a cikin adadin 20 g da 1 kg na kayan lambu. Bushewa a zafin jiki na akalla 35 ° C yana taimakawa wajen lalata bayyanar kaska.
A kowane hali, ko kayan lambu ne a kan tebur ko don shirya tsaba don shekara mai zuwa, jan albasa wani zaɓi ne mai kyau wanda zai iya gamsar da dandano mai mahimmanci.
