Albasa Chalcedony farkon, iri-iri ne mai girma. Yana da unpretentious, yana iya girma a kowane yanayi. Kuna iya dasa shuka tare da tsaba ko tsaba. Kuna iya kiwon albasa duka don bukatun ku da kuma kasuwanci. Wannan nau’in ya sami babban bita fiye da shekara guda.
Albasa chalcedony
Halayen iri-iri
Siffofin albasa iri-iri na Chalcedony ba su da bambanci da nau’in rugih. Duk da haka, yana da mashahuri kamar yadda yake da sauƙin girma, zaka iya samun shi a cikin shekaru 2 da turnip, da kuma gashin tsuntsu mai dadi. A kudu, babban kwan fitila yana tsiro a cikin kakar daya ko da daga iri.
Ga albasar Chalcedony. Bayanin iri-iri:
- Juyawa yana da girma, yana iya kaiwa zuwa 15 cm a diamita.
- Nauyin kwan fitila: har zuwa 150 g.
- Siffar kwan fitila tana zagaye.
- Bangararen yana da kauri, mai daɗi tare da ɗanɗano mai yaji.
- Launin ɓangaren litattafan almara fari ne.
- Harsashi yana da haske launin ruwan kasa mai launin tagulla.
- Fuka-fukan yana girma zuwa tsayin 16 cm, m, ba tare da dandano mai ɗaci ba.
- Yawan amfanin gona – 7-8 kg da 1 sq. m gadaje.
Wani halayyar da aka ambata a cikin bayanin irin albasar Chalcedony shine farkon girma. Tuni a tsakiyar watan Agusta, zaka iya girbi. Tsaba na iya tsiro a ƙananan yanayin zafi. Ganye yana haɓaka mafi kyau a 18-20 ° C. Yana da kyau a yi la’akari da abin da Chalcedony yayi kama, zaka iya yin shi a cikin hoto. Haɗin albasa ba tare da halaye ba. Ya na da yawa bitamin C, ma’adanai, baƙin ƙarfe, kamar yadda a cikin sauran irin wannan amfanin gona.
Shirya gadaje don albasa
Albasa Chalcedony ba ta da ban sha’awa sosai. Ya fi girma a cikin ƙasa taki bayan zucchini, squash, tumatir, dankalin turawa, kokwamba, kabeji. Kada a dasa shi bayan tafarnuwa, karas, masara. Hakanan, ba za ku iya shuka amfanin gona sau biyu a wuri ɗaya ba. Ana zabar wurin saukowa a kan tudu don kada ruwa ya tsaya, albasa ba ta son zubar ruwa.
Ya kamata a shirya gado a cikin fall. An haƙa ƙasar da kyau, an cire ciyawa ana shafa taki. Zai fi kyau a tono takin ko humus, buckets 3-4 a kowace mita 1 na gadaje. A cikin bazara, ‘yan kwanaki kafin dasa shuki, ana iya sake yin takin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, yi:
- Humus – 2-3 cubes.
- Superfosfato – 20-30 g.
- Itace ash – 1 kofin.
Idan kuna shirin shuka albasa don distilled plume, kuna buƙatar ƙara gishiri a cikin ƙasa. An ɗaga gadon, yana da kyau a ɗaga shi 15-20 cm sama da matakin ƙasa. A cikin ƙasa mai dausayi, tsayinsa ya kai cm 25. Bayan hadi, ana haƙa ƙasa da kyau, ana cire tushen ciyawa da mai tushe, sannan ana shuka ƙasa kuma, idan ya cancanta, ana shayar da shi.
Noma iri
A cikin shekarar farko, yana da daraja girma albasa Chalcedony daga tsaba. Chernushka ya fi arha fiye da sevok. Shuka da kula da tsire-tsire yana da sauƙi. Bayan shekara guda, zaku iya samun cikakken kayan shuka don haifuwa da haɓakar turnips.
Shirye-shiryen iri
Idan ka saya tsaba a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki na musamman, za ka iya nan da nan dasa su a cikin ƙasa.Ta hanyar siyan kasuwa ko samun kai, ya fi kyau a shirya su. Tsarin ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:
- Da farko, ana jiƙa tsaba albasa na Chalcedony na rabin sa’a a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate.
- Jiƙa tsaba na kwana ɗaya a cikin ruwan dumi.
- Mataki na gaba – jiyya tare da abubuwan haɓaka girma.
- Don samun nasarar shuka mafi girma, shuka tsaba a cikin gauze saucer na kwanaki 5-6, canza ruwa kowace rana.
Ana iya dasa tsaba da aka shirya kamar a cikin buɗe ƙasa, kuma a cikin kwantena don seedlings. Don dasa shuki a gida, saya cakuda ƙasa don tsire-tsire kuma ƙara 30% yashi kogi zuwa gare shi.Za ku iya shirya ƙasa da kanku ta hanyar haɗa sassa daidai na peat, yashi, da ƙasa lambu.
Shuka tsaba
Zai fi kyau idan an dasa tsaba a cikin akwati tare da sel. Ana shuka tsaba 3-4 a cikin rami zuwa zurfin 0.5 cm. Lokacin da tsiron ya tashi, yana da kyau a fitar da shi daga cikin akwati kuma a dasa shi cikin lambun. Don yin wannan, tono ramuka a cikin lambun 3-4 cm zurfi a nesa na kusan 7-6 cm daga juna. Yana da kyau a zuba ruwa kadan a cikin kasan ramukan, sannan a dasa kowace albasa daban a cikinsu.
A seedlings fara girma a farkon Maris. Idan an dasa tsaba kai tsaye a cikin bude ƙasa, to, lokacin su shine farkon Afrilu. Ana tura gado ana haƙa ɓangarorin a ciki. Zurfin su shine 2-3 cm, girman rata tsakanin layuka shine 20-25 cm. Kuna iya zuba farin yashi kogin a kasan ramuka domin tsaba sun fi gani. Ana shuka su a zurfin 2.5-2 cm kuma 2-3 cm baya da juna. Girman nau’in iri-iri ba shi da girma sosai, saboda irin wannan tsiron shuka yana tabbatar da kansa.
Shuka shuka
Shuka da girma daga tsaba a cikin shekara ta farko yana ba ku damar samun gashin tsuntsu mai kyau, amma a cikin yanki mai zafi lokacin girma daga iri, ba zai yuwu ku sami damar tattara turnips masu kyau nan da nan ba. Babban girbi na shekara ta farko shine saitin albasa. An bushe shi kuma a adana shi, kuma a shekara ta gaba an dasa shi a gonar. Pre-shuka girma daga iri ya kamata a shirya. Yi shi kamar haka:
- An yanke iyakar, barin 2-3 cm.
- Jiƙa kwararan fitila a cikin bayani na potassium permanganate na minti 30-40.
- Jiƙa kwararan fitila na sa’o’i 10 a zazzabi na 40-50 ° C (ƙara ruwa ko saka a cikin tanda).
- Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, kawai barin kwararan fitila a cikin dakin na kwanaki da yawa, a zazzabi na 20-25 ° C.
Ana dasa albasar Chalcedony a ƙarshen Maris. Idan kuna shirin girma a ƙarƙashin fim ko a cikin greenhouse, zaku iya dasa shuka a cikin Maris. Ana shirya gadon kamar yadda ake shuka iri. Tushen suna zurfafa cikin ƙasa 3-4 cm. Nisa tsakanin su ya kamata ya zama 6 zuwa 7 cm kuma tsakanin layuka 20 zuwa 25 cm. Kuna iya dasa albasa duka a cikin ramukan da aka shirya da kuma cikin ramuka. Ya kamata a yi shayarwa lokacin da ya bushe a waje.
Kula da albasa
Don samun girbi mai kyau, dole ne a kula da chalcedony da kyau. Idan kuna shirin shuka shi a kan koren ganye, bai kamata ku yi gaggawar yanke gashin tsuntsu ba: wannan na iya shafar ripening na kwan fitila. Ana shafa takin sau biyu. A karo na farko, bayan bayyanar 2-3 ganye. Wajibi ne a shayar da tsire-tsire tare da mullein, diluted a cikin wani rabo na 1:10 da ruwa. Lokaci na biyu: kwanaki 20 bayan ciyarwar farko. Potassium, urea, da takin mai magani superphosphate ana saka su a cikin ƙasa.
Halayen albasa na Chalcedony sun ce ba ya son ambaliya, don haka kuna buƙatar danshi ƙasa kamar yadda ya cancanta. A watan Yuli, an dakatar da shayarwa gaba ɗaya don kada turnips su sami ruwa mai yawa kuma su lalace a cikin hunturu. Bayan shayarwa, ya kamata a sassauta ƙasa. Ana yin ciyawar sau da yawa a lokacin kakar, lokacin da ciyawar ta girma da yawa, ana yanke yawan amfanin gonar Chalcedony a cikin rabin. Sau da yawa, Chalcedony yana fama da rashin sa’a masu zuwa:
- Albasa. Ƙananan caterpillars na wannan kwari suna rayuwa a bayan ganye, suna iya lalata duk amfanin gona cikin sauƙi. Zabi kwari da hannu ko bi da shrubs tare da maganin kwari. To tare da karas ‘yaƙin’ da karas, wanda ke tsiro a cikin gadon makwabta.
- Albasa tashi. Dajin da wannan kwari ya shafa ya bushe, ya zama rawaya, kuma a ƙarshe ya mutu. Don halakar da gardama, yi amfani da busassun tincture na taba da sabulu (180 g na ganyen taba, 1 tablespoon na L. Sabulu kwakwalwan kwamfuta da 10 l na ruwan zãfi). Shirye-shiryen maganin kashe kwari yana da tasiri.
- Nematodes mai tushe. Zagaye tsutsotsi da kai ga mutuwar shuka. Don rigakafin, ana bi da tsaba da tsaba tare da maganin gishiri kafin dasa shuki. Ana iya fesa maganin iri ɗaya akan tsire-tsire masu cutarwa.
- Rushewar wuya. Yana faruwa tare da tsananin ban ruwa ko a lokacin bazara. Zai iya halakar da kwararan fitila gaba ɗaya. Don shawo kan cutar, ana yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da shuka da alli ko ash na itace.
- Peronosporosis. Fungal cuta, wanda aka bayyana da haske greenish spots a kan ganye. Bayan lokaci, suna yin launin toka. Kuna iya hana cutar ta hanyar dasa albasa chalcedony a wuri mai faɗi.
Kulawa da kyau zai iya hana duk cututtuka, musamman tun da iri-iri yana da tsayayya da su. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a rage shuka a cikin lokaci: na farko 3-4 cm an bar tsakanin tsire-tsire, sannan 6-7 cm. Sa’an nan kuma kwararan fitila sun zama manyan kuma cututtuka da kwari suna shafar dasa shuki sau da yawa.
Girbin albasa
Kamar yadda kake gani, yana da sauƙi don shuka albasa chalcedony daga iri ko sevk. Wani muhimmin batu shine girbi. Idan ba a kula da shi ba daidai ba, turnips a cikin hunturu ba za a adana su da kyau ba, wani ɓangare na girbi zai ɓace. Ba daga baya fiye da kwanaki 20 kafin girbi da aka tsara, dole ne ku daina watering da saman miya. Ya kamata ku fara tono kwararan fitila lokacin da gashin tsuntsu ya bushe gaba ɗaya.
Lokacin girbi na albasa iri-iri na Chalcedony yana farawa a watan Agusta. Zai fi kyau a zabi rana mai dumi ba tare da ruwan sama ba. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na iska shine 25 ° C, amma zaku iya cire baka daga lambun koda a cikin ƙasa. Ana cire kwararan fitila a hankali don kada su lalata tushen (na farko, idan ana shuka shi), sa’an nan kuma an sanya su a cikin kwandon shara kuma a bushe a rana. Da dare suna canja wurin albasa a ƙarƙashin murfin. Idan yanayi yana da ruwa, ana iya bushe albasa a kan terrace, baranda ko ɗaki.
Dangane da bayanin baka, Chalcedony yana da ingancin kulawa. Zai fi kyau adana shi a cikin alade. Kuna iya datsa iyakar a hankali, ninka turnips cikin jakunkuna na takarda, sannan ku sanya su a kan shiryayye na ƙasa na firiji. Hakanan nau’in albasa na Chalcedony yana adana da kyau a cikin gidajen yanar gizon, an dakatar da shi a cikin busasshen ginshiki ko kayan abinci mai sanyi.
