Yawancin lambu suna shuka tafarnuwa a gonar. Wannan shuka ya ƙunshi bitamin da ma’adanai masu amfani. Shuka shi da tsaba, kwararan fitila, ko cloves. Kowace hanya tana da nata nuances, don haka ba kowa ya san yadda za a dasa tafarnuwa tare da cloves ba.
Dasa tafarnuwa cloves kafin hunturu
shuke-shuke
Albasa ana dasa shi a al’ada makonni 2-3 kafin sanyi. Don haka tafarnuwa hunturu ta dace da yanayin waje. A tsakiyar layin, ana yin haka tsakanin farkon Satumba da tsakiyar Oktoba. A wasu wurare, suna mai da hankali kan yanayin zafi. Idan ya ragu zuwa digiri 10 da dare, to lokaci ya yi da za a dasa shuka.
Zabar wurin da za a shuka
Ƙasa mai ƙarancin acidity ko na al’ada shine wuri mai kyau don shuka tafarnuwa a cikin hunturu. Ya kamata gadon ya kasance a gefen rana.
Kafin yin noma, ya kamata ku kula da amfanin gona na baya da suka yi girma a cikin ƙasa. Magabata masu kyau don tafarnuwa hunturu sune:
- farkon kabeji,
- kabewa,
- kabewa,
- cucumbers,
- tumatir,
- legumes, da sauransu.
An ba da izinin shuka shuka albasa a kusa da amfanin gona na lambu (strawberries, strawberries). Ba a ba da shawarar shuka tafarnuwa bayan dankali da albasa. Irin wannan cututtuka na iya taruwa a cikin ƙasa. Bayan haka, suna iya yin mummunan tasiri akan aikin shuka.
Babban tsarin yatsan yatsa shine kada a dasa tafarnuwa a wuri guda fiye da shekaru 2 a jere. In ba haka ba, ƙasa ta kamu da ƙwayar nematode. Kafin shuka wani amfanin gona, yana buƙatar dogon aiki.
Shiri don noma
Shiri muhimmin mataki ne na girma shuka. Taimaka wajen gano abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da mutuwa daga tafarnuwa a cikin ‘yan shekarun nan. Don haka, kafin shuka, dole ne a bincika ƙasa da hakora a hankali.
Tabbatar shirya tafarnuwa don dasa shuki
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Yana farawa a karshen watan Agusta. Na farko, ana bincika ƙasa don kwari da cututtuka. Idan an gano su, takin ƙasa ya zama dole. Zai ɗauki gram 10 na hummus, gilashin alli da gram 300 na ash. Wannan ya isa 1 m2.
Wasu lambu suna ƙara cokali 2 na potassium sulfate da cokali 1 na superphosphorous. Dukkan abubuwan da aka haɗa an haɗa su kuma ana rarraba su daidai a cikin ƙasa. Bayan haka, an haƙa gadon har zuwa 20-25 cm.
Muhimmiyar doka ita ce takin ƙasa da taki. Ba a ba da shawarar ba. Zai ƙara yawan acidity da adadin peat a cikin ƙasa. Wannan zai haifar da mummunan tasiri ga germination na kayan lambu. Ana barin ƙasa don kwanaki 15-20 kafin dasa shuki. Wannan wajibi ne don kada ƙasa ta daidaita.
Idan kun shuka tafarnuwa nan da nan bayan tono, yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ragu. Lokacin nutsewar ƙasa, haƙora kuma suna faɗuwa. A cikin bazara, lokacin germination zai karu da makonni 1-2, shugabannin shuka za su zama ƙanana.
Shiri na hakora
Muna raba kan tafarnuwa zuwa cloves ba tare da kasawa ba kafin dasa. Ya kamata a duba kowanne kuma a zaɓi manyan kayan iri masu lafiya. Dole ne kada a lalata ma’auni.
Ba a ba da shawarar kusoshi tare da tsummoki da rot ba. Kada a sami haƙarƙari ko karce a duk faɗin. Zaɓaɓɓen kusoshi suna buƙatar sarrafawa. Maganin potassium permanganate da jan karfe sulfate cikakke ne. Ana jiƙa iri don 10-12 hours.
Muhimmiyar sanarwa: dole ne a bushe hakora. Idan sun jika, to, ingancin amfanin gona zai yi ƙasa sosai.
Yin aiki tare da maganin ash
- kana bukatar kofuna 2 na ash itace,
- zuba 2 lita na ruwan dumi,
- bayan sa’o’i 3-5, ash zai narke cikin ruwa.
- bayan ƙaddamar da maganin, ana amfani da ɓangaren haske.
Wasu manoman kayan lambu suna amfani da gishiri don shirya cloves. Zai ɗauki gishiri cokali 5 a kowace guga na ruwa. Rage hakora na minti 10-20. Ana dasa su akan gado ba tare da kurkura ba.
Saukowa
Na farko, samar da gadaje. Mafi girman girman shine 0.25 * 1m. Suna yin ramuka tare da zurfin 5 zuwa 15 cm. Idan lokacin shuka shine makonni 2 kafin sanyi na farko, to zurfin bai wuce 5 cm ba. A tsakiyar layin wannan shine lokacin daga Satumba 23 zuwa 15 ga Oktoba. A cikin yankuna da yanayi mai dumi, a farkon Nuwamba.
Idan mai lambu zai shuka tafarnuwa don hunturu a gaba (marigayi Agusta – farkon kaka), to zurfin shine 10-15 cm. Godiya ga wannan, hakora zasu jure wa sanyi kuma suyi tushe.
Wasu lambu suna amfani da ka’ida: zurfin dasa shuki yana daidai da tsayin ƙusa ya ninka ta 2. Wato, idan tsayin ƙusa ya kasance 5 cm, to, an dasa shi a zurfin 10 cm.
Nisa tsakanin ramukan shine 10 cm. Wannan wajibi ne don kada hakora su tsoma baki tare da ci gaban ɗayan. Mafi kyawun nisa tsakanin layuka shine 25-30 cm. Wannan zai ba ku damar aiwatar da mahimman hanyoyin kulawa cikin sauƙi: sassautawa, weeding, takin zamani.
Ka tuna cewa ba kwa buƙatar danna haƙoran ku a ƙasa. Wannan na iya lalata tushen tsarin.
Ci gaba da nisa
Saukowa tare da tsagi
Wata hanyar saukowa, wanda shine don zubar da yashi mai tsabta a kasa. Saboda haka, hakora suna kariya daga lalacewa.
Bayan dasa shuki, ƙasa tana mulched. Wannan hanya ce ta wajibi da aka yi niyya don karewa daga daskarewa. Amma idan yankin yana da yanayi mai dumi, to ba za a iya yin mulching ba. Dry peat ko sawdust sun dace da ciyawa. Layer na ciyawa bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 3 cm ba.
Idan babu dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu, to wajibi ne a rufe gado tare da zane na filastik. A cikin bazara, ana tsabtace shi bayan cire sanyi. An girbe shi a tsakiyar lokacin rani, ƙarshen Yuli ko farkon Agusta.
Tafarnuwa Tafarnuwa
Idan kun dasa tafarnuwa daidai, kulawar zai zama kadan. Ya ƙunshi shayarwa, taki da sarrafa kwari.
Idan kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa ba su da kyau, yi amfani da takin mai magani na phosphoric kafin dasa. Kuna buƙatar cokali 1 na superphosphate, 500 ml na ash itace da cokali 2-3 na potassium sulfate a diluted a cikin guga na ruwa. An fi amfani da takin zamani ta hanyar amfani da hanyar ban ruwa.
A cikin bazara, lokacin da sanyi ya wuce, babban wakili shine urea. A tsoma cokali 1 na urea a cikin guga 1 na ruwa. Tare da bayani, shayar da seedlings.
Ana yin watering kowane kwanaki 7-10. Kasa kada tayi jika sosai ko bushewa. Tabbatar share gadon sako. Suna lalata tushen tsarin shuka albasa.
Mafi kyawun nau’ikan shuka a lokacin hunturu
Lokacin zabar tafarnuwa iri-iri, kowane mai lambu yana mai da hankali ba kawai ga abubuwan da yake so ba.
Yana la’akari da ingancin ƙasa, yanayi da yanayin yanayi, lokacin shuka, da farkon balaga.
Mafi mashahuri nau’in tafarnuwa, waɗanda aka dasa tare da cloves don hunturu:
- Otradnensky. Yana da alaƙa da juriya ga ƙananan yanayin zafi da kwari. Yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa (1,5 kg da 1 m2). Yana da ɗanɗano mai matsakaici-marigayi, yaji. Dace da namo a cikin Ukraine, Belarus, Rasha.
- Gribovsky 60 – precocious, gilashi. Nauyin kai: kamar 50 gr. Yawan hakora shine 6 zuwa 12. Abin dandano yana da kyau.
- Gribovsky ranar tunawa. Lokacin ripening yana tsakiyar marigayi. Ya dace da girma a cikin layin tsakiya. Mai jurewa fari, sanyi da ambaliya.
- Komsomolets. Lokacin girma bai wuce kwanaki 110 ba. Yana da ɗanɗano mai ƙarfi. Yana ba da girbi mai kyau idan an yi la’akari da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don shuka.
- Local Danilovsky. An ba da shawarar girma a cikin layin tsakiya. Nauyin kwan fitila: kimanin 45-50 gr. A dandano ne kasa yaji fiye da sauran iri. Yawan aiki – 1-1.2 kg / m2.
Duk nau’ikan sun dace da kiyayewa. Ana iya amfani da su danye.Bayan bushewa, ana ƙara su zuwa kayan yaji.
ƙarshe
Dasa tafarnuwa tare da cloves yana da sauƙi. Babban abu shine shirye-shiryen da ya dace na ƙasa da kayan iri. Idan kun yi zargin ingancin ƙasa ko hakora, yana da kyau a duba da sarrafa su.
Ya kamata a dasa tafarnuwa na hunturu a tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen fall. Dole ne ya sami tushe. Babban aikin kulawa: watering sau ɗaya a mako, mulching don hunturu, takin mai magani a cikin fall da bazara. Idan an aiwatar da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata, tafarnuwa za ta samar da kyakkyawan amfanin gona.
