Daga cikin nau’ikan dankalin turawa sama da ɗari huɗu da ake nomawa a Rasha, ɗan ƙaramin sashi ne kawai ya dace da masana’antar noma da noma masu zaman kansu na lambun Siberian. Dalilin da ya sa ba duk mafi kyawun nau’in dankalin turawa na Siberiya ba su zama masu hayayyafa shine nau’ikan yanayin yanayin Siberiya tare da gajeriyar sanyi a lokacin rani, ƙarshen bazara, da farkon faɗuwa.
Mafi kyawun nau’ikan dankali don Siberiya
Noman dankalin turawa a Siberiya
Yanayin yanayi na Siberiya yana ba da shawarar masu lambu da bukatunsu na nau’in kayan lambu da suke zaɓa don shuka. Daga cikin ƙa’idodin asali don zaɓar kayan iri don shuka dankali a Siberiya shine juriya na kayan lambu ga yanayin sanyi na Siberiya da yiwuwar canje-canje kwatsam a cikin alamun zafin jiki.
Ana bada shawara don zaɓar dankali don Siberiya bisa ga wurin da aka dasa. Sabili da haka, kayan lambu da aka shuka cikin nasara a yankunan yammacin Siberiya ba su dace da dasa shuki a yankin gabas ba.
Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka dankali a Siberiya shine daga Mayu zuwa Agusta. Idan lokacin ciyayi ya rufe wannan lokacin a cikin bayanin amfanin gona na dankalin turawa tare da halayen halayen sanyi, to, amfanin gonakin kayan lambu ya dace da noma a cikin yanayin yanayin Siberian duka a yamma da kuma gabas.
Abin da ya dace da yankunan yamma
Mafi mashahuri nau’in dankalin turawa na yammacin yankin Siberiya suna da wuri kuma suna da matsakaicin girma. Ana iya dasa irin wannan nau’in a farkon rabin Mayu – tsaba suna da lokaci don girma da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Abin da ya dace da yankunan gabas
Masu lambu suna zaɓar sabbin nau’ikan dankalin turawa don yin girma sosai a Gabas. a hankali fiye da mazaunan rani na yankunan Yammacin Siberiya. Dalilin wannan zaɓin ba shine yanayi mai kyau na shuka da kulawa ba:
- farkon isowar sanyi sanyi,
- Ruwan ruwa mara daidaituwa a cikin adadi mai yawa,
- sake rarraba hazo mafi a ƙarshen lokacin rani ko a farkon Satumba.
Ga waɗannan yankuna, nau’ikan dankalin turawa masu jure sanyi waɗanda aka kwatanta da farkon girma dole ne a zaɓa.
Farko iri
Layi na farkon nau’in dankalin turawa a yankunan Siberiya sune mafi yawan buƙata, saboda suna tabbatar da cewa akwai filayen cikin gida.
Farkon Ural
Wannan kyakkyawan nau’in dankalin turawa na farko na yankin Siberiya ya dace saboda saurin balaga da juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban na kayan lambu.
Priekulsky
Mutanen Siberian da ake kira da ‘kwana arba’in’, nau’in dankalin turawa na Priekulsky shine kyakkyawan zaɓi don dasa shuki a Siberiya. Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, zaku iya samun amfanin gona mai kyau na Priekulsky bayan kwanaki 40. Farkon dankalin turawa yana da lokacin girma kafin cututtuka da yawa su fara shafar bushes dankalin turawa da tushen amfanin gona.
Bisa ga bayanin, ‘ya’yan itatuwa na nau’in Priekulsky sune fari, siffar m, nauyin har zuwa 100 g. Abubuwan da ake samu sune matsakaici: har zuwa 250 kg a kowace 1 km2. m yankin da aka dasa.
Suerte
Tsarin sa’a yana jin daɗin girbi da wuri
Wani nau’in dankalin turawa na Siberiya da ake kira Luck baya tsoron kwari da cututtuka, yana jure yanayin bushewa cikin sauƙi kuma yana jure da ruwan sama. Yana da farkon lokacin girma na kwanaki 45.
Ganyayyaki masu zagaye suna da nauyin 150-300 g kowanne, suna da farin nama da fata. Dankali Luck yana iya kaiwa ga yawan amfanin gona na kilogiram 300 na kayan lambu.
Babban samar da albarkatu iri
Yawancin layuka na nau’ikan dankalin turawa masu girma suna ba ku damar shuka babban amfanin gona mai kyau har ma a cikin yanayi mai tsauri na yankin Siberiya.
Alena
dankalin turawa na farko Alena ya ƙaunaci lambun Siberiya saboda yawan amfanin sa, ya kai kilogiram 300 a kowace 1 km2. m yankin da aka dasa. Tubers waɗanda suka girma akan matsakaici na tsawon watanni 2-2.5 suna auna 100-100 g kowannensu, suna da siffar m, fata mai ruwan hoda da ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Wannan dankalin turawa da aka girbe yana da kyakkyawan yanayin kiyayewa, ya kai 95%, yana kula da bayyanar da kyau lokacin jigilar kaya.
Scabies da dankalin turawa mai jure ciwon daji Alena sau da yawa yana fama da rashin lafiya. Ya dace da noma a ko’ina cikin yankin Siberiya, saboda yana da tsayayya da sanyi.
Antonina
Teburin dankalin turawa na farko daga Antonina wanda ke nuna yawan amfanin gona na kusan kilogiram 300 a cikin kadada dari yana iya jure rashin lafiya da kuma mildew.
Kayan lambun launin rawaya ne, fata mai ɗan ƙanƙara da launin ruwan rawaya mai duhu. Masu lambu suna lura da ƙimar adanawa mai kyau: ana adana amfanin gona a cikin 95% na lokuta.
Yawancin lokaci ana iya ganin Antonin a gidajen rani a yammacin Siberiya.
Nevsky
Iri-iri na duniya wanda ya kafa kansa a tsakanin masu lambu, saboda karuwar yawan aiki. Wasu mazauna rani suna tattara kilogiram 350-360 a kowace murabba’in 1. m yankin da aka dasa. Tushen dankalin turawa tare da farin nama suna auna matsakaicin 110-130 g, a cikin gida akwai kayan lambu har zuwa 15. Wannan nau’in ya dace da yamma da gabashin Siberiya.
Nishaɗi
Ermak yana cikin jerin mafi kyawun nau’in dankalin turawa a Siberiya a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa, yana samar da har zuwa kilogiram 500 tare da matsakaicin nauyin tubers dankalin turawa na 100. Gidan dankalin turawa yana da har zuwa 25 tushen amfanin gona. Kayan lambu masu siffar zagaye tare da laushi, fata mai ruwan hoda suna da ɓangaren litattafan almara.
An ba da shawarar Ermak don noma a kowane yanki na Siberiya.
Frost da cututtuka iri iri
Don noma a Siberiya, juriya na kayan lambu ga kwari da cututtukan shuka yana da mahimmanci. A Siberiya, juriya na sanyi iri-iri ba shine wuri na ƙarshe a cikin halayen nau’ikan dankalin turawa ba.
Latona
Wannan shine nau’in dankalin turawa mafi dacewa ga yankunan yammacin Siberiya, ko da yake an samu nasarar girma a gabas. Wani iri-iri ne na Yaren mutanen Holland tare da tubers na oval da fata mai kyau, mai jurewa ga scabies da marigayi blight. Alamar yawan amfanin ƙasa ta kai kilogiram 2.0-2.5 a kowace daji na dankalin turawa.
Frescoes
An samo shi daga zaɓin Freske Dutch, yana nuna juriya ga manyan cututtukan shuka: nematodes da marigayi blight. Yana jure wa yanayin canjin yanayi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yana cikin jerin mafi kyawun iri don Siberiya. Dankali tubers suna da santsi surface da rawaya fata.
Kafin
A baya shine nau’in duniya daga zaɓin Dutch iri ɗaya. Yawancin lokaci suna tattara har zuwa kilogiram 1.0-1.2 na dankali daga daji.
Wannan nau’in yana da juriya ga nematode, powdery mildew, da kuma marigayi blight. Tushen kayan lambu masu ɗanɗano ɗan elongated kuma masu kitse-fata tare da ƙananan idanu shunayya.
Adretta
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun nau’in dankalin turawa don Siberiya dangane da yanayin juriya na yanayi shine Adretta. Wannan nau’in yana iya jure wa sauyin yanayi kwatsam, yana da juriya ga cututtuka, kuma yana da ɗan saukin kamuwa da cutar kwaro. Don waɗannan halaye, ya kasance mai sha’awar yawancin mazauna rani, duk da ƙarancin yawan aiki – kawai 170-200 kg a kowace murabba’in 1. m. Its tubers girma har zuwa 100-140 g, tare da fari fata da rawaya nama.
