Manettia daga dangin Madder ya bayyana kwanan nan a cikin al’adun gida. Kyakkyawan kayan ado, ciyayi, fure-fure yana fara nunawa sosai a cikin kayan ado na ɗakuna ɗaya, lambunan hunturu da wuraren shakatawa. Wani tukunyar fure mai ban sha’awa, tsayawar da aka haɗa tare da liana mai kyan gani a cikin tukunya, bangon rayuwa a ofis – zaɓuɓɓuka don amfani da wannan furen da ba a saba gani ba a cikin ɗaki.
Манетия. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Alejandro Bayer Tamayo
Abun ciki:
Halayen dangin Madder
Matsakaicin dangin Madder ya ƙunshi nahiyoyi 5 kuma ana wakilta shi da tsire-tsire na ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: magani, ‘ya’yan itace, fure-fure, deciduous da kayan ado a cikin nau’ikan bishiyoyi, shrubs, lianas da ciyawa, har ma da weeds. Faɗin yanki na rarraba ya haɓaka a cikin dangi babban daidaitawa ga yanayin rayuwa. Tsire-tsire masu hauka sun mamaye duk matakan gradations (matakai) tun daga ciyawar ƙasa mai ciyawa zuwa saman saman dajin. Ana iya samun su a duk sassan duniyarmu: a cikin wurare masu zafi, ƙananan wurare masu zafi, yankuna tare da yanayin yanayi da yankunan sanyi na wasu ƙasashe.
Daga cikin mafi hauka, akwai entomophytes na kowa, wanda aka bambanta da launi mai haske na furanni, da yawa nectar, da ƙamshi mai laushi. Furen sa na iya zama pollinated da butterflies, bumblebees, ƙudan zuma, amma akwai kuma shuke-shuke da suke boye su nectar a kasan elongated proboscis furanni na fused corolla petals. Da farko rukuni ne na tsire-tsire na wurare masu zafi waɗanda jemagu, kwari masu dogon bincike, ko hummingbirds ke yin pollinated. Irin wannan sabon abu shuka a cikin wannan iyali ne daurin hannu, wanda aka gabatar a cikin sigar cikin gida a cikin wani nau’i da ake kira alkyabba mai kumbura ko alkyabba mai launi biyu.
Halittu halaye na alkyabbar.
Ƙasar mahaifar Manettia ita ce yanki mai ɗanɗano na Kudancin Amurka. A cikin gwagwarmayar rayuwa a ƙarƙashin gandun daji mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, ƙaramin shrub daga ƙarshe ya zama kurangar inabi mai tsiro, yana neman haske. A wannan batun, rigar ya haɓaka dukiyar haɓaka da sauri kuma yana iya girma har zuwa mita 5-8 a cikin shekara guda, yana jujjuya goyon baya. A cikin noman daki, girmansa yana iyakance ta hanyar tsinkewa da dasa shuki.
Manettia mai kumbura ita ce liana mai ɗorewa, wacce a cikin gida zata iya kaiwa tsayin mita 1,5. A cikin floraculture na cikin gida, ana amfani dashi galibi azaman shuka tare da furanni masu girma. Ganyen suna da duhu kore, suna fitar da azurfa mara nauyi a ƙarƙashin hasken wucin gadi. A cikin liana, suna gaban su a kan gajerun petioles, suna da siffar ovate mai zagaye ko siffa lanceolate, har zuwa 4-10 cm tsayi.
Flowering yana da yawa kuma yana da tsawo, daga Fabrairu zuwa Oktoba. Furen suna kaɗaici, tubular, tsayin 2-3 cm. Ana ba da fara’a ta musamman na furanni ta hanyar balaga na gashin gashi masu laushi. A cikin furanni, furannin corolla, orange-ja ko ja mai haske, sun girma tare don samar da bututu mai kumbura a gindi. Zuwa saman furen, tukwici na kyauta na petals suna canza launi zuwa rawaya mai haske, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa shuka ya karɓi sunansa na biyu, manettia mai launi biyu.
Манетия. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Alejandro Bayer Tamayo
Siffofin kulawa don manettia a gida
Wuri na cikin gida
Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawan furanni koyaushe suna buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi. Manettia yana kumbura, duk da cewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi yana girma a ƙarƙashin alfarwar dajin, ya kai iyakar flowering tare da wani adadin hasken rana kai tsaye da safe kuma yana yadawa, amma haske mai haske a rana.
Idan babu haske, yana samar da ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi. Tare da wuce kima lighting, ganye rasa su m launi, juya kodadde kuma sau da yawa fadi a kashe. Don ci gaba na al’ada da haɓaka, yawanci ana sanya rigar a cikin ɗakuna masu haske, an rufe su daga hasken rana kai tsaye lokacin abincin rana.
Bukatar zafin iska
Mafi kyawun yanayin zafi don girma da ci gaba shine 22-26 ºC, mafi girman yanayin zafi yana damuwa. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a cire tsire-tsire daga batura masu zafi kuma a sanyaya su tare da yanayin iska tsakanin 15-16 ºC, ba ƙasa da +12 ºC ba.
Bukatar ƙasa
Cakuda ƙasa a ƙarƙashin rigar dole ne ya zama sako-sako, haske, mai gina jiki sosai, mai rauni acidic (pH = 5-5,5).
An shirya kayan aikin daga 50% heather ƙasa da 50% sauran ƙasa additives. Idan babu zafi a kusa, zaka iya amfani da ƙasa daga gandun daji na Pine. Cire saman Layer 5-8 cm, niƙa kuma ƙara cakuda wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 1 na yashi da sassa 2 na ciyawa, peat da ƙasa mai ganye. Dukkan sassan an haɗe su sosai kuma an wadatar da su tare da takin gargajiya (humus) a cikin adadin 15-20% na yawan cakuda ƙasa.
Humus ya zama dole don ƙara ƙura, ruwa da iska. Idan babu yiwuwar shirya kai na substrate, zaka iya siyan shirye-shiryen da aka yi a cikin kantin sayar da (haɗin kai don geraniums). Substrate slack lokacin kula da manettia ana kiyaye shi ta hanyar sassautawa akai-akai bayan shayarwa.
Shayar da alkyabbar
Manettia mai kumbura a matsayin wakilin danshi subtropics, wanda ya samar da babban taro a ƙasa, yana buƙatar shayarwa mai yawa. Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance mai ɗanɗano koyaushe (ba rigar) a cikin akwati ba. Ana aiwatar da shayarwa ta gaba lokacin da saman 3-5 cm na ƙasan ƙasa ya bushe. A cikin hunturu, ana aiwatar da shayarwa tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 10.
Zuba rafi mai kyau a gefen kwanon har sai ruwa ya bayyana a cikin tukunyar. Sa’o’i 0,5 bayan shayarwa, an cire ruwa daga kwanon rufi. Tsire-tsire ba sa jure wa bushewa da danshi mai yawa daga coma na ƙasa. Don ban ruwa, yi amfani da tsayayyen ruwa, mafi kyau tace, taushi da dumi. Ban ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi na chlorinated yana haifar da cututtuka har ma da mutuwar shuka.
Manettia yana son zafi a cikin iska, musamman a yanayin zafi. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a fesa tsire-tsire akai-akai sau 2-3 a mako. Bugu da ƙari, ana sanya kwantena tare da tsire-tsire a kan pallets tare da yumbu mai yalwaci. Ko da yaushe m, shi zai taimaka wajen haifar da wani microclimate tare da high iska zafi. Ya kamata a jika tsire-tsire masu tukwane a mako-mako a cikin akwati na ruwa na 0,5 hours.
Manettia. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Carol Foil
Ciyar da mari
Ana ciyar da Manettia a lokacin girma da haɓaka aiki (Maris-Satumba) tare da takin fure a cikin ruwa sau ɗaya kowane mako 1 a ƙarƙashin ban ruwa. An rage adadin taki da aka ba da shawarar da rabi. Overfeeding yana haifar da raguwar juriya ga cututtuka da kwari. Tufafin ma’adinai suna musanya da na halitta. Game da teaspoon na granulated taki ana amfani da shi a karkashin wani daji, wanda za’a iya saya a kantin furanni.
Haihuwar Mantle
Manettia baya cikin dogon hanta kuma yana buƙatar sabuntawa akai-akai ta hanyar sake dasa sabbin tsire-tsire. Tsire-tsire matasa suna girma sosai kuma tsofaffin samfurori sun rasa roƙon su, suna rataye da ɗanɗano mai tushe. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a ci gaba da samun samfurori na samari waɗanda aka samo daga tushen tushen ko ta hanyar yaduwar iri.
Sake haifuwa ta tsaba
An shirya micro greenhouse don shuka iri. An dasa ƙasan ƙasa tare da cakuda peat da yashi (1: 1). Bayan shuka, ana kiyaye zafi mai zafi a cikin greenhouse ta hanyar fesa iska ta cikin kwalban feshi mai kyau, kuma yawan zafin jiki yana cikin + 23- + 25 ºC. Harbe suna bayyana a cikin makonni 2-3. Seedlings girma a cikin shekaru 20-22 kwanaki suna tsoma a cikin daban-daban tukwane tare da cakuda ƙasa ciyawa da ƙasa leafy. Seedling kula ne na al’ada. Ana dashen tsire-tsire na dindindin, lokacin da ɗigon ƙasa ya kafe gaba ɗaya.
Sake haifuwa ta hanyar yanka
Za’a iya tattara kayan lambu don haifuwa daga Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu ta hanyar pruning inabi tare da kara ko apical cuttings.
- An yanke yankan zuwa tsayin 8-10 cm, an yi yankan nan da nan a ƙasa da ƙananan ganye. Ana yanke ƙananan ganye kuma a sanya su kafin dasa shuki na tsawon sa’o’i 1-2 a cikin tushen tushen bayani ko wasu abubuwan da ke motsa tushen tsarin.
- Shirya cakuda ƙasa peat da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1.
- Disinfect da shirya tukwane. Samar da magudanar ruwa mai kyau da kuma rufe kayan da aka shirya. Danshi da kyau (zaka iya amfani da maganin da aka samo cuttings). Kuna iya dasa yankan 1-2 a cikin tukwane 4.
- An rufe yankan da jakar gaskiya kuma a sanya shi a wuri mai dumi a ƙarƙashin wani haske mai haske. Ka kiyaye yanayin iska da ƙasa a matakin da ya dace. Ana amfani da dumama ƙasa idan ya cancanta. Rooting yana daga makonni 2 zuwa watanni 1,0-1,5.
Manettia. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Carol Foil
Dasawa
An dasa tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin tukwane daban-daban ko tukwane a shekara. Ana yin dasawa kafin fure, ta amfani da cakuda ƙasa da aka saba don waɗannan tsire-tsire. Don saurin fure, ana ɗaukar tukunyar girman girman 1 kawai lokacin dasawa. A cikin irin wannan mawuyacin yanayi, rigar ta yi fure da sauri, tana ƙoƙarin samar da kanta da zuriya.
Zai fi kyau a dasa tsire-tsire masu girma lokacin da tushen da suka girma ya bayyana daga ƙasa mai sanyi a cikin akwati. Ana iya haɗuwa da dasa shuki tare da pruning na cardinal. Zai fi kyau kada a dasa tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin tallafi ko phytowall, amma kawai don maye gurbin saman Layer na cakuda ƙasa tare da sabon abun da ke ciki.
Gyara alkyabbar da samar da yawan iska
Za a iya samar da rigar a cikin nau’i na daji ko liana akan tallafi. A matsayin tallafi, zaku iya amfani da baka, grids, lattices da sauran na’urori. Don samun siffar daji, ana yin pruning a cikin bazara kafin fure, yanke harbe a cikin rabi kuma a datse gashin idanu masu girma a lokacin bazara.
Yin amfani da manetta a ciki
- Girma a cikin tukwane yana da kyau akan tagogin kudu maso yamma, yana jan hankali tare da kyawawan furanni masu yawa, mafi yawan shekara.
- Lokacin da aka girma a cikin tukwane masu rataye, ana samun kyakkyawan shuka mai ban sha’awa, wanda busassun rataye, wanda aka rufe da kyawawan ganye tare da fitilun furanni masu haske, suna ba da fara’a ta musamman ga ɗakin.
- Ana iya yin phytowall a cikin nau’i na ampelous ko ta ɗaga kurangar inabi a kan tallafin lattice. Ana iya amfani da irin wannan nau’in phytowall don raba makaranta ko kusurwar kwamfuta a cikin ɗaki.
Manettia. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Serres Forier
Kare rigar daga cututtuka da kwari.
Kamar kowane tsire-tsire, cututtuka da kwari suna shafar manettia, amma don kare kariya daga lalacewa a cikin daki, an haramta amfani da sinadarai.
Daga cikin kwari, aphids, thrips da gizo-gizo mites sun fi shafar alkyabbar. Don amfanin gona na cikin gida ana bada shawarar fesa tare da samfuran halitta waɗanda basu da lahani ga mutane da dabbobi «Fitoverm», «Entobacterin».
Idan akwai alamun cutar (wilting na shuka, digo na harbe da sauransu), zaka iya amfani da samfurori na halitta “Fitosporin”, Alirin-B tare da samfurin nazarin halittu “Gamair”, “Iskra-Bio”. Don kare tsire-tsire na cikin gida, zaka iya amfani da wasu samfurori na halitta daga lissafin da aka yarda, wanda aka canza kowace shekara kuma an cika shi da sababbin kafofin watsa labaru.
Duk samfuran halitta da aka ba da shawarar waɗanda ke kare tsire-tsire na cikin gida daga kwari da cututtuka dole ne a yi amfani da su sosai daidai da shawarwarin da aka nuna akan kunshin ko ɗan littafin koyarwa.
