Dahlias tsire-tsire ne na herbaceous na shekara-shekara, amma ba sa sanyi sosai, don haka kuna buƙatar tono su a cikin fall. Za a iya dasa kwararan fitila a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a cikin bazara, lokacin da zafi ya faɗi.
Yaushe da yadda ake tono dahlias a cikin fall
Kwanakin girbi
Lokacin ƙayyade mafi kyawun kwanakin, ana la’akari da ƙayyadaddun yanki.
- Farkon girbi na kwararan fitila yana rinjayar kiyaye su a cikin hunturu, saboda suna gudanar da tattara adadin abubuwan gina jiki da ake buƙata.
- Idan ka matsar da kwanan wata alama, haɗarin daskarewa tushen baho yana ƙaruwa saboda farawar sanyi.
Tsari na tsakiya da yankin moscow
A cikin yanayin zafi, furen yana ƙare a tsakiyar kaka, kusan Oktoba.
Wannan lokaci ne mai dacewa don tono albasa, riga ya cika don hunturu, cike da kayan abinci.
Lokacin yana motsawa zuwa farkon lokacin hunturu, lokacin da aka ga sanyi na ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma ba a sa ran sanyi mai tsanani.
A bushe, wilted mai tushe da foliage zai sanar da ku game da shirye-shiryen da tubers ga alama.
Arewa
A yankunan arewa, ciki har da. a cikin Urals, a Siberiya, yankin Leningrad, haɗarin sanyi na kaka kwatsam yana ƙaruwa, saboda haka suna ƙoƙarin tono dahlias tun ƙarshen Satumba.
Idan zazzabi ya faɗi ba zato ba tsammani, ana bada shawarar cire tubers daga ƙasa a cikin kwanaki 3.
Irin Dahlia tare da launin toho mai duhu suna halin rage juriya na sanyi. Ana aika su don adanawa a gaban wasu.
A
Masu fure-fure a cikin yankuna na yanayi na kudanci na iya jinkirta tono kwararan fitila na tsawon makonni 1-2 idan aka kwatanta da tsiri na tsakiya, a ƙarshen Oktoba, kwanakin farko na Nuwamba, muddin yanayin yana da dumi.
Dokokin alamomi don hunturu
Kafin yin tono dahlias a cikin kaka, kuna buƙatar cire sashin iska, barin mai tushe har zuwa 0.2 m tsayi.
Tsire-tsire masu rauni da marasa lafiya ba a kiyaye su ba, ana ƙone su don hana yaduwar cututtukan abolevany da kula da larvae kwaro a cikin ƙasa.
Digging saukar zuwa tushen, baya da nisa isa ba lalata da corms.
Dole ne a bushe furen da aka tono
Umarnin:
- Da farko, ana haƙa daji a kusa da kewaye kuma tare da taimakon shebur an cire shi tare da tushen da ƙasa.
- An girgiza ƙasa, an bar furen ya bushe a yanayin yanayi.
- An yanke rassan zuwa 7-10 cm.
- Ana cire tushe masu kyau a ƙarƙashin tushe.
- Fresh kore harbe samuwa a kan tubers suna karkata ne ta yadda a cikin hunturu ba su girma da wuri.
Lokacin cire tsire-tsire daga ƙasa, ba sa ja a kan tushe, saboda wannan zai keta mutuncin tushen kuma yana da illa ga kiyayewa.
Ana wanke kwararan fitilar furanni a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu daga ragowar ƙasa kuma a jika su a cikin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta wanda aka tsara don ƙara rayuwar kayan shuka.
Don disinfection, talakawa potassium permanganate, diluted zuwa haske ruwan hoda, ya dace. Bayan aiki, ana barin tubers su bushe a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi.
Narkar da ajiya
Shiri
Kafin yin alama don ajiyar gida, yawancin masu shuka furanni suna rarraba gidan albasa zuwa sassa, suna barin wuyan buguwa da yanke duk sauran tushen kuma suna rage mai tushe zuwa iyakar tsayin da zai yiwu.
Rabuwa yana ba ku damar adana kayan dasa shuki ba tare da bayyanar da yaduwar rot ba.
A cikin tsari, ana bincika tubers kuma an ƙididdige su, ana yanka ɓawon ɓawon burodi a cikin lafiya mai lafiya, ana sarrafa su bayan an dasa su da kore. Wadanda kawai suka rage wadanda, sakamakon tsarin tsafta, sun rike akalla 1/3 na kodan. Ana jefa ƙananan gutsuttsura.
Kasancewar ramukan yana nuna lalacewar kwaro, amma ba cikas bane ga ajiya.
Ba za a iya sanya ƙwanƙolin da ba su da launi gaba ɗaya waɗanda suka fara lalacewa.
Ana wanke Delenki bulbous da ruwa, ana bi da sassan tare da fungicides kuma a bar su tsawon kwanaki 6-10 don warkar da raunuka a kan tushen da kuma samar da ɓawon burodi na bakin ciki a saman, yana hana zubar da danshi mai yawa.
Tushen mahaifa na shuka bai cancanci kiyayewa ba, saboda kawai zai ba da harbe mai rauni a kakar wasa ta gaba.
Abubuwan da ake bukata
Kafin aika tubers don hunturu, ya kamata a yi musu alama don kada su dame iri. Wannan zai sauƙaƙe dasa furanni don kakar wasa ta gaba.
Madaidaicin microclimate:
- zafin jiki na 3-7 ° C,
- zafi sama da 80%,
- iskar shaka mai kyau,
- ware tushen tubers daga juna, guje wa lamba;
- ajiye tushen wuyan ƙasa.
Ƙananan dasa shuki Ana adana kayan a cikin firiji, guje wa kusanci da kayan lambu, saboda yawan zafi yana haifar da cututtuka na fungal.
Ana iya adana tubers a cikin firiji
Ana sanya babban ƙara a cikin kwantena daban: filastik ko buckets na katako da kwalaye, akwatunan kwali da sanya su a cikin ginshiƙi, a baranda ko a cikin ƙasa.
Ko ta yaya, ana sanya alamomi tare da madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin ko kayan aiki.
- Saduwa. Hanya mai sauƙi da mara tsada don adana kayan shuka. Babban juzu’i ko shavings sun dace, saboda ƙaramin sawdust zai bushe kwararan fitila kuma ya fitar da duk danshi. Zai yiwu a shimfiɗa a cikin layuka 2 tare da Layer na sawdust ta hanyar yayyafa.
- Peat. Doki mai dacewa, barci a cikin akwatunan katako na delenki, barin wuyan rabin bude. A cikin hunturu, an dasa Layer peat don hana dahlias bushewa. Ana iya haxa peat tare da ƙasa lambu a cikin rabo na 3: 1.
- Ana sanya masu rarraba ƙasa a cikin kwalaye da aka rufe da jarida ko takarda kuma a yayyafa shi da ƙasa.
- Yashi Dole ne yashin kogin ya bushe don cika kayan shuka a cikin tankin ajiya. Tushen ana tsoma su a cikin yadudduka 1-2 kuma an rufe su da burlap a saman. A cikin hunturu, yashi ba ya da ruwa.
- Fakitin. Ana adana tubers a cikin polyethylene tare da sawdust-wicking, in ba haka ba tushen rot tsarin zai fara daga samuwar condensate. Kunshin yana ɗaure, amma ana buɗewa a duk faɗin saman don samun damar iska. Sau ɗaya kowane mako 2, ana bincika kayan don mold da rot. Ana zubar da abubuwan da suka lalace.
- Fim. Kowane rabo kafin kwanciya ana bi da shi tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal ko sulfur foda, nannade a cikin fim, sanya shi a cikin kwali.
- Jakunkuna Canvas bags adana dahlias a bushe form, ba tare da filler, rataye su a tsawo a cikin ginshiki, Apartment, cellar, guje wa lamba tare da bene, daga m wurare.
- Paraffin. Hanya mafi inganci, wanda ke ba da mafi girman adadin tsaro. Kawai dace da farkon nau’in dahlias, kamar Bayan kakin zuma da kwararan fitila, yana yiwuwa a farka da yawa daga baya. Nagari don ajiya na rare iri. Ana ƙona paraffin zuwa yanayin ruwa akan wanka mai tururi, a bar shi ya yi sanyi zuwa yanayin da aka yarda da shi. Ana sauke kowane delenka bulbous kuma a riƙe shi har sai ɓawon burodi ya fito. Bayan aiki, ana sanya tushen tubers a cikin jaka tare da sawdust kuma an adana su a wuri mai sanyi.
- Clay Kamar paraffin, yana rufe tushen baho tare da Layer na kariya kuma yana ƙara rayuwar rayuwa. Ana tayar da yumbu zuwa yanayin kauri kuma an saukar da tushen, a bar shi ya bushe kuma a aika zuwa akwati mai dacewa.
- Vermiculite. Kayan granular ya dace da zuba dahlias lokacin da aka adana shi a cikin kwalaye ko jaka na filastik. Ba a yi amfani da shi a cikin ɗakunan da ke da ƙananan zafi ba, kamar yadda yake ɗaukar nauyin danshi mai yawa daga iska mai kewaye. Lokacin da aka yi dambe, yadudduka na vermiculite substrate da tushen tubers suna canzawa.
Dokokin kulawa
Dasa kayan da aka kafa don hunturu ya kamata a bincika akai-akai, a kan lokaci cire naman gwari mara kyau da m. lokutta.Lokacin da cikawar ta bushe, alamomin suna samun danshi.
Ba zai zama superfluous don kare kayan shuka daga harin kwari ba. Don kula da tankunan ajiya da tushen tubers, magungunan kashe kwari na nau’ikan ayyukan tsarin sun dace. Ana fesa kwandon sannan a zuba masu rarraba albasa a cikin ruwan ruwa mai ruwa na tsawon mintuna 15.
Don takaitawa
Kuna iya adana tubers dahlia da aka haƙa a cikin fall ta hanyoyi daban-daban a cikin Apartment, ginshiƙi, cellar da baranda. Babban yanayin shine a shirya su a gaba da kuma kula da madaidaicin zafin jiki da zafi.
