Noman tafarnuwa na hunturu a cikin Urals yana buƙatar ilimi na musamman. Yawancin manoma masu farawa sun damu game da kwanakin girbi. Da farko, wajibi ne a yi la’akari da abubuwan da ke cikin yanayi don fahimtar lokacin da aka girbe tafarnuwa a cikin Urals.
Girbin tafarnuwa na hunturu a cikin Urals
Bani lokacin ripening
Ripening zai bambanta dangane da babban ingancin kulawa da manomi zai iya bayarwa da halayen yanayi. Lokacin ripening na tafarnuwa na hunturu shine kwanaki 100-110 daga bayyanar farkon harbe, ripening bazara shine tsawon kwanaki 15-20.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da tsire-tsire a lokacin rani. Idan lokacin rani ya bushe sosai, ana buƙatar ƙarin shayarwa, in ba haka ba hakora za su kasance ƙanana da wrinkled.
Tips ga lambu
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa tafarnuwa baya jure wa ƙasa acidic.
- Lokacin dasa shuki nau’in hunturu, yakamata a yi amfani da takin mai magani a gaba, akan amfanin gona na baya.
- Yin amfani da takin nitrogen a lokacin girma zai inganta mahimmancin adana tafarnuwa a nan gaba.
- Idan ƙasa ta ƙare, a duk matakan girma ana ba da shawarar ciyar da ƙasa don kunna shi, zai kuma hanzarta aiwatar da ripening da inganta ingancin ‘ya’yan itace.
Yanke kibiyoyi muhimmin mataki ne na tabbatar da ingancin amfanin gona. Ba za a iya rasa lokacin samuwar kibau ba, in ba haka ba tushen amfanin gona zai zama karami. Ya kamata su ja da baya lokacin da suka kai tsayin 10 cm daga ƙasa. Idan ba ku cire kiban ba, amfanin gona na tushen zai zama mara amfani da sauri, kuma tabbas ba za su kwanta a cikin hunturu ba.
Halayen nau’ikan
Tafarnuwa hunturu na nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka na fungal, kuma yana girma da sauri. Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan da suka dace da kiwo a cikin Urals.
- Scythian yana nufin nau’in tsakiyar kakar. Ana iya haifuwa da kusoshi ko kawunan iska. An bambanta kwan fitila ta ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara, ma’auni suna da launi na lilac. Yana da babban juriya ga bacteriosis da fari rot.
- Gradekovsky shine farkon nau’in tafarnuwa na hunturu. Matures a cikin kwanaki 80-86. Hakora, kamar ma’auni, ana fentin su a cikin inuwar lilac mai laushi.
- Bashkir kuma farkon balagagge nau’in. Matures a cikin kwanaki 85-90. Haƙoran suna da yawa, suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, Ma’aunin Albasa ba su da shuni, kusan fari, an zana kwan fitila da launin shuɗi mai haske.
- Lyubasha – wannan nau’in ya shahara sosai a cikin Urals. Rayuwar tanadi shine watanni 10 daga ranar tsaftacewa. Irin nau’in yana da girman juriya na fari da juriya na sanyi. Yana girma a kusa da kwanaki 100-110.
- Dan wasa: An tabbatar da shi a cikin Urals. Halin nau’in nau’in shine kawunan da ke kunshe da kawuna 10. Ayyukansa ba ya shafar halayen kulawa da irin ƙasa. Ripening yawanci yana ɗaukar kwanaki 90-100.
Ƙaddamar da balaga
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don tabbatar da cewa tafarnuwa ta hunturu ko bazara ta shirya don girbi. Kasar da ke kusa da kara ya kamata a diba a hankali sama da hannuwanku kuma a duba kwan fitila. Idan tsarin harsashi yana da yawa, zaka iya fara tsaftacewa. In ba haka ba, ƙasa dole ne a raked a hankali, rufe rhizome.
Dole ne tafarnuwa ta zama cikakke
Wani alama na balaga shine ɓangaren ƙasa na shuke-shuke. Ganyen ya fara canza launi daga kore zuwa rawaya, ya faɗi ƙasa. Babban tushe ya zama taushi. Kararraki suna bayyana akan inflorescences. Harsashin kawunan ya kamata ya kwashe cikin sauƙi. Ya kamata a duba tsire-tsire ba a jere ba, amma duk a lokaci ɗaya, don tabbatar da cikakken maturation na dukkan kwararan fitila.
Makonni 2-3 kafin girbi, ya kamata ku daina shayar da tsire-tsire don sarrafa tsarin ripening. Bugu da ƙari, wannan motsi yana ba ku damar kare kwararan fitila daga lalacewa ta hanyar fungi. Hakanan zaka iya cire kiban kuma ku ɗaure ganyen rawaya. Don haka yana jujjuya duk abubuwan gina jiki zuwa rhizome kuma yana hana shuka daga haɓaka sashin ƙasa a wannan matakin.
Girbi
Ɗaya daga cikin lokuta mafi mahimmanci lokacin girma tafarnuwa hunturu a cikin Urals shine girbi daga gadaje.
Bayan an ƙaddara cewa amfanin gona ya girma, yana da matukar muhimmanci a fara girbi nan da nan. Tare da wuce gona da iri a cikin ƙasa, shuka ya rasa yawancin kaddarorinsa kuma an adana shi mafi muni a cikin hunturu. A lokaci guda, ba kome ba ko an girma nau’in a kan shafin: bazara ko hunturu.
Kada a cire tafarnuwa, sai dai idan kun kasance cikin yanayin da kuka yi yabo a kan titi. Sannan yana da kyau a jira har sai yanayin ya zama al’ada. Zai fi kyau a girbe tafarnuwa a cikin busassun yanayi da kwanciyar hankali, lokacin da rana ba ta yin gasa da yawa. Zai fi kyau a tono tushen amfanin gona da safe ko da dare.
Wajibi ne a tono tafarnuwa a hankali don kada ya lalata kawunansu. Yi amfani da cokali mai yatsa ko shebur don wannan. Ba a ba da shawarar girgiza ƙasa tare da tubers tare da felu ko farar fata ba, ya kamata a yi wannan tare da safar hannu. Idan duk ’ya’yan itacen a sama suke, sai a bushe gaba daya, hakan zai taimaka wajen kawar da tushen wasu kwayoyin cuta da kuma inganta amfanin gona a lokacin sanyi.
Mafi dacewa idan zaka iya barin kawunan don sa’o’i da yawa a rana. Tsarin bushewa zai ɗauki kimanin kwanaki 5. Sa’an nan kuma kuna buƙatar yanke saman, barin 5 cm na kara. Wani zaɓi don shirya don ajiya shine a wanke kawunan da ruwan sanyi. Bayan haka, suna buƙatar rataye su don bushewa, don haka ruwan ya shiga cikin kwanon rufi. Bayan bushewa, an yanke mai tushe kuma ana barin tushen amfanin gona ya bushe har tsawon mako guda a ƙarƙashin wani alfarwa.
Abin da ke barazanar girbi da bai kai ba
Idan ba a cire tafarnuwa daga gadaje a cikin lokaci ba, sakamakon zai iya zama mai tsanani:
- harsashi ya karye,
- busassun kawunansu sun fara tarwatsewa zuwa hakora daban.
- wasu sassa na kwan fitila sun fara tushe kuma suna tsiro.
Duk wani jinkiri na iya haifar da asarar al’ada gaba daya. Tafarnuwa na iya zama mara amfani. Yarda da ka’idodin tsaftacewa, bushewa da adanawa yana ba da garantin babban tsaro a duk lokacin hunturu. Kada ka manta cewa wata daya kafin digging, kana bukatar ka daina watering da takin.
Yadda ake adana amfanin gona
Ingancin kula da tushen amfanin gona ya dogara ba kawai akan girbi mai kyau ba da kuma saduwa da lokacin ƙarshe. Lokacin adana amfanin gona na tushen, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da yanayin gida na yau da kullun. A cikin shekaru, an ƙirƙira hanyoyi da yawa don adana tushen amfanin gona har zuwa bazara. Hanyar da ta fi dadewa ita ce ajiya mai sarƙaƙƙiya.Ana rataye sarƙoƙin tafarnuwa a busassun ɗakuna masu duhu.
Wani zaɓi na nasara shine adanawa a cikin raga ko jakunkuna na lilin. Dole ne a riga an jiƙa raga a cikin ruwan gishiri kuma a bushe. Idan dakin yana da danshi mafi girma, wajibi ne a yayyafa tushen amfanin gona tare da kwasfa na albasa. Zai sha danshi mai yawa kuma ya cece ku tafarnuwa. Ya kamata a adana tafarnuwa na hunturu a zazzabi da bai wuce 10 ℃ ba.
Kashi na karshe
Lokacin girma tafarnuwa a cikin Urals, kuna buƙatar la’akari da yanayin yanayin yankin don fahimtar lokacin da ya fi dacewa don fara tono amfanin gona. Kada ku dogara kawai akan ka’idodin da aka bayyana a cikin littattafai, ya kamata ku kuma la’akari da halaye na nau’in. Lokacin girma tafarnuwa, yana da daraja ba da fifiko kawai ga nau’in zonal.
Lokacin girma zai dogara da yawa akan kulawa da yanayin girma. Nau’in ƙasa kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Za a dakatar da girbin tafarnuwa a cikin ƙasa mai acidic, don haka yin amfani da wani nau’in taki akai-akai zai taimaka wajen saurin girma.
