Nau’in orchids masu daraja –

Kowane mai furanni yana so ya sake cika tarin su tare da orchids. Saboda kyawawan furanni, masoya suna shirye su jure duk matsalolin kulawa. Akwai orchids a cikin abin da ganye suna da daraja, suna kama da duwatsu masu daraja. Dabbobin orchid masu daraja suna da wuya kuma kawai a tsakanin masu tarawa.

Nau’in orchids masu daraja

Nau’in orchids

Orchid masu daraja sun samo sunansu daga ganyayen, suna haɗa wani tsari mai ban sha’awa mai ban sha’awa, launi na ganyen ya dogara da nau’in kuma yana iya zama azurfa, kore mai haske, Emerald, ja, ceri, har ma da baki. Jijiyoyin suna yin igiyoyin azurfa, da zinariya, da tagulla da zaren tagulla. Waɗannan tsire-tsire suna da bambance-bambancen suna na biyu.

Tsire-tsire na iyali mai daraja suna samar da inflorescences maras kyau tare da ƙananan furanni masu launin furanni da ƙanshi mai dadi.

A cikin yanayi, akwai nau’ikan nau’ikan orchids sama da 220. Daga cikin waɗannan, 6 kawai za a iya girma a gida:

• Wasanni
• Makodez,
• Anektohil,
• Dosiniya,
• Zeuxine,
• Barka da shekara.

Ludisiya

Furanni na kyakkyawan orchid na jinsin Ludisia ko Gemaria sanannen lambu ne saboda rashin fahimtarsu. A cikin yanayin yanayi, shuka yana da siffar daji kuma ya kai 15 cm. A kan kowane reshe babu ganyen ganyen da ba su wuce biyar ba tare da koren zaitun ko shunayya da jijiyoyi masu kyalli. Girmansa yana da kusan 4 cm fadi da 7 cm tsayi. A kan wani tsayin tsayi a cikin hunturu, fararen furanni masu launin rawaya kaɗan suna bayyana akan ginshiƙi. Rike na dogon lokaci. Rhizome mai ƙarfi yana haɓaka sosai. Akwai nau’ikan Ludisia da yawa.

• Ludisia ba ta da launi, ta kai tsayin 30 cm ba tare da peduncle ba. Ganyen suna ja-launin ruwan kasa mai ruwan hoda.
• Ludisia Odina yana da duhu kore ganye tare da azurfa veins.
• Ludisia Red Velvet yana da zanen karammiski tare da ratsi ruwan hoda.
• Ludisia Red Velveteen yana da ganyen kore mai duhu mai duhu tare da sabanin jijiyoyi.

Kyakkyawan Ludizia orchid ya shahara sosai

makodez

Mafi mashahuri nau’in orchid mai daraja shine Maccodes petola. Ganyayyakin sa mai tsayi 7,5 cm suna da siffa mara kyau na yau da kullun tare da gefuna mai nunawa. Kore mai haske, kore mai duhu, launin toka ko kuma emerald leaflets ana haye su ta ratsan yadin da aka saka na zinare.

Fiye da furanni masu launin fari-launin ruwan kasa guda 20 da ba za a misaltuwa ba sun bayyana akan dogayen gyale na petola. Bayan fure, rosette ya mutu kuma ya haifar da harbe-harbe. Lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe sosai, shuka yana sauke ganye.

Sandera Makodest wanda aka fi sani da shi ya kai 15 cm tsayi kuma yana da manyan ganye, tsayin 15 cm tare da ratsan jan karfe.

Dosiniya

A cikin fure-fure na gida, orchid mai daraja na genus Dossinia yana wakilta ne kawai ta bayyanar marmara. Tsire-tsire sun kai 10 cm tsayi.

Furanni masu launin ruwan kasa tare da farin lebe suna bayyana akan tsayin tsayin 30 cm.

Gudayer

Wani tsire-tsire na Goodyear da ba kasafai ba ya girma zuwa cm 18. Kyawawan ganyen nama suna da palette na launin kore. Jijiyoyin da ba su da haske na ƙarfe kuma an zana su da fari, ruwan hoda ko shuɗi. Rosettes suna ci gaba har tsawon shekaru da yawa.

Mafi shahararrun bristles Gudayer. Mafi ƙarancin gama gari sune masu rarrafe, shuɗi, da raga.

Anectochilus

Orchid anectochylus bai wuce 15 cm ba a tsayi. Fuska mai sheki na ganyen ganye mai siffa mai launin kore-launin ruwan kasa ko kore yana da yawa a lulluɓe da hanyar sadarwa na ɗigon zinari ko azurfa masu kama da fashe.

Shuka yana samar da rosette mai yawa tare da babban inflorescence a cikin nau’in goga mai lush tare da fararen furanni.

Shahararrun nau’ikan su ne Rectburgh anectochylus, taguwa, kyakkyawa, da sarauta. Mafi qarancin kowa shine Sectimian anectochilius. Yana da daraja ɗaukar wuri a cikin tarin anectomaries matasan, wanda baya buƙatar lokacin hutawa da wasu yanayi.

Shuka orchids masu daraja

Don girma m orchids masu daraja a gida, kuna buƙatar sanin fasalin kulawa. A kan windowsill, kawai orchids masu daraja na genus Ludisia za su ji daɗin fure. Sauran nau’ikan suna son ruwa, don haka florarium ko rufaffiyar aquarium ya dace da kiwo.

Shuka

Orchid masu daraja sune tsire-tsire waɗanda ke rufe ƙasa a cikin hulɗa da farfajiyar ƙasa, sabili da haka mai tushe ya samo tushe, sabili da haka, don Landings suna amfani da tankuna masu fadi da mara zurfi.Ramukan da ke cikinsu ya kamata a kasance ba kawai a cikin ƙasa ba, har ma daga ƙasa. bangarorin. Don shuke-shuke iri-iri, samun iskar iska zuwa ƙasa yana da mahimmanci. Don macodest, petal yana buƙatar ƙarfin da bai wuce 6 cm ba.

Girman orchids masu daraja daga tsaba a gida kusan ba zai yiwu ba.

Sake bugun

Haifuwa na orchids masu daraja yana faruwa ta buds. Lokacin da leaflets biyar da internodes huɗu suka bayyana, ginshiƙi yana bayyana ƙarƙashin ganyen farko. Da zaran ganye biyu suka girma a ƙasa da tushen tushen tushen, kuma internodes biyu a sama, ana yanke harbe zuwa tushen. An yayyafa wurin yankan da gawayi kuma an sanya shi a kan wani yanki na musamman don jinsin Orchidaceae. Tushen da sauri ya sami tushe ya girma.

Rufe ƙasan tukunyar tare da magudanar ruwa, wanda bai wuce 3 cm lokacin farin ciki ba. Cika akwati da rabi tare da substrate kuma sanya shi cikin ruwa don 2 hours. Don lalata, ƙara potassium na dindindin.

A cikin ruwa, tare da wuka mai kaifi, yanke duk bushe da ruɓaɓɓen tushen. Yayyafa yankan da gawayi mai kunnawa sannan a bushe su bushe. Sanya rhizome a cikin sabon akwati kuma yayyafa shi da sabo. Don rarraba ƙasa daidai, girgiza tukunyar. Rufe saman saman, a baya an jika na tsawon sa’o’i 1,5 a cikin ruwan dumi, tare da gansakuka. Cire shukar da aka dasa na tsawon kwanaki 5 a cikin wuri mai dumi tare da zafi akai-akai, ba tare da zane ba.

Don girma orchids masu daraja a gida, kuna buƙatar sanin abubuwan kulawa

Yawancin lokaci

Tsarin orchid mai daraja ya kamata ya ba da damar danshi da iska su wuce. Ya kunshi hawa gansakuka, leafy ƙasa, guda na Pine haushi da gawayi, m yashi da perlite. Don maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta da laushi, dole ne a jika gansakuka da guntuwar haushi a cikin ruwan zãfi. Bayan dasa shuki orchid, an rufe saman ƙasa da gansakuka sphagnum.

Furewa

Kyakkyawan orchids suna fure a cikin kaka da hunturu. A cikin ƙananan tsire-tsire, ana ba da shawarar cire peduncles, saboda A lokacin furanni, kara ya kara tsayi kuma ƙananan ganye suna fitar da abinci mai gina jiki kuma su mutu. Bayan fure, ci gaban shuka yana tsayawa na ɗan lokaci.

Haskewa

Tsire-tsire masu daraja suna wakiltar wurare masu zafi, saboda haka suna da wuyar gaske. Masu fure-fure suna ba da shawarar gano wuri a cikin ɗakin da babu hasken rana kai tsaye, alal misali, tagogin da ke fuskantar arewa, yamma ko gabas. Makodez da Goodyear suna girma sosai a ƙarƙashin hasken wucin gadi na awanni 30, nisa daga phytolamp ya kamata ya zama aƙalla XNUMX cm. Ana girma a wurare masu inuwa ko a cikin gidan wanka. Rashin haske yana haifar da tsawo na tsire-tsire da kuma samar da sararin samaniya a tsakanin ganye.

Yanayin zafi

Orchids iri-iri masu daraja suna jin daɗi a zafin jiki. Koyaya, ba sa jure yanayin sanyi har zuwa 18 ° C kuma suna jure wa zafi sosai. Rage yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da furen da ba a kai ba da asarar kayan ado na ganye.

Peduncles zai daɗe idan ana kiyaye zafin jiki a 20 ° C yayin fure.

Ludisia orchids sun fi son ƙarancin zafin dare na 4 ° C.

Bayan fure, anectochilius yana buƙatar lokacin hutu, saboda wannan ana ba da shawarar rage yawan zafin jiki ta 2-4 ° C a lokacin hunturu.

Ban ruwa da danshi

Ruwa da zafi na iska sune mahimman abubuwan kulawa da orchids masu daraja. Waɗannan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ruwa mai ƙarfi a ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ba a yarda bushewar ƙasa ba har ma a tsakiyar ɓangaren. Tsire-tsire suna girma da kyau tare da matsakaicin matsakaici-high zafi na substrate. Ana yin ban ruwa ta hanyar gargajiya ko kuma ta hanyar cike ƙasa lokacin da aka nutsar da shi cikin ruwa. Don kada danshi ya lalace, wajibi ne a cika tukunyar kashi ɗaya bisa uku tare da magudanar ruwa, guda na Styrofoam ko yumbu mai faɗi. Don cire gishiri, ana bada shawara don tafasa ko tace ruwa, ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da ruwa mai narkewa da ruwan sama.

Orchids suna buƙatar ruwa mai zurfi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.

A cikin florarium, zafi na iska yana ƙaruwa saboda ƙawancen ƙasa, don haka ana shayar da ruwa sau ɗaya a mako.

A cikin yanayin sanyi, ana gyara ban ruwa yayin da ƙasa ta bushe, kuma don anectochilius an yanke shi cikin rabi.

Taki

Ana amfani da taki don orchids masu daraja tare da ruwa yayin ban ruwa. Ana ba da shawarar yin irin wannan hanya a cikin bazara da bazara sau ɗaya kowane mako 3, kuma a cikin lokacin sanyi sau ɗaya kowane mako 5. Ana ba da shawarar raba shawarar da aka ba da shawarar a cikin sau uku kuma a gabatar da hankali a hankali, wannan yana haɓaka tarin abubuwan gina jiki kuma yana haɓaka samuwar ganye mai ban mamaki.

Cututtuka da kwari

Cututtuka

Orchids masu daraja suna iya kamuwa da cuta. Ci gaban gansakuka mara kulawa zai haifar da ruɓa. Suna yaƙi ne kawai tare da taimakon gaggawar dasawa tare da ƙonewa a ƙasa. Don magance cututtukan fungal, ana cire ganyen da aka shafa kuma a yanka su da gawayi mai foda.

Rashin danshi yana haifar da wrinkling na ganye da harbe. Lokacin da kunar rana ta faru, tabo na gida yana samuwa.

Karin kwari

Lokacin da zafi na tsire-tsire masu daraja ya damu, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo ya bayyana akan ganye. A hankali bi da shuka tare da barasa, turpentine ko yankakken tafarnuwa da albasa.

Kamuwa da cuta tare da mealybug yana bayyana ta hanyar samuwar farar fata mai datti a kan shuka. Ana ba da shawarar a bi da shi tare da barasa ethyl, man shayi na Neem, tafarnuwa porridge da sanya shuka a cikin jakar da aka daure sosai na kwanaki biyu.

Baƙin ƙasa da jajayen kyallen da ke kewaye da kwari na nuna kamuwa da scab. Ana kula da shuka da barasa, man inji, vinegar ko kananzir kuma a wanke bayan sa’o’i 3.

Hanyoyin magance kwari

Harin whitefly yana bayyana ta hanyar sanya ƙwai da kuma samar da wani Layer na m a cikin ganyayyaki. A yaƙin da ake yi da shi, suna amfani da tef ɗin liƙa don ƙudaje kuma suna wanke shi a hankali a ƙarƙashin rafi na ruwan dumi.

Cutar aphid tana da alaƙa da samuwar sikelin farar fata, canza launin, da digon ganye. Ana ba da shawarar fesa tsire-tsire a kowace rana tare da jiko na ganye masu kamshi, alal misali, guntun taba, allura, bawon citrus, albasa ko tafarnuwa.

Lokacin amfani da ƙasa da aka shirya, akwai haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan shuke-shuke tare da nematodes, katantanwa da slugs. Suna haifar da kamuwa da cuta. Don magance wannan matsalar, ana yanke harbe-harbe kuma ana sarrafa sassan, sannan a dasa su.

Binciken

Ya kamata a dauki matakan kariya don hana kamuwa da cuta da hare-haren kwari.

• Dole ne a keɓe tsiron da aka samu na aƙalla kwanaki 10.
• Ka guji manyan rukunin tsire-tsire a kan taga sill.
• Kula da zafin jiki da zafi na ƙasa.
• Sanya iska a dakin akai-akai. Guji lalacewa yayin dasawa.
• Zabi ƙasa da takin mai magani a hankali.
• Yi amfani da tukwane da kayan aiki mara kyau.

ƙarshe

Tare da kulawa mai kyau, kyawawan orchids na cikin gida za su yi farin ciki na dogon lokaci tare da bayyanar da ba a saba da su ba da kuma kayan ado mai ban mamaki na kowane ɗaki.