Ga masu kiwon kudan zuma, aikin Afrilu yana da mahimmanci, kamar yadda a wannan lokacin ne apiary ya fadada saboda samari na kwari. Wadanda suka tsunduma a kiwon zuma ya kamata gudanar da aikin tsaftacewa a cikin bazara kakar, samar da kwari nests da isasshen adadin abinci. Mai kula da kudan zuma ya kamata ya kasance a shirye don dubawa na farko na amya, don ƙarin ciyarwa, tun lokacin da ƙudan zuma a watan Afrilu na buƙatar ƙarin tallafi da ciyarwa.
Yi aiki a watan Afrilu a cikin apiary
Tare da farkon zafi, masu kiwon zuma suna fara aiki a cikin apiary a watan Afrilu. Kafin ci gaba da aiki, kuna buƙatar shirya isasshen sushi. Masu kiwon kudan zuma suna amfani da sushi don faɗaɗa yankunan kudan zuma, amma firam ɗin zuma na taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa yankunan da suka raunana.
abinci Yana da wani muhimmin sashi na kula da lafiyar kudan zuma, kuma ƙwararrun masu kiwon zuma sun san cewa ana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin kilogiram ɗaya na abinci don ciyar da kwari isashen. Dace a matsayin mai gina jiki gurasar kudan zuma a cikin combs ko zuma, da aka tattara daga ƙarshen lokacin rani. Idan har yanzu yanayin sanyi ne, to kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa abincin ƙudan zuma (syrup, nectar, ruwa mai tsabta) yana da dumi, kuma wannan abincin yana taimakawa wajen tayar da kwai.
abril – lokaci don aiwatar da aikin rigakafi don hana ci gaban nosematosis. Don kawar da ticks, ana amfani da raga na musamman, wanda aka sanya a kasan amya.
Lokacin da yadda ake nuna amya
Don sanin lokacin da zai yiwu a nuna amya, wajibi ne a lura da halin ƙudan zuma.
Mahimmanci!
Idan ƙudan zuma sun yi motsi da natsuwa, za ku iya jinkirta baje kolin, amma daga tsakiyar watan Afrilu, lokacin da zafin jiki ya kai digiri 12 na ma’aunin celcius, za a iya fara baje kolin kwari.
Ana gudanar da baje kolin ta hanya mai zuwa – da farko an rufe hanyoyin shiga, sannan a sanya matashin kai don dumi, da karfe 11 na safe an riga an saka amya a wurinsu na asali.
Jirgin ƙudan zuma yana farawa ne lokacin da zafin iska ya yi zafi, amma a nan mai kula da kudan zuma dole ne a hankali ya tabbatar da cewa ba duk hanyoyin shiga ba ne a buɗe. A lokacin jirgin, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade matsayi na iyalai, alal misali, ƙudan zuma masu lafiya sun fara tsaftace hive da kansu, suna aiki sosai. Idan akwai rashin ƙarfi, rauni a cikin halayen ƙudan zuma, yana da kyau a dauki matakan da suka dace nan da nan.
Da zarar jirgin ya tsaya, to wajibi ne a rage girman ƙofar da kusan 3 cm. A wannan rana, mai kiwon zuma yana duba dangin kwari don tabbatar da cewa akwai zuma a cikin amya ko a’a, idan akwai kudan zuma. A yayin binciken, ya kamata ku kuma cire firam ɗin, rufe da matashin kai.
Binciken bazara iyalan kudan zuma
A Rasha, musamman ma a tsakiyar layi, ana gudanar da binciken yankunan kudan zuma kusan a tsakiyar watan Afrilu, lokacin da zafin iska ya tashi sama da digiri 14. Bita wani muhimmin mataki ne a cikin ci gaban kiwon zuma, kamar yadda a wannan lokacin ne ake tabbatar da kuzari iyalan kudan zuma… Don haɓaka kiwon zuma, dole ne a samar da waɗannan sharuɗɗan:
- Kasancewar matasa kwari da mahaifa mai kyau.
- Kawo dumi.
- 10 kg na zuma da 2 Frames tare da pergoy samar da abinci mai kyau iyalan kudan zuma.
- Wuri mai tsabta kuma mai kyau.
Don kare ƙudan zuma daga cututtuka na hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, ya zama dole don matsar da mazauna zuwa amya masu lalata. Lokacin dasawa, dole ne ku bi umarni masu zuwa:
- Kimanin nau’ikan hayaki 3 ana ba su a cikin ƙima, bayan haka yakamata a cire murfin kuma a sanya shi a bayan hive.
- Sa’an nan kuma an canja wurin hive tare da ƙudan zuma.
- Da zaran sararin samaniya ya zama kyauta, wajibi ne a saka wani hive, na launi iri ɗaya kuma mai tsanani a cikin rana.
- Bayan an aiwatar da magudin, kuna buƙatar tarwatsa gida kuma ku tantance dacewarsa. Mai kiwon kudan zuma ya san cewa dole ne a sami firam ɗin da yawa kamar yadda tun asali akwai titunan iyalai.
A lokacin daukan hotuna, ya kamata ku zama ƙasa da damuwa, yana da kyau a tsaftace firam ɗin a hankali, sannan girgiza ƙudan zuma a cikin sabon hive. Bayan cire firam ɗin, kuna buƙatar sanya diaphragm, ware hive.
Yadda ake gujewa sata
A lokacin wani lamari kamar sata, mai kiwon zuma zai iya fuskantar matsala kamar asara iyalan kudan zuma… Idan mai kiwon kudan zuma ya fahimci sata, dole ne ya dauki matakan da suka dace, amma karyewar sanyi zai iya taimakawa wajen hana shi. Don hana ƙudan zuma daga sata a watan Afrilu, wajibi ne a rage ƙofar ko rufe shi da raga. Mai kiwon kudan zuma dole ne ya lura da gidan, idan barayi masu yawa sun taru a wurin, to dole ne a karkatar da gidan, sannan a rushe barayin da wani jirgin ruwa mai karfi.
Yadda ake samar da kayan saƙar zuma
Idan mai kula da kudan zuma ya tsunduma cikin kiwon kudan zuma masu sana’a, to, ga kowane iyali na ƙudan zuma akwai akalla 20. Duk combs dole ne su sami launin ruwan kasa mai kyau, bayyanar dole ne sabon abu, kuma don cimma kyakkyawan jari na combs, da combs Old dole ne a maye gurbinsu da sababbi kowace shekara. A cikin watan bazara, an fara gina sabon combs kuma wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a wannan lokacin glandan kakin zuma suna tasowa a cikin ƙudan zuma. A matsakaita, dangin kwari na iya gina sabbin combs sama da 10.
Yaushe za ku iya fara yawo?
Da zaran hazelnut, willow mai dogon kunne, maple, huhu, furen Birch ya fara, zai iya fara ƙaura. maki ana iya shirya shi a wani yanki da ke kusa da filayen da faɗin da waɗannan tsire-tsire suke bunƙasa. Iyalin kudan zuma ya kamata su kasance a nesa da bai wuce kilomita 2 daga tushen nectar ba, idan wannan nisa yana da girma, wannan yana haifar da ƙarin nauyi ga ƙudan zuma. A Sabo puntos ana iya motsa shi da dare.
Nasiha ga novice masu kiwon zuma
Masu farawa a cikin wannan kasuwancin dole ne su bi ka’idodi masu zuwa:
- Tabbatar cewa babu wani dangi da ke rashin lafiyar dafin kudan zuma.
- Ƙayyade manufar kiwon zuma: fa’idodin kasuwanci, samun zuma, kakin zuma, da sauransu.
- A kawar da tsire-tsire masu guba don kada kudan zuma su yi guba.
- Hakanan ya kamata ku karanta umarnin don kula da hive.
- Sami fasfo na likitan dabbobi.
Saboda haka, kiwon zuma yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa, matakan, don haka kafin yanke shawarar fara kiwon zuma, yana da kyau a auna ribobi da fursunoni.
