dabarar shirya don hunturu –

Gladioli suna da saurin kamuwa da yanayin sanyi. Don canja wurin hunturu, saura a ƙasa, ba za su iya ba. Idan kuna son samun shuka mai yawan furanni, yakamata ku tono shi a cikin fall don hana shi daskarewa.

Gladioli: t nkosti shiri don hunturu

Mafi kyawun lokacin

Tambaya, lokacin tono gladioli, yana burge yawancin masu noman noma. A wannan lokacin, dole ne a yi la’akari da dalilai da yawa: yanki mai girma da iri-iri.

Dangane da iri-iri

Dogaro da iri-iri na thermophilic perennials dole ne ya kasance da alaƙa da lokacin fure daban-daban – kowane nau’in yana sakin harbi na ƙarshe a cikin wani ɗan lokaci, don haka yana da matsala don gano ainihin kwanakin noma.

Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye kimanin kwanaki 30 daga lokacin da gladiolus ya ɓace, wannan ya isa shuka don samun ƙarfi kafin lokacin hunturu.

Zai fi kyau a tono kwararan fitila a cikin yanayin da bai balaga ba, wanda zai ba ku damar kiyaye matsakaicin adadin yara yayin da suke girma daga daji uwar.

Lokacin motsa jiki. A cikin aikin agrotechnical, wajibi ne a bi wasu nuances:

• Na farko, ana girbi iri na farko da matsakaici, sannan a makara da kuma samfuran da aka noma a cikin wannan lokacin na yara.
• Iri-iri tare da duhu launi na harbe – ja, baki, burgundy, purple – suna da mafi raunin rigakafi ga cututtuka da kwari, don haka an cire su da farko.
• A ƙarshe, ana tona ƙwanƙwasa matasa saboda dogon lokacin balaga. Hakanan ya shafi gladiolus na Japan daga Montbrecia.

Ya danganta da yankin

Kwanakin sun bambanta saboda yanayin yanayi daban-daban.

B Gladioli an haƙa a tsakiyar da Moscow yankin a watan Satumba saboda flowering a karshen Yuli.

A cikin Urals da Siberiya kawai za ku iya girma iri-iri na farko waɗanda suke girma kawai a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Satumba. Ana aiwatar da aikin har sai an kafa yanayin daskarewa na farko.

A kudanci, lokacin ayyukan noma yana faɗuwa tsakanin Agusta da Oktoba.

Yadda ake tono

Yin tono don kwararan fitila yana da kyau a yi shi a rana mai dumi, rana, wannan zai samar da bushewar iri da sauri a nan gaba kuma ya rage haɗarin lalacewa. Kuna buƙatar felu na bayoneti ko farar fata.

Matsayi:

1. Ana fitar da felu a tsaye a cikin ƙasa, yayin da yake janye kusan 20 cm daga gindin furen. Bayan girgiza kayan aiki a wurare daban-daban, a hankali zazzage tushen tsarin tare da dunƙule na ƙasa kuma sanya shi akan kowane abu mai rufewa.
2. Lokacin da substrate ya bushe sosai, zai girgiza. Ana shirya kwararan fitila ta hanyar rarraba yara. Yi watsi da tsofaffi, lalacewa da ruɓaɓɓen sassa. Hakanan, kuna buƙatar yanke faranti na tsare, barin 5-8 cm don tsayin duka.
3. Dangane da maganin phytosporin bisa ga umarnin. Hakanan ana ba da izinin shirya maganin soda gishiri (cokali 5 na soda da cokali 1 na gishiri ga kowane lita 10 na ruwa). Ana yin waɗannan magudin ne da nufin hana cututtuka.
4. Rarraba ta girma da iri-iri. Ba a ba da shawarar kwasfa kwararan fitila daga harsashi na waje ba.
5. A bushe da kyau. Ana aika su don ajiya zuwa ginshiƙi ko cellar, inda babu zafi mai yawa.

Lokacin rarraba tubers, ya kamata a biya hankali ga halaye masu kyau na iri, wanda za’a iya ƙayyade ta daban-daban ma’auni.

• Shekaru An yi la’akari da mafi yawan amfani da sassan matasa (yara).
• Girma. Da kyau, diamita na kwan fitila bai wuce 4 cm ba, a ƙasa – 1.
• Halayen Waje: A cikin samfura masu inganci, flakes ɗin suna da launin zinari ko ja, kuma babu duhu ko tabo a saman. Ya kamata ku kuma duba tushen tubers, wanda ya kamata a isasshe kafa ta lokacin aikin kaka.

Dokokin ajiya don gladioli

Shiri

Bayan digging, da tubers ya kamata a bushe

Tubers suna kula da canje-canje a cikin zafi da zafin jiki: dole ne a kiyaye yanayin al’ada yayin sauran lokacin amfanin gona na dogon lokaci.

Don hunturu gladioli yadda ya kamata, ya kamata a bi matakai masu zuwa.

• Ana wanke kwararan fitila sosai kuma ana bi da su tare da rauni mai rauni na potassium permanganate. Sa’an nan kuma an rarraba tubers a cikin nau’i-nau’i, an sanya su a cikin jaka na gauze na gida kuma a tsoma su a cikin shiri na musamman, wanda za’a iya amfani dashi tare da Intavir, Maxim, KHOM.
• Dry don kwanaki 4, yada a kan shimfidar kwance kuma rarraba a cikin akwatunan katako tare da perforations. A cikinsu, iri zai kai ga yadda ake so na kimanin watanni 1,5. Don tabbatar da bushewa iri-iri, ana ba da shawarar cewa a juye corms cikin tsari, idan zai yiwu kowace rana. Matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka yarda a wannan matakin shine 22 ° C.
• Idan kwan fitila yana da ɗan lahani, ba lallai ba ne a jefar da shi. A wannan yanayin, an yanke ɓangaren lalacewa sannan kuma a bi da shi tare da kore mai haske. A lokaci guda, ware daga sauran. Idan samfurori na rigar sun kasance a cikin jimlar taro, wannan zai iya haifar da lalacewa ga dukan abu saboda yaduwar cututtukan fungal ko kwayan cuta.
• A lokacin ƙarin ajiya, ya kamata a sarrafa zafi na iska, wanda bai kamata ya wuce 75% ba, da tsarin zafin jiki a cikin yanki na 8 ° C.
• A cikin rabi na biyu na hunturu, ana lura da germination na tuber sau da yawa. A wannan lokacin, wajibi ne don samar da isasshen haske, ba tare da tsoron tayar da furen ba kafin lokaci. Misalai tare da koren harbe na iya zama cikin kwanciyar hankali har zuwa dasa shuki.

Zabi wuri

Ko da ba zai yiwu a ci gaba da shuka a cikin ginshiki ba, cimma yiwuwar zama mai dadi a gida, alal misali, a baranda na ɗakin. Babban abu shine a duba tsarin tsari da rarraba samfuran lalacewa.

A cikin ginshiki

Ginin ƙasa ko ginshiƙi shine ɗakin da ya fi dacewa inda zaku iya adana fure a cikin kaka saboda ƙarancin yanayin zafi da rashin canjin zafi. .

A wannan yanayin, ana tattara tubers a cikin akwatunan katako da aka shigar bisa ga ka’idar dala. Yana da kyau a yi ramuka a cikin akwati don iska. A sakamakon haka, yana yiwuwa ba kawai don ajiye sararin samaniya ba, amma har ma don samar da iska mai dacewa.

Idan babu kwantena masu dacewa, ana ba da izinin yin amfani da safa na nylon na yau da kullun dangane da nau’in ajiyar albasa.

Ba a ba da shawarar sanya gladioli kusa da ‘ya’yan itatuwa da kayan marmari ba, tunda suna fitar da danshi mai yawa. A sakamakon haka, haɗarin mold lalacewa ga tubers yana ƙaruwa. Magance matsalar ta hanyar rarraba tsaba, bushe su gaba ɗaya.

Banda shi ne kore apple da Mint (za su iya, idan ya cancanta, dakatar da farkawa na shuka).

A cikin Apartment

Don adana gladioli dace a cikin hunturu:

• Zaure. A lokaci guda kuma, kowane tuber yana nannade cikin takarda kuma a nannade shi a saman tare da jaka mai yawan ramuka, don kada yaduwa a ciki.
• Balcony mai tagogi masu kyalli biyu. An jera corms a jere a cikin akwatuna masu raɗaɗi, waɗanda aka sanya a kan pallet. Idan zafin jiki ya ragu da yawa a cikin hunturu, ya kamata a cire akwati a cikin dakin kuma a sanya shi kusa da ƙofar baranda. Har ila yau, an yarda a rufe shi a cikin yadudduka da yawa tare da bargon auduga kuma a bar wuri guda.
• Tukwane mai ramukan magudanar ruwa ko kwantena. A wannan yanayin, ana zubar da toka na itace ko yashi mai laushi zuwa ƙasa. Ana sanya akwati akan taga sill.

A cikin firiji

Tubers suna tsoron danshi

Kuna iya adana tubers gladiolus a cikin firiji. Don wannan, an nannade iri daban a cikin yadudduka na jaridu da yawa kuma a bar shi a cikin daki don adana kayan lambu.

Yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi. A babban saurin yau da kullun, ana canza marufi kowane kwanaki 7.

Idan danshi ya samo asali a cikin kwararan fitila, an jera su, idan ya cancanta, an gyara sassan da suka lalace kuma an sarrafa su, sun bushe gaba daya.

A cikin ramuka

Hanyar da za a iya adana gladioli har sai bazara a cikin yanayin yanayi. An ba da izinin lokacin sanyi mai laushi. Ya ƙunshi tono ramuka zuwa zurfin 80 cm a nesa da ruwan ƙasa.

Corms suna jurewa daidaitaccen pruning da sarrafa su, bayan haka ana shimfida su a duk lokacin hutu. A saman, an rufe su da wani lokacin farin ciki na busassun foliage da fim don hana daskarewa da danshi. Ana aiwatar da aikin kafin farkon sanyi.

Yadda ake kare kwararan fitila daga kwari

Rigakafin cututtuka da kwari zai zama da amfani bayan girbi gladioli daga ƙasa, daga cikin ƙarshen furen ya fi sauƙi ga thrips. .

Don shuka tsire-tsire masu lafiya a cikin kakar mai zuwa, kuna buƙatar yin amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin aminci:

• Ƙara kawunan tafarnuwa da aka yanka a cikin kwano, sanya su tsakanin tsaba. Yayin da kayan lambu ya bushe, an maye gurbin shi da sabo. Naphthalene yana da irin wannan dukiya.
• Rufe tare da Layer na paraffin, wanda dole ne a cire shi kafin dasa fure. Zai hana lalata iri a duk lokacin ajiyar hunturu. Ana amfani da samfuran lafiya kawai.
• Bi da kayan aiki na musamman a cikin nau’in feshi tare da aikin da nufin yaƙar kwari. Ana sanya tubers da farko a cikin jakar filastik inda aka yayyafa shirye-shiryen. Bayan barin har zuwa 1 hour.
• Maganin zafi. Ana amfani da irin wannan hanyar don gano thrips. A kwararan fitila na minti 5 suna nutsewa a cikin wani ruwa mai tsanani zuwa 50 ° kuma gaba daya bushe a karshen hanya.
• Idan akwai lahani, a wanke da sabulun wanki, sannan a bi da duk wani maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta, bayan cire ruɓaɓɓen sassa. An haramta shi sosai don adanawa a cikin tsohuwar akwati.

Lokacin shuka

Daidaitaccen shiri na gladioli don hunturu shine kyakkyawan gudummawa ga ci gaban wannan fure mai kyau da lush don shekara mai zuwa, Daga cikin fa’idodin, ana iya lura da ƙaramin lokaci da ƙoƙari.

Lokacin daga tono har zuwa lokacin farkawa na farko shine kwanaki 35-40.