A yau, silifa na Venus an kusan jefar da su a kan kantuna da sills taga ta phalaenopsis mai tauri. Papiopedilums, furanni masu ban sha’awa, matsakaici a cikin girman kuma masu canzawa sosai, sune orchids waɗanda furanni za su iya sha’awar ba tare da ƙarewa ba. Nostalgic da gaye a lokaci guda, ga da yawa sun kasance ba a sani ba shuke-shuke, lullube a cikin tatsuniyoyi da almara. A aikace, sun fi abokantaka fiye da ainihin sunansu ya nuna. Ba tare da kulawa da hankali ba, papiopedilums ba su yi fure ba, kuma yanayin su ba daidai ba ne, amma sun saba da ɗakunan zama da kyau.
“Lady’s Shoes” ko Pafiopedilum: labari a tsakanin orchids na cikin gida
Abun ciki:
Papiopedilum – bayanin shuka
Sunan pafiopedilum, ko Pafiopedilum, ya bambanta da kyakkyawan sunan laƙabi na “takalmin mace,” bai saba da duk masu furanni ba. Orchid, mai suna bayan tsohuwar allahn Romawa, ta kasance almara tun kafin ’yan’uwanta su zama kusan wajibi don shuka tsire-tsire, kuma tarin nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan da ba a bayyana ba sun sa mafarkin orchid ya zama gaskiya ga yawancin magoya baya.
Paphiopedilums (Paphiopedilum, sunan hukuma shine Paph.) Su ne matsakaita-girma, sympodial, terrestrial orchids na gidan Cypripedia. Matsakaicin tsayin shuka, la’akari da tsayin peduncle, shine kawai 20 zuwa 50 cm.
Amma papiopedilums ba za a iya kira ganuwa ba. Ƙarfin taqaitaccen rhizomes da ƙarfi sosai kuma da kyau tushen tushen nama sune halayen duk takalman Venus. Yawancin lokaci ana haɓaka su don orchids masu tausayi: “Rosette” yana fure sau ɗaya kawai, yana sakin peduncle kuma ba zai iya yin fure ba.
Kula da tsire-tsire masu bushewa ana ɗaukar su ta hanyar tsire-tsire ‘yar da ke girma a gindin rhizomes na uwa da maye gurbin su. Wannan shuka ba a taɓa girma azaman samfuran mutum ɗaya ba, amma a cikin iyalai ko ƙungiyoyin rhizomes 3, koyaushe yana ba da sabbin zuriya.
Ganyen taguwar orchid na yau da kullun tare da tukwici masu nuni da ninki na tsakiya yayi kyau sosai da tsauri. Ganyayyaki a tsayi na iya kaiwa 60 cm, a cikin wasu nau’ikan an iyakance su zuwa girman sau da yawa karami. Suna monochromatic, kore mai haske ko marmara a launi, kuma sun dace da nau’in fulogi mai gefe biyu. Ganyen papiopedilum suna girma sosai, kafin su mutu da bushewa, sun zama rawaya da launin ruwan kasa.
A cikin pafiopedilums, kafin a sake sakin peduncle daga tsakiyar kanti, ƙaramin alama ko jerin tsayawa yana tasowa, wanda ya bayyana ya riga ya fara lokacin fure.
Paphiopedilum “Deperle” (Paphiopedilum delentii x Paphiopedilum primulinum). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Eric Hunt
Venus takalma Bloom
Peduncles na Pafiopedilum suna tasowa daga tsakiyar rosettes. A matsayinka na yau da kullun, suna da madaidaiciya da santsi, tsayi fiye da ganye.
Sun sami lakabin suna “Takalma na Venus” saboda girman siffar babban lebe, wanda yake kama da kyawawan takalman mata. Ita ce kawai orchid da ke da nau’ikan “petal” iri uku a cikin furensa.
Sepals na sama suna daidai idan aka kwatanta da kyandir, yana da girma sosai, mai sheki, mai tsari, dan kadan kadan don kare lebe. Sepals na sama ko da yaushe suna bambanta da na gefe biyu a siffa da girma, kuma ba duka suna kama da launi na lebe ba. Samfuran suna da bambanci da kama. “Takalma na venereal” suna da anthers guda uku a lokaci guda: daya bakararre, kama da scutellum, da biyu masu haihuwa.
Wannan orchid ne wanda ke fure a cikin bazara. A gare ta, ana ɗaukar furanni na halitta a lokacin girma na yini. Amma dangane da yanayin, har ma da kulawa, furen papiopedilums na iya canzawa har abada, jinkirtawa ko ci gaba da al’ada na dogon lokaci.
A zahiri, furen wannan orchid koyaushe ya dogara da masu shi. Abin farin ciki, “takalma na mata” suna fure sau biyu a shekara da nau’in juyawa – ci gaba da fiye da shekaru 2.
Launin launi na Venus ya haɗa da duk sanannun inuwa da tsaka-tsaki daga duk sassan bakan sai blue. Fari, rawaya, ruwan hoda, shunayya, violet, kore, launin ruwan kasa – zaku iya zaɓar inuwa marar iyaka da bambance-bambancen haɗe-haɗen furanni masu launuka iri-iri. Kuma kyawun tsarin, tun daga kananun tabo zuwa tabo, ratsi, da ripple, suna da ban mamaki.
Venus takalma kungiyoyin da Categories
Wannan orchid daidai an gane shi azaman mafi bambancin. Kuma a lokaci guda, duk “takalma na mata” wani abu ne na musamman, amma har yanzu ya fito. Sun bambanta a cikin yanayi da kulawa da suke buƙata, a yawancin nau’ikan amfanin gona, amma mabuɗin gano ƙungiyoyi da nau’ikan daban-daban yana cikin furen su. Tare da shi ne ƙaddarar ta fara game da abin da ake buƙatar wannan orchid don cikakken fure a cikin gidan.
Dangane da nau’ikan furanni, papiopedilums sun kasu kashi uku manyan kungiyoyi: guda-flowered, Multi-flowered da ci gaba da furanni iri da nau’in.
Paphiopedilum kyakkyawa (Paphiopedilum conco-bellatulum). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Hausermann Orchids
Paphiopedilum Delenatii orchid mai fure biyu. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Stefano
Paphiopedilum monocolor (Paphiopedilum concolor). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com SERGEI EREMIN
Pafiopedilums masu furanni guda ɗaya
Wannan shi ne mafi girma rukuni na jinsin da iri, wanda yafi hada da “daji” shuke-shuke ko jinsuna, sauki da kuma hadadden hybrids na “lady ta takalma”, daga abin da shuka kiwo fara.
A gaskiya ma, wannan rukuni ne na tsofaffin papiopedilums a cikin al’ada. Sunan ƙungiyar a fili yana nuna babban fasalin shuke-shuke – sakin babban girma, amma ɗaya kawai, da wuya – furanni biyu a kan peduncle, wanda za’a iya yanke shi kawai bayan flowering. Lokacin furanni yana da tsayi sosai. Furen na iya wucewa har zuwa watanni 3.
Daga cikin nau’ikan wannan rukunin akwai:
- Pafiopedilum yana da ban mamaki (Alamar Paphiopedilum) – mafi girman girman kowane nau’in takalman Venus. Furancin sa na beige da haske koren furanni suna da ƙamshi kuma suna fure a cikin hunturu.
- Kyawawan paphiopedilum (Phalaenopsis yana da alaƙa da bellatulum) Yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun hange orchids. Kyawawan furanni masu launin dusar ƙanƙara tare da kusan ɗigo baƙar fata akan dukkan furanni masu zagaye da alama wata mu’ujiza ce ta halitta.
- Orchid na furanni pafiopedilum Delenata (Paphiopedilum delenatii) da nau’ikan kayan ado da yawa tare da lallausan launin ruwan hoda-fari da manyan furannin zagaye na gefe.
- Banda “dokokin” na wannan rukuni – papiopedilum launi daya (Paphiopedilum concolor), mai iya sakin furannin pastel masu laushi guda uku tare da ƙananan baƙar fata a kan furanni masu zagaye.
- Na farko daga cikin hybrids «Shoes na Venus»: unpretentious zinariya-fari, wavy da watercolor. pafiopedilum Garrisa (Paphiopedilum harrisianum – Paphiopedilum villosum x Paphiopedilum barbata).
Amma su har yanzu sani da guda-flower “lady ta takalma” domin su bayyanar da kuma zumunta sauki daga cikin hadaddun American matasan iri. Suna samar da ko da fure ɗaya ne, amma har zuwa 20 cm a diamita kuma tare da sarƙaƙƙiya ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, manyan furannin gefe tare da sifar wavy mai zagaye da launuka masu bambanta. Misali na yau da kullun shine nau’in kore mai haske tare da farar fari na sama ‘Maudie’.
Пафиопедилум Гарриса (Paphiopedilum harrisianum). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Averater
Paphiopedilum Rothschild (Paphiopedilum rothschild). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Eric Hunt
Пафиопедилум Пэриша (Paphiopedilum parishii). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com OrChris
Papiopedilos masu yawa
Wannan rukuni ne tare da gungu na inflorescences, wanda aka tattara har zuwa furanni 10. Wadannan orchids suna girma kamar masu fure-fure guda ɗaya, har zuwa watanni 3.
Daga cikin wannan rukuni na «lady takalma», ba kawai varietal orchids tare da launuka masu haske suna jin daɗin ƙauna ta musamman (sunan sau da yawa kai tsaye yana nuna ainihin nau’in orchid da sautin launi – ‘Delenatii White’, ‘Rosa Delenatii’, ‘Delenatii Gold’), amma kuma wasu nau’ikan:
- Paphiopedilum “Deperle” (Stamfordianum x Paphiopedilum) tare da kyawawan furanni masu launin fari tare da elongated petals;
- da siraran gefuna masu mannewa kamar gashin baki, jajayen lebe da ratsan kyandir Rothschild pafiopedilum (Paphiopedilum rothschild);
nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan furanni masu tsayi masu tsayi masu tsayi waɗanda ke rataye zuwa ga ganyayyaki:
- rawaya-fararen taguwar ruwa paphiopedilium daga Philippines (Paphiopedilum philippinense);
- ratsi m launin ruwan kasa Violet ratsi Pafiopedilum Sandra (Paphiopedilum sanderianum),
- Farin kore papiopedilum parisha (Paphiopedilum parishi).
Juyawa ko ci gaba da fure papiopedilos
Yana da wani rukuni na matasan iri tare da m ko m flowering cewa, godiya ga selection, Bloom a kan peduncles na zuwa 30 furanni. A saman waɗannan papiopedilos, 1-2, lokaci-lokaci furanni 3 koyaushe suna narkar da su.
Ƙarfin kowane fure don yin tsayayya fiye da wata ɗaya yana ba da damar shuka, ko da a kan peduncle, don ƙara tsawon lokacin furanni na shekaru 2 ko fiye. Yayin da yake dadewa, yawancin peduncle yana tsayi kuma ƙananan furanni.
Ba tare da togiya ba, duk wakilan papiopedilos masu juyawa sune tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda aka samu galibi ta hanyar hayewa. papiopedilum syzolic (Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum), pafiopediluma Wanne (Paphiopedilum liemianum), papiopedilum sarki (Paphiopedilum Victoria Regina) DA pafiopediluma prímula (Paphiopedilum).
An yi la’akari da mafi mashahuri kuma “amintaccen” na jerin nau’ikan takalma na venereal na juyawa. rukuni iri-iri “Pinocchio” (Pinocchio) tare da gajarta, kusan masu bambance-bambancen furanni na gefe, kumbura lebe da babban furen sama mai siffar gashin tsuntsu.
Paphiopedilum Pinocchio. Manoma Burea-Uinsurance.com NjuTIKA
Yanayin girma don papiopedilos na cikin gida.
Ƙauna mai zafi da sanyi mai sanyi, samar da furanni guda ɗaya ko inflorescences, papiopedilums sun bambanta da cewa kawai ba su da ka’idoji don girma. A lokacin da sayen ko da rare irin «Venus takalma», yana da daraja bayyana duk nuances na kula da yanayin su namo. Bayan haka, tsire-tsire suna da ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗai don kawai babu ƙa’idodi iri ɗaya a gare su. Suna buƙatar hanya ɗaya.
Kowane orchid a cikin papiopedilums na musamman ne, kuma wannan shine yadda zaku iya bi da shi.
Haske da sanyawa
Ba kamar yawancin orchids waɗanda ke fure da kyau ba, papiopedilums suna dacewa da yanayin haske daban-daban, musamman idan an yi amfani da su zuwa sabbin yanayi da kuma lokacin rashin aiki.
Suna iya yin fure duka biyu a cikin haske mai haske da kuma cikin inuwa mai haske, sun gamsu da kowane haske mai yaduwa. Kuma kamar duk orchids, ba sa jure wa inuwa mai ƙarfi ko rana kai tsaye. Ƙarshen yana da haɗari musamman idan an haɗa shi da zafi.
A lokaci guda, papiopedyls masu fure-fure masu yawa, musamman nau’ikan, kuma ba tsire-tsire ba, suna buƙatar haske mai haske fiye da juyi da tsire-tsire masu fure-fure, suna iya yin fure a cikin kaka da hunturu kawai tare da hasken wucin gadi mai ƙarfi.
Kimanin alamomin haske, masu dacewa da kusan kowane nau’in pafiopedilum, sune 2100 zuwa 2600 lux da 12 zuwa 14 hours na haske.
Takalmin Venus ya dogara da haske kuma ya shimfiɗa zuwa tushen haske. A waje da lokacin furanni, ana jujjuya su akai-akai don haɓaka iri ɗaya na rosettes na ganye na biyu. Amma a lokacin budding da lokacin furanni, tsire-tsire ba za su iya motsawa ba.
Mafi kyawun wuri don papiopedilos ana ɗaukar shi daidai a kan sills taga gabas ko kuma ko’ina tare da ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya, daga hasken wuta kusa da kudanci ko ɓangaren kudanci taga zuwa hasken wucin gadi a cikin gida.
Yanayin zafi da tsarin iska
“Takalma na mata” suna son sanyi, ba za su iya jure sanyi ba. babu zafi kuma kamar duk orchids suna son rage yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun (musamman nau’ikan juyawa). Mafi kyawun kewayon alamomi don girma su ya dogara da yanayin zafi ko juriya mai sanyi na iri-iri.
Yawancin takalman mata guda ɗaya ko fure-fure masu yawa suna da sanyi kuma tsarin kulawa mai kyau a gare su shine a hankali a cikin gida, daga karfe 14 na dare zuwa 20 na yamma a lokacin lokacin girma daga Maris zuwa Oktoba. , da 12 zuwa 18 digiri a cikin hunturu.
Mafi kyawun ganyen iri-iri, musamman ma idan an yi musu ado da ƙwai, mafi yawan thermophilic orchids. Kamar duk papiopedils masu juyawa, waɗannan nau’ikan ba sa jure yanayin zafi ƙasa da digiri 18 kuma za su fi son girma a yanayin zafi tsakanin digiri 18 zuwa 22.
Lokacin hutawa yana ɗan gajeren lokaci, nan da nan bayan ƙarshen flowering, bazai yi sanyi ba, amma yana da kyau a iyakance ƙananan yanayin zafi zuwa digiri 16.
Iska ya kamata ya kasance cikin tsari sosai, amma na yau da kullun. Ana iya fitar da tsire-tsire zuwa baranda ko lambuna masu matsuguni, muddin ana sarrafa hasken kuma an kiyaye shi daga haske mai haske. Papiopedilums ba zai iya jure kusancin tsarin dumama da na’urorin sanyaya iska ba.
Paphiopedilum philippinense (Paphiopedilum philippinense). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Eric Hunt
Kula da papiopedilum a gida.
Duk da rikitarwa na zaɓin wurin da bukatun yanayi, takalma suna daya daga cikin mafi sauƙi kuma mafi mahimmanci na orchids a karkashin kulawar Venus. Har ma za su yi kyau tare da shayarwa na yau da kullum idan dai an cika ƙananan buƙatun don duk abubuwan kulawa.
Ban ruwa da iska zafi
Paphiopedilums suna buƙatar yawan shayarwa yayin lokacin haɓaka aiki. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi son danshi orchids. “Takalmin mace” na son dawwama da zafi mai haske na ƙasa kuma suna tsira sosai har zuwa bushewarta, wasu nau’ikan ma suna mutuwa a cikin fari.
Substrate bai kamata ya kasance damp ba, yana bushewa a ɗan zafi kaɗan, amma ba gaba ɗaya ba, yana jagorantar canjin launi na tushen a cikin kwantena masu haske da kuma tactile majiyai (tactile, zuwa taɓawa) a cikin tukwane na yumbu. Ya kamata a zubar da ruwa mai yawa ba a baya fiye da minti 5 bayan shayarwa.
Ana iya shayar da paphiopedilums ta hanyar amfani da tsarin gargajiya maimakon tsomawa, ko da yake ya fi aminci saboda jika iri ɗaya na substrate.
Tsarin ruwa na hunturu ya dogara da nau’in tsire-tsire. Papiopedilos masu fure-fure guda ɗaya da furanni masu yawa sun fi son rage yawan ruwa sau da yawa. Ana shayar da papiopedils masu juyawa a hankali kuma a cikin hanya ɗaya, ban da bushewar haske bayan furanni na ƙarshe sun bushe kuma kafin girma ya fara.
The watering na «takalma na Venus» yana da mabuɗin sifa: waɗannan tsire-tsire ba sa jure wa jiyya mai ƙarfi na sassan iska da tarin ruwa a gindin ganye; wajibi ne a yi ruwa a hankali a kusa da kewayen ko ba tare da zurfafa rosettes daga ƙasa lokacin jiƙa ba.
Ya kamata a shayar da paphiopedilums da ruwan sama ko makamancin tatsuniyoyi na wucin gadi. Yawancin tsofaffi iri na iya jure wa talakawa ruwa, amma yana da kyau kada a yi gwaji tare da novelties na gaye.
Wannan orchid ba ya son zafi sosai, yana son girma a cikin ɗakuna tare da alamomi daga 30 zuwa 60% (a lokacin girma na ganye da ‘ya’yan rosettes, yana da kyawawa don ƙara zafi zuwa ƙa’idodi mafi girma). Ana iya fesa shi da “hazo” (ruwa mai dumi), musamman a lokacin rani da kuma yanayin zafi, lokaci-lokaci shafa ganye tare da soso mai danshi. Tururuwar ƙura a kan ganye ba abin karɓa ba ne.
Takin da takin abun ciki
Wannan orchid yana ciyarwa a duk shekara, sai dai lokacin barci da lokacin furanni. Shuka ba ya son canje-canje kwatsam a cikin abun ciki na abinci mai gina jiki, don haka, maimakon ciyarwa lokaci-lokaci, yana da kyau a aiwatar da su akai-akai, ƙara ƙaramin adadin taki ga ruwa don ban ruwa.
Idan ana amfani da tsarin ciyarwa na yau da kullun, yayin lokacin haɓaka aiki, ana amfani da takin mai magani tare da mitar lokaci 1 a cikin makonni 3, tare da ci gaba da ciyarwa, ana raba kashi ta adadin waterings (ta 3 tare da daidaitaccen shayarwar mako-mako).
Don “takalmin mace” za ku iya amfani da takin mai magani na musamman don orchids. Wannan orchid ba ya jure wa gwaje-gwaje tare da abun da ke ciki na takin mai magani ko kwayoyin halitta.
Gyara da siffar takalma na venereal
Wadannan hanyoyin sun sauko zuwa kawar da busassun peduncles da ganye (kamar yadda yake tare da duk orchids, yana da kyau kada a hanzarta aiwatar da ci gaban yanayi).
Pafiopedilum excelente (Paphiopedilum insignis). Manoma Burea-Uinsurance.com John Varigos
Dasawa, kwantena da substrate
Ana dasa takalman Venus ne kawai lokacin da kawai babu wuri don ci gaban tushen. Paphiopedilums sun fi son dasawa ba sau da yawa ba bayan shekaru 2-3. Amma yana da kyau a kula da ci gaba da yanayin tushen tsarin. Duk wani alamun rubewa da mold, tarin lu’ulu’u na gishiri, da sauran adibas alama ce ta gaggawar dasawa.
Don papiopedylums a cikin shekarun da ba a yi cikakken dasawa ba ko kuma lokacin da aka kiyaye inganci da tsari na substrate, an ba da izinin canji na yanki. Ana aiwatar da shi sau da yawa fiye da dasawa: kowane watanni shida, a hankali, ƙoƙarin kada ku shiga hulɗa da tushen da cire kawai ɓangaren ƙasa wanda ya rushe da yardar kaina da kuma gurɓataccen saman Layer.
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasawa shine bazara, daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa farkon Mayu.
Wadannan orchids suna buƙatar kwantena na musamman na yau da kullun: tukwane na orchid tare da ramuka da yawa a cikin ƙasa da kwantena biyu, waɗanda ke ba da izinin numfashi iri ɗaya na duk tushen kuma rage haɗarin waterlogging na substrate.
Pafiopedilums sun fi kyau a cikin kwantena masu haske, yumbu da gilashi, fiye da a cikin kwantena filastik. M kwantena ba ka damar da yardar kaina ganin tushen tsarin. Ba sa girma a cikin kwantena na gida na al’ada kuma ba su dace da girma toshe ba.
Don papiopedilums, ana amfani da ma’auni na musamman na orchid. An fi son ƙasa mai sarƙaƙƙiya fiye da ɓangarorin haushi kawai. Abubuwan da aka yarda da su sune gawayi, perlite, yashi mara kyau, ƙasa mai ƙanƙara mai ƙarfi, yumbu mai faɗi.
Wasu nau’ikan papiopedyle suna buƙatar kulawa da hankali na ƙimar pH, amma gabaɗaya suna yin kyau a cikin ƙasa mai ɗan acidic da tsaka tsaki. Lokacin sayen substrate, ya fi dacewa don bincika idan akwai “takalma na mace” a cikin jerin shawarwarin da aka ba da shawarar.
Bayan dasawa, ba a shayar da tsire-tsire ba, kawai yanayin zafi yana ƙaruwa zuwa 60-70%, kuma ana sarrafa zafin jiki ta kusan digiri 20-21. Ana yin watering na farko a cikin kwanaki 5-8.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli a cikin noman papiopedilum.
Wannan orchid yana da matukar damuwa ga sanyi da kulawa mara kyau. Paphiopedilums sun rasa buds, za su iya dakatar da furanni idan akwai zafi mai yawa da ƙananan yanayin zafi.
“Ladies takalma” sau da yawa nuna matsaloli tare da substrate saboda canje-canje a cikin ganye. Idan ganye sun juya launin ruwan kasa ba tare da rawaya ba, baƙar fata ya bazu daga sama a cikin wani nau’in kan iyaka, shuka yana nuna yawan gishiri na substrate ko shan kashi na cututtukan fungal.
Daga cikin cututtukan shuka, botrytis, wanda ke lalata furanni da faɗuwar su, ana samun sau da yawa, da kowane nau’in rot da cututtukan cututtukan fungal. Yana da daraja yakar kowane cututtuka nan da nan tare da gaggawa dasa shuki da fungicides, idan akwai mummunar lalacewa, cire wuraren da aka lalace na tushen da kuma yanke tsire-tsire.
Wani lokaci wadannan orchids suna kamuwa da mealybugs, mealybugs, mites.
Adult “takalmin mace” an raba bushes lokacin da suke girma da yawa ko kuma akwai sha’awar ƙara tarin. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Karma Forester
Haihuwar “takalmin Venus”
Wannan shine ɗayan mafi sauƙin orchids don haifuwa. Manyan bushes ana raba su ne kawai lokacin da suka girma da yawa ko kuma akwai sha’awar ƙara tarin.
Zai fi kyau a ninka paphiopedilums kuma kada a kara musu ƙarfi a kowane lokaci, saboda a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi kuma haɗarin kamuwa da shuka yana ƙaruwa. Mafi ƙarancin girman shine rhizomes 2-3.
