Yaya ake amfani da magungunan gida don maganin kudan zuma? –

Tsayar da apiary a cikin koshin lafiya tare da magunguna na musamman shine mafarkin kowane mai kiwon kudan zuma mai kyau. Abin baƙin ciki, ganye (decoctions, infusions, tinctures) ba ko da yaushe tasiri ga ci-gaba cututtuka. Amma a lokaci guda, sun tabbatar da ingancin su daidai a matsayin matakan rigakafi.

Akwai ra’ayi cewa cututtuka na kudan zuma masu tayar da hankali suna haifar da su ta hanyar rashin kulawa da amfani da sinadarai da kuma sauyin yanayi na ƙudan zuma. Yawancin masu kiwon kudan zuma suna kawo nau’o’in iri zuwa yankunan da kwari ba su dace da su ba da farko. Duk wannan yana kaiwa nan gaba zuwa matsaloli tare da noman lafiya, ƙarfi da iyalai masu inganci.

Abun cikin labarin

• 1 Shahararrun hanyoyin inganta apiary.
• 2 Yadda ake tattarawa da bushewa da albarkatun ƙasa
• 3 Yaki da varroatosis
  • 3.1 Red barkono
  • 3.2 Macijin ciki
  • 3.3 Sauran tsire-tsire
• 4 Yaki da nosematosis
  • 4.1 Macijin ciki
  • 4.2 Sauran tsire-tsire
• 5 Yaki da ascospherosis
• 6 Ƙarfafa rigakafi ga yankunan kudan zuma

Shahararrun hanyoyin inganta apiary.

Akwai girke-girke da yawa bisa ga ganye da sauran tsire-tsire. Kowane gogaggen mai kiwon kudan zuma ya koyi a nasa aikin don amfani da wasu magungunan jama’a, ya ƙirƙira sabbin hanyoyin jiyya da rigakafin.

Ba shi yiwuwa kawai a bayyana duk shawarwarin da kuma rufe dukan kiwon kudan zuma kwarewa, amma za mu yi kokarin haskaka a cikin wannan labarin, mafi mashahuri magunguna da taimaka wajen yaki da na kowa ailments na ƙudan zuma.

Mafi mashahuri sune decoctions da infusions na ruwan shuka. Ana amfani da tinctures akan barasa ko gaurayawan ruwan barasa da yawa a cikin kiwon zuma.

Decoctions An shirya su daga kayan da aka murkushe da aka sanya a cikin ruwan zãfi. Ciyawa suna yin rauni na matsakaicin mintuna 20 zuwa 30. Dangane da girke-girke, ana iya amfani da wanka na ruwa don shiri.

Jiko an shirya su daban. Da farko, an zuba kayan da aka yi da ruwa, an kawo shi zuwa tafasa, sa’an nan kuma ya bushe a cikin wanka na ruwa na minti 10-15. Ana buƙatar irin wannan maganin na akalla minti 45. Bayan haka, ana tace miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma an diluted da ruwa zuwa ƙarar da aka ba da shawarar.

Yadda ake tattarawa da bushewa da albarkatun ƙasa.

Dokokin tattarawa:

1. Ya kamata a girbe ganye a lokacin fure da girma mai aiki (lokacin girma). A cikin wannan lokaci, ganye, furanni da mai tushe sun ƙunshi matsakaicin adadin abubuwa masu aiki. Dole ne yanayin ya bushe. Mafi kyawun lokacin girbi shine daga 11 na safe zuwa 1 na yamma; a wannan lokacin, raɓa na safiya yana bushewa gaba ɗaya kuma tsire-tsire suna tara yawan carbohydrate kamar yadda zai yiwu. An yanke tukwici na tsire-tsire tare da inflorescences (tsawon 20-25 cm).
2. Ana girbe furanni daban daga mai tushe a farkon lokacin fure da tsaba da ‘ya’yan itatuwa bayan ripening na ƙarshe.
3. Ana tono tushen a cikin kaka kafin sashin iska na tsiron ya bushe. Da zarar an cire su daga ƙasa, an tsabtace su sosai daga ƙasa kuma a yanka su cikin ƙananan ƙananan.
4. Ana girbe haushin daga bishiyar da ake son sarewa a farkon bazara kafin ruwan ya zubo kuma ganyen farko ya bayyana.
5. Hakanan ana girbe buds a cikin bazara. A lokaci guda, a cikin Pine da sauran conifers, an yanke manyan buds tare da ƙananan ƙananan.
6. Ana tattara ganye daban. A cikin ciyawa, ana iya yanke su bayan yanke, kuma a cikin bishiyoyi, ana iya ɗaukar su a hankali daga rassan.

Dokokin bushewa:

1. Ana sanya danyen kayan a kwali ko takarda mai kauri a wuri mai iskar iska daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Na musamman attics da zubar a kan titi sun dace da wannan dalili.
2. Ba za a iya bushe ɗanyen kayan da ke ɗauke da mahimman mai ba a yanayin zafi sama da digiri 40. Sauran tsire-tsire na iya ɗaukar digiri 60-70 kyauta a ma’aunin celcius, ba tare da rasa kayan aikinsu na magani ba. Layer don bushewa yana haɗuwa da kyau kowace rana.
3. An haramta bushe rassan da harbe na bishiyoyi a cikin gida, saboda suna iya yin fure. Dole ne a sanya su a ƙarƙashin rumfa a kan titi.

Abubuwan da aka gama an cika su a cikin jakunkuna na zane na halitta ko kuma manne da takarda. Ana adana komai a wuri mai duhu, bushe da sanyi don bai wuce shekaru biyu ba. Ba a adana shirye-shiryen bitamin (‘ya’yan itatuwa, tsaba) fiye da shekara guda.

Yaki da varroatosis

Ana amfani da man fir don kula da ƙudan zuma, a matsayin cikakkiyar lafiya kuma magani mai amfani, wanda ya ƙunshi yawancin bitamin, abubuwan ganowa da sauran abubuwa masu aiki na halitta. .

Don samun nasarar rigakafin, dole ne a shigar da tarko a cikin amya! Idan ba a yi haka ba, tasirin hanyar yana raguwa da 20-30%.

Ana iya yin aiki a kowane lokaci na shekara ban da hunturu. Don wannan, takardar takarda mai girman daidai da kasan hive ana shafa shi da man fir a ƙimar 1-2 ml kowace gida.

Sa’an nan kuma a sanya fatun da man shafawa a gefe a kan firam ɗin kuma an rufe shi da zane. Tare da wannan magani, ya kamata a rufe notches na minti 60-120. Bayan haka, ana buɗe ƙofofin shiga kuma a bar littafin a cikin gida har tsawon kwanaki uku. Mites Varroa za su ruguje zuwa kasan hive a cikin tarkon ragamar da aka shirya ko takarda mai ruwan jelly.

Tsarin sarrafawa:

• sau biyu a cikin bazara da kaka tare da hutu na kwanaki takwas zuwa goma a zazzabi da ba ƙasa da +14 digiri;
• sau uku a lokacin rani tare da hutu na kwanaki takwas zuwa goma a yanayin da bai wuce + 30 digiri Celsius ba.

Red barkono

Ana gudanar da jiyya tare da barkono ja bisa ga makirci masu zuwa :

Ana bushe barkono kuma a yanka a kananan guda. Don gilashin ruwan zãfi huɗu, ɗauki daga 50 zuwa 60 grams na albarkatun kasa. Ana shayar da maganin na matsakaicin sa’o’i 10 zuwa 15. Sa’an nan kuma an tace jiko ta hanyar mai laushi kuma an haxa shi da sukari sugar (mahimmanci 1: 1); 50 zuwa 120 ml na wannan jiko mai ɗaci ana ɗaukar kowace lita na abincin da aka shirya.

Kudan zuma suna son ciyar da daci, amma suna tsoratar da kaska. Ana gudanar da suturar saman sau uku 7-10 kwanakin baya. Bayan samun nasarar jiyya, chipping yana raguwa da matsakaicin kashi 80.

Wani m dressing girke-girke ya hada da kashi 10 na propolis. Don lita ɗaya na jiko na barkono barkono gauraye da syrup, ɗauki 20 g na propolis.

Girke-girke na irin wannan ciyarwa:

• 1000 ml na syrup tare da maida hankali na 1: 1;
• 120 ml na jiko mai ruwa na barkono ja;
• 20 ml na gida propolis tincture.

Don shirya tincture na propolis na gida, an murƙushe shi da kyau kuma an sanya shi cikin ruwan sanyi. Dole ne a bushe ruwan da ya haifar sannan a cika shi da barasa na likitanci a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 10 na barasa. Ana shigar da samfurin a wuri mai duhu har tsawon mako guda. Girgiza akwati lokaci-lokaci. Ana tace tincture da aka gama kuma ana amfani dashi azaman ƙari don abinci na magani.

barkono ja a ƙasa Ana ɗauka a cikin adadin 10 g da 1000 ml na ruwan zãfi. Dole ne ku nace da thermos. Bayan sanyaya da tacewa ta hanyar yadudduka biyu ko uku na cheesecloth, ana shayar da zumar da wannan jiko daga kwalban fesa mai kyau. Ana aiwatar da aiwatarwa sau 2-3 tare da hutu na kwanaki 7-10.

Macijin ciki

Ana gudanar da maganin ƙudan zuma tare da tsutsotsi bisa ga makirci mai zuwa :

1. Ana zuba rabin kilogiram na busassun busassun busassun ruwa lita 10, a nannade kwandon sannan a rika zuba wa wakilin na kwana biyu.
2. Bayan haka, an tace miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma an haxa shi da syrup (1: 1 maida hankali) a cikin adadin 100 milliliters da lita.
3. Ana rarraba miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin gram 100 don kowane murabba’in ƙudan zuma da aka rufe. Bayan bayarwa na farko, ana rage tsunkule da matsakaita na 80%. Wannan shi ne quite tasiri m miya.

Tarin maganin, wanda aka sani tsakanin masu kiwon zuma kamar KAS-81, ana amfani da shi don ciyar da bazara-kaka . Mafi kyawun lokacin ƙarshe don bayarwa shine tsakiyar watan Agusta, daga 15 zuwa 20.

Siffofin da aka shirya tare da ƙari na wannan maganin jama’a ana rarraba su a cikin allurai uku ko hudu a cikin adadin lita 5-6 a kowace gida.

Girke-girke na syrup dangane da sukari ko zuma: kilo da rabi na zuma ko granulated sugar a kowace 1.000 ml na ruwan zãfi.

Haɗin kuɗin jiyya:

• lita goma (guga) na ruwa;
• 900 grams na tsutsotsi mai ɗaci, wanda aka tattara a lokacin lokacin fure mai aiki;
• grams hamsin na tsutsotsi mai ɗaci, wanda aka tattara a lokacin girma na ƙwayar kore;
• hamsin grams na Pine buds.

Ana zubar da kayan da aka murƙushe tare da ruwa kuma a bar su a ƙarƙashin murfi don 2-3 hours. An sanya jiko da aka gama a cikin wani wuri mai dumi don 7-8 hours, tace ta hanyar mai laushi mai kyau. A cikin 1000 ml na syrup sukari, ana ɗaukar 30-35 ml na jiko.

Sauran tsire-tsire

Sauran girke-girke na maganin kudan zuma na ganye:

Furen tansy sune Ana sanya su tsakanin yadudduka biyu na gauze kuma an sanya su akan firam ɗin. A cikin hive, samfurin yana ɗaukar kwanaki biyu, bayan haka an yi hutu na kwanaki 5. Ana iya yin jiyya sau da yawa har sai an rage riko.

thyme ko thyme babu es yana da tasiri sosai a kan varroa, amma kuma ana amfani dashi don magance gida. Don yin wannan, 100 g na sabo ne tsire-tsire an wuce ta cikin injin nama, sakamakon taro an sanya shi tsakanin yadudduka biyu na gauze kuma an dage farawa a kan firam. Bayan kwanaki 3-4, ana maye gurbin alamar magani tare da sabon tsari. Ana iya maimaita maganin sau da yawa, amma mako guda kafin a cire zuma, ana cire thyme daga duk amya.

Coniferous gari (Powdered Pine da fir needles) ana amfani da shi don lalata zumar zuma da ƙudan zuma. Mites ba sa jure wa warin conifers. Bayan sa’o’i 10-12, suna rugujewa zuwa kasan hive kuma sun rasa ikon motsawa cikin yardar kaina: foda na magani ya toshe kofuna na tsotsa a ƙafafunsu. Don aiwatar da gida, gram 60 na gari na coniferous ya isa.

Yaki da nosematosis

A decoction na calendula, Mint da St. John’s wort ne ciyar da yankin kudan zuma a kowace rana har tsawon kwanaki 21, rabin lita kowace. A cikin kwas ɗaya, kowane iyali zai karɓi lita biyar na magani gauraye da sukari.

Ana shirya broth:

• na grams goma na furanni calendula;
• ashirin grams na Mint ganye;
• na ashirin grams na St. John’s wort.

Duk waɗannan tsire-tsire ana tafasa su a cikin ruwan zãfi milimita 1000 na minti 15. Ana sanyaya broth, tacewa kuma an ƙara shi zuwa syrup ƙãre, 50 ml a kowace lita.

Zobo mai tsami ko suturar rhubarb ana gudanar da shi a cikin bazara nan da nan bayan jirgin tsaftacewa a cikin adadin 0.5-1 lita kowace gida. Ana zuba broth a cikin kwandon gilashin (kwali) kuma a sanya shi a kan nests. Don shirya samfurin don lita 10 na ruwa, za ku buƙaci 2 kilogiram na mai tushe da ganye na zobo ko rhubarb. A cikin broth mai laushi, an narkar da sukari mai granulated a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 1 kuma an ba shi ga ƙudan zuma da aka sanyaya.

Macijin ciki

Ana ba da cakuda zobo da absinthe zuwa yankunan kudan zuma a cikin bazara akalla sau uku, milliliters 1,000 a kowace gida. Decoctions na doki zobo da wormwood an shirya daban. Don lita 5 na ruwan zãfi, ana ɗaukar 250 g busassun ciyawa, an shayar da miyagun ƙwayoyi na minti 10. Ana zuba broth na tsawon sa’o’i da yawa sannan a tace.

Girke-girke na Syrup:

• wormwood broth – 1-2 tablespoons;
• doki zobo broth – 0,5 lita;
• sugar granulated – 2 kg.

A lokaci guda kuma, kar a manta cewa yanayin acidic yana haɓaka yaduwar cututtukan fungal, musamman ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ba shi da daraja ba da miya mai tsami na dogon lokaci.

Barasa tincture na wormwood An shirya daga matasa harbe na shuka. Domin 100 milliliters na vodka, 10 grams na sabo ne wormwood aka dauka. Ana shayar da maganin na kwana uku. Ana amfani dashi azaman ƙari na magani don syrup sugar (ana ɗaukar cokali ɗaya na tincture kowace rabin lita). Ana gudanar da abinci sau uku zuwa hudu tare da hutu na kwanaki 5-7. Zaka iya amfani da tincture daga kantin magani – 15 milliliters ga kowane lita hudu na syrup.

Sauran tsire-tsire

Sauran tasiri tinctures da ganye (masu allurai a kowace lita na gama syrup):

• tafarnuwa da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace nettle – 10 ml kowane;
• calamus da calendula tinctures – 5 ml kowane;
• ruwan ‘ya’yan itace nettle – 10 ml;
• jiko na barkono ja, St. John’s wort ko chamomile – 30 ml.

Ana shirya Kandy daga kilogiram ɗaya na zuma, kilogiram 4 na powdered sukari, 4-5 digo na man kayan lambu da 50 ml na tincture na ganye (ruwan ‘ya’yan itace) . Ana ciyar da shi a cikin nau’i na biredi akan adadin rabin kilogram kowace iyali.

Kariyar Caramel na ganye:

• ruwan ‘ya’yan itace nettle – maganin antiseptik da tonic;
• ruwan ‘ya’yan itace juniper;
• calendula tincture (idan kantin magani ne, to 10 milliliters da kilogram na abinci!);
• ruwan ‘ya’yan Aloe

Ana amfani da jiko mai ruwa na barkono mai zafi (a cikin kwasfa) don ban ruwa na combs da ciyar da magani. . Wannan shuka yana motsa oviposition a cikin sarauniya kuma yana taimakawa tsaftace hanji.

An shirya jiko kamar haka. Ana niƙa busassun busassun (gram 50) a zuba a cikin thermos tare da ruwan zãfi guda ɗaya. Ana shigar da maganin da rana, tacewa, kuma ana amfani dashi don magani.

Don ƙarfafawa, an shirya cakuda 250 milliliters na madarar shanu, lita na barkono jiko da 250 grams na granulated sukari. Ana sarrafa duk firam ɗin tare da ƙudan zuma tare da mafita.

Don ciyarwa, ana ƙara 30 milliliters na jiko a cikin syrup (tare da maida hankali na daya zuwa daya). Ana fitar da samfurin a cikin adadin 200-300 grams a kowace plinth.

Yaki da ascospherosis

Yin maganin ƙudan zuma da tafarnuwa don cututtukan fungal na brood shine ma’auni mai tasiri sosai . A cikin bazara, ana amfani da shuka gaba ɗaya (harbe kore, kibiyoyi da kawunan kansu):

1. Ana sanya kayan lambu masu shredded a kasan amya da cloves, a nika su a cikin injin nama, an nannade su a cikin kullin gauze kuma a sanya su cikin firam a ƙarƙashin zane (cinyewar cokali ɗaya ko biyu a kowace gida). Ana canza tafarnuwa tare da sabon sashi kowane kwanaki 5-6 har sai cutar ta ƙare gaba ɗaya.
2. An shirya sutura kamar haka. Ana gauraya nikakken tafarnuwa a cikin ruwan sukari mai dumi (natsuwa ɗaya zuwa biyar) akan adadin cloves biyu a kowace 500 ml. Tsarin gida shine gram 100-150 a lokaci guda. Ana yin martani bayan kwanaki biyar.

Field horsetail yana da a depressant sakamako a kan causative wakili na ascospherosis. An shirya broth na magani daga sabbin panicles na shuka, wanda ya ƙunshi matsakaicin adadin silicic acid na halitta. Kuna iya sanya ganyen akan ido a cikin tukunyar. Ana tafasa samfurin na minti 10 kuma an saka shi tsawon sa’o’i biyu. Akan wannan broth ana tayar da sirop (akan mayar da hankali ɗaya zuwa ɗaya), ana ba kudan zuma a cikin kwanaki biyar, lita ɗaya ga kowane gida.

Sabbin ganyen tansy da wormwood shine Yi amfani da sa a ƙarƙashin cinya a cikin adadin 200-250 grams kowace saƙar zuma. Da zarar mai tushe ya bushe, sai a maye gurbinsu da ciyawa. Ana amfani da wannan magani a lokacin aiki na rayuwar kudan zuma, ban da tattara zuma.

Ana yin maganin ƙudan zuma da yarrow ta hanyar ƙurar zuma da foda daga wannan ganye . Don dalilai na magani, zaku iya amfani da fakitin magunguna na yarrow ko busassun shuke-shuke da aka girbe da kansu a ƙarshen bazara. Ana cinye matsakaita na pinches biyar na foda kowane iyali. Ana yin jiyya sau uku tare da hutun kwana uku. Bayan jiyya na uku, alamun ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ɓace.

Ƙarfafa rigakafi ga yankunan kudan zuma.

Ana amfani da ganyaye masu zuwa da decoctions azaman ƙarfafawa, maganin antiseptik da ƙarin bitamin (kowace lita na syrup da aka shirya tare da maida hankali ɗaya zuwa ɗaya):

• lemun tsami balm (bangaren iska na flowering shuka) – 50-100 milliliters na jiko;
• Tushen calamus na fadama (cakali a cikin niƙaƙƙun nau’i na kofuna biyu na ruwan zãfi, an ba da rana ɗaya a cikin thermos) – an ba da jiko a cikin tablespoon;
• furanni dandelion, ganye da tushen (an shirya decoctions daga rhizomes, sauran ana amfani da su don infusions) – 50 milliliters kowanne;
• ya tashi hips (50 grams da hudu kofuna na ruwan zãfi, infuse for hudu hours a cikin wani thermos) – 30-50 milliliters kowane;
• furanni chamomile: 50 milliliters kowanne;
• ‘ya’yan itatuwa hawthorn (50 grams da kofuna hudu na ruwan zãfi, infused na sa’o’i hudu) – daga 50 zuwa 100 milliliters da 1,000 ml na miya;
• John’s Wort (sashe na sama na tushe tare da furanni): daga 50 zuwa 100 milliliters na jiko;
• furanni calendula – daga 50 zuwa 100 grams (wannan shine kyakkyawan wakili na antibacterial wanda ke lalata streptococci da staphylococci);
• nettle (sashi na sama na mai tushe na shuke-shuke) – 100 milliliters na jiko;
• ruwan ‘ya’yan itace nettle – 5-10 grams da 1,000 ml na syrup ko rabin kilogram na kandy (an bayar a farkon bazara a matsayin maganin tonic da bitamin);
• ruwan ‘ya’yan itace sabo na Pine needles: 5-10 grams da 1,000 ml na syrup ko rabin kilogram na caramel.

Yin maganin ƙudan zuma da ganye da kayan aikin su ba ƙari ba ne ga ƙwayoyin cuta, kwari da kansu suna jurewa kuma baya haifar da wata illa ga mutanen da ke cinye kayan kudan zuma.