Marcos: iri da girma

The frame hive a yau shine babban kayan kiwon zuma. Ya zo ne don maye gurbin akwatunan gida da murfi, buɗe sabon mataki a cikin ci gaban kiwon zuma.

A hive Frames da nadawa kudan zuma gidaje tsarin yarda da rayayye tsoma baki a cikin rayuwar kudan zuma mazauna, gudanar da bincike, gyara ci gaban da nests, incubate sarauniya, amfani da wucin gadi tushe, fama swarming, da sauri famfo zuma marketable.

Abun cikin labarin

• 1 zane
• 2 girma
• 3 Iri-iri
  • 3.1 barguna
  • 3.2 Feeders, incubators, gandun daji
  • 3.3 Allon kariya
  • 3.4 Gyara
  • 3.5 Sashe

zane

Hive Frames ba ka damar iyakance gina combs. Kudan zuma na sake gina su ƙasa a wuraren da ba su dace ba ga mai kula da kudan zuma.

Ta hanyar ƙira, waɗannan ɗigo biyu ne a tsaye waɗanda aka sanya a layi daya da juna. Sama da ƙasa, tsarin yana goyan bayan sanduna na kauri daban-daban; a kasa sun fi na sama. Wani lokaci ana sanya mashaya a ƙasa.

Don samarwa, ana amfani da itace mai bushe, wanda ba ya gabatar da kulli ko wasu lahani. Ba a yi amfani da Birch da Pine don blanks! Ana amfani da itatuwan deciduous masu laushi kawai masu laushi da coniferous.

girma

Girman firam ɗin kudan zuma ya bambanta dangane da ƙirar gidajen da aka yi amfani da su.

Da farko, an rarraba tsarin na Lorenzo Langstroth na Amurka a kasuwa, wanda ya sami damar isa ga masu siye tare da tayin, gaban Ukrainian Petr Prokopovich. Shahararren zane na biyu Charles Dadant ne ya gabatar da shi.

Wanne daga cikin ƙirar da aka tsara aka ɗauka a matsayin daidaitaccen matsayi ne. Amma Developers na amya nemi unify masu girma dabam don sauƙaƙe aikin beekeepers. Firam ɗin saƙar zuma suna dogara ne akan nisa na milimita 435, saboda faɗin ciki na akwatunan da aka yi amfani da su shine 450 mm.

Saboda haka, ma’auni na daidaitaccen firam ɗin hive, tare da ɗan ƙaramin canji a tsayinsa, sun dace da ma’auni don tsarin jiki da yawa da biyu:

• 435 ta 300: Girman firam ɗin don amya na Dadan, sanye take da gine-gine biyu;
• 435 ta 230: daidaitattun ma’auni na Langstroth-Root tsarin multihull.

Amma a nan ya kamata a lura da cewa Dadans za a iya sanye take da daya ko biyu tanti tsawo, wanda aka rage a cikin tsawo. Don haka, girman firam ɗin hive na Dadan shine:

• 435 ta 300 a cikin gidaje;
• 435 zuwa 145: rabin firam a cikin kari waɗanda ake amfani da su don tara zuma a lokacin cin hanci.

A bangarorin biyu na saman mashaya bisa ga TU 10 RSFSR 337-88 An yi masu ratayewa na mm 10 don rataya firam ɗin saƙar zuma a cikin rataye na cikin gidan. A wannan yanayin, nisa na dukkan sassa shine 25 mm.

Sauran gama-gari na firam ɗin hive sune:

• 300 by 435 – 90 digiri jujjuya ko tsayi kunkuntar saƙar firam don Ukrainian amya;
• 435 zuwa 145 – Ana amfani da kakin zuma mai ƙananan nisa a cikin tsarin da ke da ƙananan ƙananan nisa (misali, ƙirar Farrar ko Palivoda).

Ƙirar ƙananan nisa yana da cikakkiyar kayan aiki tare da ƙananan firam; Hakanan ana shigar da firam ɗin saƙar zuma mai ƙarancin faɗi a cikin gidan. Wannan shi ne yadda ya bambanta da mafi saba zane amya, wanda aka bayyana a fili ma’anar gida da kuma sassan zuma.

Hakanan akwai madaidaitan firam ɗin saƙar zuma. Misali, a cikin Boas, fadinsa 280 ne, tsayinsa kuwa milimita 110 ne.

Za a iya samun zane-zane a cikin wani labarin dabam:

Yadda ake yin firam ɗin kudan zuma 

Iri-iri

Nau’in firam ɗin don amya an ƙaddara ta wurin yanki da halayen aikace-aikacen su:

1. Gida Ana amfani da su don kammala yankin kiwo a cikin ƙananan gine-gine. A cikin loungers da tsarin nisa da aka rage, ba a bambanta su da saƙar zuma.
2. Saya rabin firam An shigar da su a cikin manyan gine-gine na sama. Ana amfani da su a lokacin lokacin tattara zuma. Za a iya amfani da su a kan loungers na rana, idan an samar da zane ta hanyar kantin sayar da.

barguna

Yawancin masu kiwon zuma novice suna mamakin menene murfin murfin a cikin hive. Ba muna magana ne game da girma ko kowane ƙira na musamman a nan! Firam ɗin saƙar zuma na iya zama kowane girman, amma idan an sanya shi a ɓangarorin biyu na gida, suna rufe shi, suna raba shi da sarari kyauta na hive. A bayansu, an shimfiɗa allunan da aka saka kuma an shimfiɗa matattarar sanyaya.

Babban aikin murfin saƙar zuma shine don dumi. A cikin bazara, an rufe gida da combs. Kuma don hunturu, suna amfani da tsofaffi, launin ruwan kasa, cikakkun firam ɗin saƙar zuma.

Feeders, incubators, gandun daji

Firam ɗin ciyarwa – na’urar da aka fi amfani da ita don rarraba syrup ga ƙudan zuma. Yana shigarwa kamar firam ɗin saƙar zuma na yau da kullun, yana hutawa akan folds tare da kafadu. An rufe da katako ko plywood a kowane bangare. Rike har zuwa 1-2 lita na miya.

Tsarin incubator – firam ɗin saƙar zuma na yau da kullun, an sanya shi a cikin akwatin insulating. Dole ne ya ƙunshi rufaffiyar zuriya ko sel sarauniya. Ana amfani da shi don shiryawa lokacin da ake noman giya na uwa.

Gidan gandun daji (graft) – wani talakawa saƙar zuma frame tare da m bakin ciki slats a tarnaƙi. Ana amfani dashi don shigar da sel tare da sel sarauniya.

Allon kariya

Outpost frame ga hive, kuma aka sani da wani outpost jirgin… Yana yana da daidaitattun masu girma dabam don wani nau’in hive. An tattara daga slats da sanduna na gefe. A wasu samfuran, mashaya na ƙasa bazai kasance ba. Dukan yankin irin wannan firam ɗin an dinke shi da alluna ko plywood. Yawancin masu kiwon kudan zuma suna sanya hatimin roba a kusa da kewaye, wanda ke tabbatar da mafi kyawun riƙe zafi a cikin gida.

Bambancin wannan abu shine fantsama da aka yi da kumfa mai rufin polystyrene. Ko ginin katako mai bango biyu wanda aka keɓe a ciki.

Gyara

Tsarin gine-gine – amfani da su don yaƙar drones, varroatosis da samar da kakin zuma (yanke sau ɗaya a mako – ƙudan zuma suna sake gina sababbin combs a nan a lokacin rani). A bayyanar, wannan shi ne talakawa saƙar zuma frame tare da mikewa waya. A saman an shigar da tsiri na tushe na wucin gadi mai faɗin santimita 2-3.

Kudan zuma suna jagorancinsa ta inda za su gina sel.

Mafi dacewa don samarwa da siyarwar zumar zuma. Duk sel za su kasance manya, girman iri ɗaya, haske, kuma suna da bayyanar kasuwanci.

A cikin bazara, ana amfani da firam ɗin ginin don ƙyanƙyashe jiragen. Sakamakon daidaikun mutane sun dace da farkon sarauniya mating. Amma wajibi ne a sanya waɗannan firam ɗin na musamman a cikin yankunan ƙudan zuma na asali, tun da nests na iya bambanta a cikin girman ƙwayoyin drone kuma, saboda haka, a cikin nauyin mazajen da aka haɗe.

An shigar da firam ɗin saƙar zuma na biyu a jere a cikin akwatin ko a tsakiyar gidan.

Sashe

Firam ɗin sashe ana amfani da su don samun saƙar zuma. Sun bayyana a kasuwar kasa a cikin 1990 godiya ga kamfanin Apikrof. Saitin ya ƙunshi firam ɗin saƙar zuma na sashe huɗu da kwantena gare su. An saka sassan a cikin daidaitaccen firam ɗin rabi tare da girman 435 x 145 mm.

Kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, ƙudan zuma ba sa son yin aiki akan sassan filastik. Ana iya magance matsalar ta hanyar inganta rabin firam tare da hannuwanku.

Don yin wannan:

• daga ɓangarorin ɓangaren gefe, an yanke sassa uku tare da tsawo na 110 mm (daidaitaccen sashi shine 25 ta 10);
• rabin firam an yi alama a cikin sassa uku tare da fensir;
• an shigar da sassan a cikin tsarin kuma an ƙusa su a waje tare da studs guda biyu (na sama da ƙasa);
• An yanke tushe zuwa girman kuma an haɗa shi zuwa mashaya a saman tare da abin nadi mai zafi.

Ana shigar da firam ɗin saƙar zuma na gida guda uku a tsakiyar ƙananan ɗakunan ajiya na kowane yanki na ƙudan zuma. Yawan zumar da aka samu a kowane sashe shine gram 500 zuwa 700. An yanke su a lokacin yin famfo tare da wuka mai zafi a kan kwandon filastik na ma’auni masu dacewa.

Anan ga wani sigar ainihin samfurin gida wanda ke amfani da veneer – kayan aikin plywood. Yana sanyawa cikin daidaitaccen firam ɗin saƙar zuma mai tsayi 230mm.

Firam ɗin shine babban abu kuma mafi mahimmanci na kowane gidan kudan zuma na zamani. Daga cikin masu kiwon kudan zuma na gida, wanda ya fi kowa shine tsarin saƙar zuma na Dadanov, wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin tsarin jiki biyu da kuma loungers. Bayan hawa, ana jan kebul akan kowane firam: a cikin layuka 4-5 don Dadans, a cikin layuka 3-4 don Hanyoyi ( masu tashi da yawa) kuma a cikin layuka 2-3 don shaguna.

Karin bayani game da ja:

Muna ja igiyar daidai – samfuran gida don aiki tare da firam.