A cikin yanayi, orchids suna bin haushin bishiyoyi kuma suna fitar da abubuwan gina jiki ta hanyar tushen iska. Lokacin girma gida, orchids suna ba da yanayi kusa da na halitta. Itace haushi ga orchids hidima a matsayin dace substrate. Ba shi da ƙarancin sinadarai, yana wucewa da kyau kuma yana riƙe da ɗanshi lokacin shayar da shi.
Shirye-shiryen haushi na Orchid
Substrate abun da ke ciki
Lokacin dasa shuki orchids, yi amfani da abin da aka saya (biomix b).
Sau da yawa a cikin shaguna akwai ƙasa maras kyau, halayen da suka sha wahala a tsawon lokaci. Ba a dasa furanni masu ado a ciki: yana barazanar bushewa ko ɓata tushen.
Masu furanni waɗanda ke girma orchids na dogon lokaci, suna shirya cakuda tare da hannayensu, ta amfani da irin waɗannan abubuwan:
- Pinewood,
- sphagnum (sabon ruwan fadama da aka tattara),
- carbon da aka kunna,
- Pine cones.
Ana amfani da ƙasa mai sarrafa kansa na abubuwan da aka lissafa don haɓaka nau’ikan phalaenopsis, dendrobium da hybrids a gida. Suna ciyarwa ne kawai saboda tushen iska kuma basa buƙatar ƙasa mai tsiro a cikin ƙasa. Ƙasar ta dace da furanni masu ban sha’awa a cikin tsarin bude da rufewa.
Ba za a iya amfani da haushi ba kawai don orchids. Birch, itacen oak, ko spruce haushi sun dace, amma exfoliation yana da wuya a cikin bishiyoyi. Sau da yawa ana amfani da haushin faɗuwar larch, arborvitae da cypress a cikin shirye-shiryen kantin sayar da kayayyaki.
Itace gindin bene ne marar amfani kuma mai numfashi. Godiya ga phytoncide, parasites ba sa farawa a cikin ƙasa. Sashin taimako na ƙasa shine cones, amma ba koyaushe ake amfani da su ba. An raba ma’auni daga juna, riƙe don minti 5-7. a cikin ruwan zafi, bushe kuma ƙara zuwa cakuda.
Sphagnum yana sha kuma yana riƙe da ruwa da kyau, yana kiyaye amincin cakuda ƙasa. Gawasa da aka kunna tana aiki da manufar da aka yi niyya. Sashin yana fitar da abubuwa masu guba daga ƙasa da ruwa.
Tsire-tsire matasa kuma suna ƙara peat zuwa ga substrate: suna buƙatar babban abun ciki na abubuwan gina jiki. Wasu nau’ikan suna buƙatar perlite, bulo mai karye, da yashi kogi.
Abin da itace ya dace
Ba duk orchid Pine haushi ne mai kyau substrate; florists bayar da shawarar tattara haushi kawai daga yanke ko busassun bishiyoyi.
Guduro itacen pine yana ƙunshe da guduro a cikin babban taro. Wannan bangaren bai dace da phalaenopsis ba. Matattun sassan sun fi wahalar cirewa daga gangar jikin, amma a zahiri ba su da sinadarai masu guba.
Ana ba da izinin itace idan ya cika buƙatun:
- karya sauƙi a cikin hannaye – wannan yana nuna ƙaramin adadin guduro,
- yana da launi iri ɗaya ba tare da konewa ba,
- Yana da tsari iri ɗaya ba tare da ɓatacce ko faci ba.
Itacen itacen oak ko wani itace mai laushi dole ne ya cika buƙatun.
Ana ba da shawarar kawai don yanke ko karya saman saman ɓawon burodi. Duk wuraren da ke da ruɓaɓɓen tsari (duhu) an cire su daga kayan. Ba a yi amfani da kayan ruɓaɓɓen abu kwata-kwata, ɓatattun ƙwayoyin cuta suna bazuwa cikin sauri a cikin itacen kuma suna lalata shukar da take aiki azaman substrate. Kura da kwari suna murkushe kayan nan da nan.
Inda za a samu da yadda za a tattara substrate
Shirya haushi don dasa shuki orchids yana farawa tare da nemo albarkatun da suka dace. Ana girbe itacen Pine a cikin dajin Pine, dasa shuki, a wurin shakatawa. Kamata ya yi wurin taron ya kasance nesa da manyan tituna masu cike da cunkoson jama’a, masana kimiyyar sinadarai, masu aikin karfe, matatun mai. Ana yanka bawon da aska mai kaifi daga bishiya ko kututture da suka fadi.
Ana tattara Sphagnum a cikin gandun daji a cikin ƙananan wurare masu zafi, kuma akwai gansakuka a cikin ruwa. Sabbin shuke-shuke da kore ne kawai ake girbe.
Substrate yana da sauƙi a samu a wurin katako. Ba ma sai ka karba a can ba. Busassun saman yadudduka suna faɗowa daga gunkin da kansu yayin sawing ko wasu sarrafawa. Ana kuma bincika kayan don sanin ko ya dace da buƙatun.
Yadda za a shirya substrate yadda ya kamata
Dole ne ɓawon burodi ya kasance a shirye don amfani
Shirya haushi don orchids da kanku ya haɗa da cire kayan mara kyau, ƙarin bushewa, da maganin zafi. A lokacin bushewa da magani na zafi, manyan ƙwayoyin cuta, tsutsa da ƙwai suna mutuwa akan kayan.
Ana amfani da tanda don bushewar zafi. Ana mai zafi zuwa 120 ° C, an bar itace don minti 5-10. Ana bada shawara don dafa biomaterial lokacin shirya cakuda a gida. Kafin tafasa, ana niƙa itacen. Ƙananan ƙananan sun fi sauƙi don tafasa da bushewa da sauri, sakamakon wannan hanya ya fi kyau.
Ana yin maganin zafi na Pine haushi don orchids a cikin buckets na galvanized. Ana sanya kayan a ƙasa kuma an danna shi da wani abu mai nauyi. Ba a cika guga da ruwa zuwa sama ba. Nisa daga saman ruwa zuwa gefuna na guga ya kamata ya zama 5-10 cm. Ana dafa itacen da aka yanka na sa’a daya, sannan a bar ruwan ya huce kuma a cire resinous sot daga cikin guga mai zafi (yana da wuya a goge busasshen resin). Abubuwan da ke cikin guga suna zuba a cikin colander, danshi yana raguwa a hankali. Ba su gama sarrafa substrate ba.
Busasshen haushin orchid tare da hannuwanku ana murƙushe shi da wuka mai kaifi maras kyau. Ga matasa seedlings ma’auni na ɓangarorin sune 1: 1 cm, ga manya – 1: 1.5 cm. An murƙushe guntun da aka murƙushe tare da yatsunsu ta yadda gefuna ba su da kaifi.
Don bushewa, an raba substrate zuwa tarin yawa, nannade cikin jaka na bakin ciki na takarda don kariya daga ƙura da kwari. Idan farin mold ya ci gaba a lokacin ajiya a cikin itacen Pine, ba lallai ba ne a tafasa don farfado da kayan. Tsire-tsire na daji suna shiga cikin symbiosis tare da fungi.
Shirye-shiryen shuka da dasa tsire-tsire kuma yana buƙatar sphagnum. Ana ba da shawarar jiƙa a cikin ruwa mai tsabta tare da ƙari da yawa granules na potassium permanganate.
Itacen Pine ya dace da adana dogon lokaci don shekaru 2-3. Ana ba da shawarar girbi a baya don dasa tsire-tsire matasa, wanda ake yin kowace shekara.
Shuka shuka
Bai isa ba don shirya haushi na orchids, kuna buƙatar shuka shuka daidai kuma ku kula da shi a gida. Don furanni, yi amfani da tukwane masu haske tare da adadi mai yawa na ramuka a ƙasa (bude tsarin) ko kwantena gilashi, kunkuntar a ƙasa kuma fadada a saman. .
Matakan shuka:
- ƙasan tukunyar an rufe shi da magudanar ruwa zuwa kashi huɗu na tsayi (claydite, kwakwalwan bulo sun dace),
- sanya shukar a tukunya,
- a hankali rufe orchid tare da shirye-shiryen da aka shirya, an dage farawa mafi girma na itace a kan ƙananan yadudduka.
Dole ne a kiyaye tsire-tsire mai ƙarfi, kar a girgiza.
A cikin kula da wurare masu zafi shuke-shuke ba su da capricious. Ana fesa su da ruwa mai tsabta sau 2-3 a mako, ana shayar da su sau ɗaya a mako. Ana amfani da kayan ado na sama kawai a lokacin rani. An haramta dasa shuka a lokacin furanni.
ƙarshe
Ba shi da wahala a shirya itacen coniferous da kansa don orchid, amma wannan aiki ne mai alhakin. Dole ne kayan ya kasance mai inganci don kada ya lalata shuka. Lokacin dasa shuki, haxa sabuwar ƙasa tare da ɗan ƙarami don adana microflora na iyali.
