Brassia Orchid nasa ne na shuke-shuken epiphytic na dangin orchid. An bambanta shi da bayyanar sabon abu na furanni tare da elongated sepals. Don wannan al’ada ana kiransa ‘gizo-gizo orchid’. A cikin yanayi, yana tsiro a cikin dazuzzuka masu laushi na wurare masu zafi na Amurka. An yi nasarar girma a gida. Gidan yana da nau’ikan halitta 34 da 33 da aka tashe ta wucin gadi.
Noma na Brassia orchids
Halayen iri-iri
Ana kiran sunan Orchid bayan masanin ilimin botanist B. Breaststroke. Wannan tsire-tsire ne na shekara-shekara na fure a tsakiyar wanda pseudobulbs mai siffar pear ya kasance. Bayan ƙarshen ci gaba, sun mutu, a wurinsu sababbi sun bayyana. Brassia mai rarrafe mai tsayi gajere ne, don haka kwararan fitila suna kwance kusa da juna, wani lokacin suna hulɗa. A saman kowanne akwai ƴan ganyaye masu kama-da-wane, suna da koren kore, mai yawa, hade-haɗe, banbance-banbance ta hanyar fanfo. Falo yana santsi.
Inflorescence ba shi da rassa, yana tasowa a cikin axils na ganye. Peduncle 15-20 cm tsawo, har zuwa 15 a jere harbe an kafa. Furen suna da kunkuntar sepals, tsawonsu ya kai 15 cm. Gefen sa sirara ne. Furen suna gajere, wani lokaci ana haye su. Siffar ta fi zagaye. Leben yana da girma, ba a haɗa shi da kashin baya ba. Launi na furanni ya bambanta: fari, lemun tsami, lilac ko launin ruwan kasa. Tabo. Kamshin ya cika, yayi kama da kamshin daffodils.
Mafi mashahuri nau’ikan wannan nau’in sune:
- Brassia Warty (Rojo),
- Mafarkin bazara na Brassia (Tinto),
- Tuscany,
- Mystic Maze-musa,
- Brassia ta yi laushi,
- Brassia daure,
- Brassidium,
- Sarauta.
Girma
Tsarin ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa. Domin shuka ya girma da haɓaka daidai, an tanadar da duk yanayin da ake buƙata don shi.
Shuka
Ana yada amfanin gona ta tsaba da rarraba daji. Don yin wannan, ɗauki tukunyar filastik mai haske na ƙananan girma. Ana haƙa ramuka a cikin ƙasa don cire wuce haddi. Ana sanya guntun kumfa a ƙasa. Top – Layer na haushi tare da sassan 2.5-3 cm. An shirya shi a gaba, an yanke shi. Ana kuma ɗaukar tsakuwa da itace azaman magudanar ruwa.
Ana amfani da substrate don kasuwanci, musamman ga orchids. Hakanan kuna dafa kanku da kanku. Don yin wannan, ɗauki:
- 40% Pine haushi,
- 25% sphagnum gansakuka,
- 25% kwal,
- 10% busassun ganye.
Tsaba
Ana shirya tsaba kafin dasa shuki: da farko an lalata su. Don wannan dalili, an shirya wani bayani na 15 g na lemun tsami da 100 ml na ruwa. Ana tacewa, bayan haka ana sanya wake a ciki na minti 10. Ruwan yana girgiza lokaci-lokaci.
A gida, ana amfani da matsakaicin Knudson don haɓakar iri, wanda aka shirya bisa ga umarnin. Acidity ya kamata ya zama 4.8-5.2 pH. An zubar da maganin a cikin kwantena masu haifuwa a matakin 1.5-2 cm, an rufe shi da matsewa kuma an sake haifuwa. Mai girki mai matsa lamba yana da kyau ga wannan. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don shuka iri: to, spores da ƙwayoyin cuta ba sa shiga cikin akwati.
Ana sanya akwati a cikin ruwan zãfi. Ana canja wurin beads ta amfani da bututu bakararre. Don rarraba iri daidai gwargwado, ana zuga maganin. Rufe iya aiki. Ana aiwatar da duk ayyukan da sauri.
Ana sanya flasks a cikin yanayi tare da zafin jiki na 18-22 ° C. Al’adu suna ba da haske mai yaduwa don 12 hours. Bayan lokaci, ganye suna bayyana a saman ruwa, sa’an nan kuma tushen ya girma. Bayan shekara guda, ana dasa harbe a cikin shirye-shiryen steamed. Don yin wannan, an cire su a hankali daga gwangwani kuma an wanke su a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu.
Tsarin girma yana da tsawo
Ta hanyar rarraba daji
Wani tsari mai cin lokaci kaɗan. Don dasa shuki a cikin bazara, an raba shuka zuwa sassa. Kowane ɗayansu ya kamata ya ƙunshi kwararan fitila 2-3 tare da tushen farin lafiya. Lalacewa da santsi don cirewa. Sauran ana tsoma su a cikin ruwan dumi don daidaitawa da sharewa. Dasa a cikin wani substrate, sanya a kan windowsill a gefen gabas. A cikin mako, ana yin feshi ne kawai, amma a tabbata cewa ruwan bai isa tsakiyar wurin ba.
Cuidado
Ta hanyar girma Brassia a gida, ana ba ku haske mai kyau na sa’o’i 12-13 a rana. A cikin hunturu, tsire-tsire suna haskakawa. Hasken rana kai tsaye bai kamata ya faɗi akan furen ba. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don ingantaccen haɓaka yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 20 zuwa 25 ° C a rana kuma tsakanin 17 zuwa 18 ° C da dare. amfanin gona ba ya karɓar busasshiyar iska, saboda haka ana fesa shi akai-akai. Hakanan baya yarda da zayyana.
Ana aiwatar da shayarwa ta wannan hanyar: tukunya don minti 15-30. nutsewa a cikin akwati tare da ruwa mai dumi. A wannan lokacin, shuka zai cika da danshi. Wrinkles a kan kwararan fitila suna nuna danshi mai yawa. A wannan yanayin, ana dakatar da watering na kwanaki 7.
A cikin hunturu, lokacin barci yana farawa don orchid. Don yin wannan, an sanya shi a cikin yanayin da zazzabi na 3-5 ° C na makonni 2-3. Yawan shayarwa a wannan lokacin yana raguwa. Hakanan a cikin Mayu da Satumba, ana sanya tukunyar a baranda mara zafi.
Kulawar al’adu ya haɗa da dasawa, wanda ake yin shi kowace shekara 2. Bugu da ƙari, hanya ba ta da daraja. Don cire tsire-tsire, danna ko matsa tukunyar. Sa’an nan kuma kula da tushen:
- Ku ware su da hannuwanku daga tsohuwar ƙasa, ku wanke su.
- bushe da lalacewa da yanke tare da bakararre almakashi ko wuka, ɗaukar sashin lafiya,
- yankan wuraren ana bi da su da sulfur ko carbon,
- bar shi ya bushe na sa’o’i da yawa.
Ana ɗaukar tukunyar 4 cm fiye da diamita idan aka kwatanta da na baya. Ana wanke shi da ruwan sabulu a tafasa. An dasa tsire-tsire a tsakiya, ba tare da zurfin zurfi ba, in ba haka ba harbe za su lalace. An sanya brasia da aka dasa a ƙarƙashin ruwan dumi (36 ° C). Ana aiwatar da watering na gaba a cikin kwanaki 2-3. Bayan dasawa, inuwar tsire-tsire tana ba su babban zafi. Don wannan dalili, zaku iya sanya tukunyar fure kusa da akwatin kifaye.
Ana yin suturar kusan kowane kwanaki 10 tare da taki na musamman don orchids. Ana amfani da su bisa ga wannan ka’ida:
- daga bazara zuwa lokacin rani, suna ƙara abubuwan da suka ƙunshi ƙarin nitrogen;
- daga tsakiyar lokacin rani zuwa kaka, tare da babban abun ciki na potassium da phosphorus.
Wannan yana tabbatar da fure mai tsayi da ingantaccen ci gaban ciyayi na orchid. A cikin hunturu, an dakatar da ciyarwa.
Cututtuka da kwari
Kula da Cututtuka
Babban cutar da amfanin gona ke fama da ita ita ce kwan fitila da rubewar tushen, saboda haka ganyen ya zama rawaya, tsiron ya mutu. Ci gaban cutar zai iya haifar da ruwa mai yawa da ƙananan zafin jiki, don haka suna dakatar da shayarwa, kafa tsarin tsarin zafin jiki daidai.
Kula da kwaro
Brassia sau da yawa wani mite gizo-gizo yana shafar shi. Don shawo kan wannan, ana sanya orchid a ƙarƙashin ruwan zafi (45 ° C). Hakanan akwai kamuwa da cuta tare da kwasfa da mealyworm na wasu tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Ana sarrafa duk kwari tare da taimakon shirye-shirye daga Karbofos, Fozalon, Actellik.
Binciken
Don hana ci gaban cututtuka, ana ba da amfanin gona tare da kulawa mai kyau da yanayin girma mafi kyau, yana da mahimmanci don kauce wa rashin ruwa a cikin ƙasa, don haka, lokacin dasa shuki, tabbatar da sanya magudanar ruwa. Ana tsaftace ramuka lokaci-lokaci. The substrate an disinfected.
ƙarshe
Tsarin orchid na Brassia yana shafar nau’ikan nau’ikan iri. Masu farawa don girma da kyau Brassia Warty. Daga cikin dukkan nau’ikan, shine mafi ƙarancin jin daɗi. Shuka yana jin daɗi a gida, yana fure kusan duk shekara.
