Saboda bayyanar da ba a saba gani ba, nolina (bokarnea) yana da wasu sunaye: “ƙafar giwa”, “wutsiya doki”. Kututturen nolina yayi kama da kwalban, wanda kuma yana da suna na uku: “Bishiyar kwalban.” Ƙunƙarar da ke cikin ƙananan ɓangaren gangar jikin yana hidima don tara danshi. Ganyen Nolina suna da kunkuntar, dogaye, tare da ƙarshen mai nunawa. Rod Nolin (Nolina), da Beaucarnei (Beaucarneayana da kusan nau’ikan tsirrai 30 na dangin Agave (Agavaceae), na kowa a Arewacin Amirka, musamman a Mexico.
Nolina ko Beaucarnea. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Robert
Yawancin lokaci waɗannan ƙananan bishiyoyi ne tare da tushe mai kumbura na gangar jikin. Wannan kumburi ne mai tasiri mai tara ruwa kuma yana ba da damar nolins su rayu a wuraren da a zahiri ake ruwan sama sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a shekara. Ganyayyaki masu tsayi da kunkuntar suma suna taimakawa wajen tsira a cikin irin wannan yanayi, wadanda ke da ikon dunkulewa a cikin rugugi masu yawa a cikin matsanancin yanayi na zafi don haka yana matukar rage fitar da iska.
Wasu masu haraji kuma sun haɗa da asalin Bocarney (Beaucarnea) daga iyali daya. Wasu daga cikin nau’ikan kayan ado na yau da kullun ana san su da sunaye da yawa a lokaci ɗaya, alal misali, nau’in Beaucarnea recurvata kuma an san shi sosai da Nolina recurvata (yawanci shine sunan farko wanda ake ɗaukar inganci).
Abun ciki:
Bayanin nolina
Nolina, ko kuma ana kiranta Bocarnea, na iya zama abin sha’awa a matsayin tsire-tsire mai tsayi guda ɗaya wanda baya buƙatar kulawa. Kumbura, gindin bulbous yana riƙe da ruwa, don haka rashin danshi na ɗan lokaci a tushen ba zai haifar da lalacewa ga shuka ba. Saboda wannan tushe, shuka ya sami sunan sananne a cikin Ingilishi “kafar giwa”, kuma saboda kambi na tsayi mai tsayi, ganye mai siffar bel – “horsetail”. Nolina ita ce watakila itacen kwalba da aka fi sani da ita a kasuwar Rasha.
“Bishiyoyin kwalba”, wato tsire-tsire masu kauri mai kauri wanda ke adana danshi, kumbura a gindi, suna da farin jini sosai ga masu son tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Dalilan wannan sanannen shine sauƙin kulawa, juriya na bishiyoyin kwalba don bushewar iska da yanayin zafi da yawa kuma, ba shakka, bayyanar su ta ban mamaki. Nolina (bokarnea) yana da ban sha’awa musamman a cikin ɗakunan da ke da ƙirar zamani (a cikin manyan fasahohin zamani da na fusion), ana amfani da ita azaman tsire-tsire na ado.
A karkashin yanayi na halitta, nolina (bokarnea) rassan bayan fure, duk da haka masu shiga cikin Yaren mutanen Holland sun sami sakamako iri ɗaya a cikin ɗan lokaci tare da aski. Wani kututture mai kauri (har zuwa mita 1 a diamita) yana sama da guntu masu kyan gani na ciyayi masu faɗowa.
Tabbas, babban nolina mai kyau yana kashe kuɗi da yawa. Saboda haka, ana sayar da tsire-tsire matasa sau da yawa ta hanyar sanya da yawa daga cikinsu a cikin tukunya. Irin wannan kayan shuka ya fi arha, amma samuwar “itacen kwalba” na iya ɗaukar fiye da kakar guda ɗaya. Yana da matukar wahala a sanya nolina fure a cikin dakuna.
Tushen nolina suna girma cikin faɗin, amma ba cikin zurfi ba (a gida, ana samun wannan shuka mai ban mamaki a cikin ƙasa mai dutse tare da ƙaramin ƙasa mai laushi). Saboda wannan dalili, Nolins na buƙatar wadataccen kayan abinci da magudanar ruwa mai kyau. Za’a iya yada wani yanki na tsakuwa mai kyau a kan ƙasa don hana ɓawon burodi da kuma jaddada halayen kayan ado na nolina.
Bocarnea na bakin ciki (Beaucarnea gracilis) ko nolina na bakin ciki (Nolina gracilis). Manoma Burea-Uinsurance.com Zruda
Kula da nolina a gida
Nolina, ko Bokarneya, tsire-tsire ne mara kyau, kuma ba shi da wahala a shuka shi har ma don fara lambun lambu. Yana jin mafi kyau a wuri mai haske, amma ya kamata a guji hasken rana kai tsaye. A cikin lokacin kaka-hunturu, wajibi ne don haɓaka shuka tare da fitilu masu kyalli.
A cikin lokacin bazara-rani, nolina (bokarnea) yana jure yanayin zafi da kyau. A cikin kowane lokaci, wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa babu zane-zane, yana jure musu da rashin ƙarfi.
A lokacin rani, ana iya fitar da shuka a waje, amma dole ne a sanya shi ta hanyar da za a kare shi daga iska da ruwan sama.
A cikin lokacin kaka-hunturu, domin shuka ya shiga lokacin hutawa, ana rage yawan zafin jiki a hankali zuwa 10 ° C. Idan dai kuna da kwarewa wajen girma cacti da succulents, za ku iya ci gaba da nolin a cikin lokaci daga Nuwamba zuwa Nuwamba. Janairu. a zafin jiki na 3-5 ° C, a wannan yanayin zafi mafi kyau an halicce su don lokacin rashin aiki.
A cikin ƙasarsu, Nolins suna girma a tsayin da ke da nisan kusan mita 3000 sama da matakin teku, inda da dare iska kan yi sanyi zuwa munanan dabi’u, ta yadda za su iya jure wa yanayin zafi kaɗan. Mafi sau da yawa, a cikin yanayin daki, ba kowa ba ne ke da damar samar da nolina (bokarne) tare da zafin jiki mai dacewa don lokacin rashin aiki, kuma ya kasance ba tare da shi ba. A dakin da zafin jiki, shuka ba ya shiga cikin kwanciyar hankali kuma ya ci gaba da girma, a wannan lokacin ya zama dole don samar da haske mai kyau ga nolin.
A cikin lokacin bazara-rani, nolina (bokarney) ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ruwa na ƙasa (ƙasa da tukunya tare da shuka zuwa akwati da ruwa, da kuma cire shi lokacin da babban Layer na substrate ya haskaka, ba da izini). Ruwan da ya wuce gona da iri don magudana da sanya shi a wuri na dindindin). Ya kamata a yi shayarwa na gaba lokacin da clod na duniya ya bushe gaba daya. Idan kun ci gaba da nolina a cikin kaka da hunturu a dakin da zafin jiki, ba tare da lokacin hutawa ba, ya kamata a shayar da shi kamar yadda yake a lokacin rani.
A mafi yawan zafin jiki, abun ciki a cikin hunturu yana ƙaruwa da zafi na iska, lokaci-lokaci fesa ganye. Watering ya kamata a iyakance (a zazzabi na 10..15 ° C) ko gaba daya tsaya (a yanayin zafi kasa da 10 ° C) idan kun ci gaba da nolin a ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma kuna cikin lokacin hutu. Kada a manta cewa ruwa mai yawa ga nolin, kamar yadda duk sauran tsire-tsire na hamada, na iya zama m (ruwan ruwa a cikin hunturu yana da haɗari musamman, don kauce wa wannan, yawancin masu shuka suna amfani da ban ruwa).
A cikin yanayin ɗaki, nolina baya buƙatar fesa, amma ganye ya kamata a tsabtace lokaci-lokaci tare da soso mai laushi mai laushi. A cikin daji, Nolins suna jawo ruwa ta hanyar tattara raɓa mai yawa na mazauninsu. Dogayen ganyen saƙarƙari suna zama masu tara danshi, tare da raɓar da ke gudana zuwa tsakiyar kambi sannan kuma tare da gangar jikin zuwa tushen. Tare da wannan, Nolin suna daidaita ƙarancin ƙarancin ruwan sama na yanayin ƙasarsu. Kuna iya kwaikwayon raɓa ta hanyar fesa kambi da ruwan dafaffen dumi. Amma kar a yi shi da rana mai zafi. Mafi kyawun lokacin shine safiya ko maraice.
Nolins (bokarnei) suna girma da sauri a cikin ‘yan shekarun farko kuma a cikin shekaru 6-7 a hannu mai kyau sun zama tsire-tsire na ƙasa. Sabili da haka, yin amfani da ƙarin riguna ba shi da ma’ana sosai. Idan har yanzu kuna son ciyar da shukar ku, yi amfani da gaurayawan ma’adinan ruwa. Ana yin suturar sau ɗaya kowane mako uku. Yi ƙaddamar da takin da aka gama sau 1,5-2 ƙasa da wanda aka nuna akan kunshin.
A bayyane yake cewa duk kayan ado na sama za a iya yi kawai a lokacin lokacin girma mai girma na shuka kuma kawai bayan yalwar ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsabta. Yawan nitrogen yana haifar da raguwa a cikin taurin ganye. Kuna iya ciyar da shi tare da jiko mai mahimmanci na takin gargajiya (ana yin mullein a cikin rabo na 1:20).
Don dasa shuki nolin, koyaushe suna amfani da madaidaiciya, fadi, amma jita-jita marasa zurfi. Ya kamata a sami rami a gindinsa don magudanar ruwa. A samansa an ɗora wani babban magudanar ruwa na ƙananan duwatsu ko yumbu mai faɗi. Duk wannan zai taimaka hana samuwar ruwa maras kyau, wanda babu makawa ya haifar da rubewar tushen.
Tushen nolina yana girma cikin faɗin, amma ba cikin zurfi ba (a gida, ana samun wannan shuka mai ban mamaki a cikin ƙasa mai dutse tare da ƙaramin ƙasa mai laushi). Saboda wannan dalili, Nolins suna buƙatar wadataccen kayan abinci da magudanar ruwa mai kyau. Za a iya zubar da tsakuwa mai kyau a kan ƙasan ƙasa don hana ɓawon burodi da kuma jaddada halayen ado na nolina (bokarnea).
Ana aiwatar da dashen Nolin ne kawai bayan cikakken haɗe tare da tushen ɗigon ƙasa. Ana dasa tsire-tsire matasa kowace shekara, manya – sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3-4. Ana dasa su a zurfin daidai kamar da. Bayan dasawa, kwanaki 3-4 na farko bai kamata a shayar da su ba. Don haɓaka girma, sau ɗaya a shekara a cikin bazara, ana bada shawara don canja wurin nolina matasa zuwa tukunya mafi girma (2-4 cm fiye da diamita).
Ana buƙatar cakuda ƙasa mai laushi, alal misali, peat, ƙasa mai ganye, yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2, ko: ƙasa turf, ƙasa mai ganye, humus, peat da yashi (1: 1: 1: 1: 1: XNUMX). . Kuna iya yin cakuda ƙasan lambu da yashi mara nauyi tare da ƙarin tsakuwa mai kyau.
Nolina (bokarnea) shuka ce mai dacewa don tsarin girma na hydroponic.
Nolina ya fita. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Dropsik
Haihuwar Nolin
Kiwon nolin yana da wahala sosai. Babban hanyar ita ce shuka iri, wanda shine abin da masu noman Holland ke yi. Idan kun sayi nolin da yawa a cikin tukunya ɗaya, zaku iya dasa su a cikin tukwane daban. Wasu lokuta ana tayar da buds na gefe a gindin harbi, daga inda ake tada hanyoyin. Kuna iya ƙoƙarin yadawa tare da matakai na gefe.
Nolina iri yaduwa
Ana jiƙa tsaba a cikin ruwan dumi na tsawon sa’o’i 24-48, ana iya jiƙa su a cikin epine ko zircon. An dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai laushi wanda ya ƙunshi peat da yashi (a cikin rabo na 1: 1). Ana sanya tsaba a saman kuma a yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai laushi, amma ta yadda zaren ya zama daidai da girman iri. Don germination na nolina tsaba, ana buƙatar haske, an sanya akwati tare da tsaba a ƙarƙashin fitilu masu kyalli.
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don germination shine + 21… 25 digiri, ba ƙasa da 20. Gabaɗaya, tsaba suna tsiro a cikin makonni 3-4. Wajibi ne a saka idanu da danshi abun ciki na substrate, kada ya zama ma jika, optimally moderately rigar. Ana iya rufe akwati tare da tsaba da gilashi ko tare da jaka, idan condensation ya bayyana, ya zama dole don shayar da kwano ta hanyar cire tsari.
Lokacin da tsiron ya yi ƙarfi, ana tsoma su cikin tukwane ɗaya daidai da girman seedling nolina. Ana buƙatar cakuda ƙasa mai laushi, alal misali, peat, ƙasa mai ganye, yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2, ko: ƙasa turf, ƙasa mai ganye, humus, peat da yashi (1: 1: 1: 1: 1: XNUMX). . Kuna iya yin cakuda ƙasan lambu da yashi mara nauyi tare da ƙarin tsakuwa mai kyau. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da shirye-shiryen da aka yi don nolina (bokarnei).
Ƙarin kulawa iri ɗaya ne da na girma shuka.
Nolina longifolia (Nolina longifolia). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Stephking56
Haihuwa ta hanyar matakai na gefe.
Lokacin da nolina ya ninka, tsarin gefe yana katsewa a hankali ta hanyar matakai na gefe. Suna da tushen su a cikin ƙasa mai laushi wanda aka kafa ta peat, yashi da perlite (vermiculite). An cika tukunyar da wani rigar cakuda, an niƙa shi kuma a rataye shi da fegi. Ana shuka tsiro a cikin ramuka kuma ana danna ƙasa kusa.
An rufe tsarin dasa shuki tare da murfi mai haske kuma an sanya shi a wuri mai dumi. Wajibi ne a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a cikin 21..26 ° C, kullum fesa da iska akai-akai. Lokacin da sabon ganye ya bayyana akan tushen shuka, ana cire hular kuma a hankali matashin shuka ya saba da sabon yanayin kulawa.
Nau’in nolina
Ko da yake akwai game da 30 jinsin a cikin HALITTAR Nolin, shi ne yafi adana Nolina ya bayyana (Nolina recurvata), kuma sani kamar Bent bokarnea (Beaucarnea ya sake dawowa). Kututturen yana tsaye, yana faɗaɗa ƙasa, yana yin kauri mai bulbous. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, gangar jikin ya kai tsayin 8-10 m – hoto, tushe ya kai mita 1 a diamita.
A cikin noman greenhouse, tsayin tsire-tsire sau da yawa ba ya wuce 1,5 m, a saman shukar akwai ɗimbin bandeji na ganyen layi mai tsayi wanda ya kai kusan mita biyu a tsayi. Ana amfani da dogayen ganyen Nolina mai ƙarfi a ƙasarta ta Mexico don saƙa kwanduna da shahararrun huluna. An fallasa ƙananan ɓangaren tushe kuma an rufe shi da wani zane mai laushi mai launin toka mai launin toka wanda ke karewa daga zubar da ruwa.
Nolina mai tsayi mai tsayi (Nolina Longifolia) DA Ƙananan ‘ya’yan itace Nolina (Nolina microcarpa) ana samun su a cikin wuraren shakatawa da wuraren shakatawa a bakin tekun Black Sea na Caucasus da Crimea. A can za ku iya sha’awar dogayen nolin buds na ƙananan furanni masu yawa.
Nolina (bokarnea) tsire-tsire ne mai sauƙi, kuma ba shi da wahala a shuka shi har ma ga masu son furen cikin gida. Yana jin mafi kyau a wuri mai haske, amma ya kamata a guji hasken rana kai tsaye.
Нолина Парри (Nolina parryi). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Spidra Webster
Cututtuka da kwari na nolina.
Nolins na cikin gida ba sa kamuwa da cuta fiye da kima kuma da wuya kwaro su zauna akan su. Don folded nolina (bokarnea), kulawa mai kyau shine tushen ingantaccen shuka, kuma tushen kula da nolina shine shayarwa. Tare da yawan shayarwa, bokarney, wanda ke da nasa danshi a cikin caudex, da ganyen da suka dace da yanayin jeji, ba zai iya daidaita danshi mai yawa ba. Ganyensa sun fara rufewa da ɗimbin launin ruwan kasa, harbe-harbe ya zama taushi, kuma tushen ya rube.
Yawan ruwan sama a ƙananan zafin jiki da rashin haske yana da haɗari musamman. Kuna iya ƙoƙarin ajiye irin wannan shuka. Yanke duk ruɓatattun sassa, a bi da su da gawayi mai kunnawa, sannan a dasa nolin zuwa sabuwar ƙasa, busasshiyar ƙasa. Bayan dasawa, kada a sha ruwa na akalla mako guda, sannan a sha ruwa kadan.
Idan nolina ya bushe, dalilin zai iya zama bushewar iska ko yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki. A wannan yanayin, zaka iya fesa shuka, amma danshi ya kamata ya kai ga ganye kawai ba gangar jikin ba. In ba haka ba, launin ruwan kasa spots kafa a kan gangar jikin, zai iya rot. Ganyen suna bushewa daga shayarwa kaɗan da kuma rashin tanadin kayan abinci a cikin ƙasa. Tsofaffin ƙananan ganye za su bushe, wanda yake al’ada kuma bai kamata ya zama abin damuwa ba. A kowane hali, yana da kyau a yanke busassun ganye har ma da tukwici na busassun ganye.
Kwarin da ke kai hari ga nolina (bokarney) su ne mites waɗanda ke son busasshiyar iska mai zafi, kwari masu sikelin, kwari masu sikelin, thrips. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don kawar da su ita ce tsaftace shuka, shafa ganye tare da soso mai danshi, kuma idan iska ta bushe, fesa shuka. Ana cire tsutsotsi da mealybugs daga ganyen tare da zane mai sabulu da maganin taba. Thrips da kaska suna mutuwa lokacin da aka bi da shuka tare da jiko na Dalmatian chamomile ko maganin kwari. Kwari sun fi sauƙi don magance su a farkon matakan lalacewa, don haka duba tsire-tsire akai-akai kuma fara fada lokacin da kwari na farko suka bayyana.
