Daga cikin bromeliads, tsire-tsire kaɗan za su iya dacewa da yawa da ƙawa na rosettes tare da ƙasan gida. Ana tattara ganyen tsire-tsire masu sheki, masu sheki da ƙyalli a cikin ƙoƙon rosettes. Furen Nidularium, kamar gyaran gyare-gyaren bracts, ba ya da alama sosai. Ana samun inflorescences a cikin mazurari akan ciyawar da ba su da tsayi sosai kuma suna da ban mamaki saboda tsarinsu mai rikitarwa. Duk da iri-iri iri, da nesting akwatin, ana riskarsa kamar wani abin mamaki abin dogara, mai sauki, da kuma m shuka cewa zai iya kafa a kwantar da hankula wasulla a ɗaka.
Nidularium shine mafi haske a cikin bromeliads. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Melisenda2010
Abun ciki:
Jafan nidularium mai ban sha’awa mai ban sha’awa
A cikin dangin bromeliad, kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire suna da bracts masu launin launi, kayan ado wanda ya zarce furanni da kansu. A cikin nidularium, ana kiran wannan ingancin musamman: ja mai ban sha’awa, yana sa inflorescences suyi kama da taurari, bracts na wannan bromeliad suna da ban mamaki. Itacen har yanzu bai yi kama da m kamar sabbin abubuwan zamani na gaye na epiphytes ba, suna cin nasara tare da jituwa da kyawun yanayi.
Nidularias sune epiphytes na ƙasa da bromeliads waɗanda ke haifar da kyawawan kututturewa, waɗanda a cikin yanayi sun fi wakilci a cikin gandun daji na Amazonian. Yawancin nau’ikan ana iya samun su a Brazil.
An ba da sunan nidularium don girmama tsari na musamman na inflorescences waɗanda ke ɓoye a cikin rosette – daga Latin “gida” – “nidus”.
Daga cikin nests, akwai biyu epiphytes da terrestrial shuke-shuke, duk stemless, halin da wani sabon abu, m da voluminous rhizome da mamaki m kofin-dimbin yawa rosettes na ganye. A matsakaita, ana tattara kusan ganye 15 a cikin wani ɗan ƙaramin fure, ko da yake akwai tsire-tsire waɗanda ke samar da kusan XNUMX daga cikinsu.
Koren mai haske, tare da tindon zaitun, launi na ganye yana sa nidularium ya yi kyau sosai. Ganyayyaki an shirya su daidai gwargwado, madaidaiciya, yare ko lanceolate mai faɗi, har zuwa 60 cm tsayi tare da matsakaicin faɗin kusan cm 4. Gefen mai nuni ya fi na kowa fiye da ƙwanƙwasa baki, kuma a wani lokaci madaidaicin gefen yana haɗawa da hakora. da ƙaya. Ganyen Nidularia suna da tauri sosai.
Wasu nests suna da alaƙa da ikon sake fentin ganyen ciki kafin fure. Ratsi na tsayi a kan ganye ba sabon abu ba ne.
Ba tare da togiya ba, duk nests suna samar da hadadden inflorescences capitate. Suna zaune zurfi a cikin rosette a kan peduncles har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, a gaskiya ana samun su a cikin ganyayyaki. Bracts, da ƙarfi a haɗe zuwa inflorescence, m, ya fi guntu fiye da babban foliage, yadda ya kamata ya fice daga kanti.
Ƙwayoyin ciki na nidularium sun fi guntu fiye da na waje, wanda ke inganta tasirin furen furanni. Bayan flowering, bracts sun juya kore. Har zuwa furanni 6 akan kowane karu yawanci ba a lura da su ba, kodayake akwai nau’ikan da ke da furanni masu ban mamaki (har zuwa 7 cm). Shugabannin inflorescences suna da yawa, suna da yawa, suna da yawa, ko da yake ba mafi girma ba.
Nidularium yana da lokacin fure mai ban mamaki.
Waɗannan tsire-tsire na iya jin daɗin shuwagabanni masu sheki daga bazara zuwa Disamba, suna nuna taurin kai. Lokacin furanni na iya bambanta dangane da yanayin tsarewa.
Ba kamar bromeliad da yawa ba, nidularium yana girma akan lokaci kuma yana samar da nau’ikan mazauna – manyan matattarar tsire-tsire masu yawa. Samar da yara da yawa.
Nidularius rashin laifi. Manomi Burea-Uinsurance.com Adam Carvalho
Nidularium purpureum (Nidularium purpureum). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Arnaud Fafournoux
Nidularium brillante (Nidularium splendens). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com
Vitaly Alyonkin
Nidularia iri don girma a cikin dakuna.
Wannan shuka mai ban mamaki a cikin yanayi yana wakiltar fiye da nau’in dozin biyu, waɗanda suke kama da ganye, amma sun bambanta da launi na inflorescences. A cikin noman cikin gida, ana amfani da ƙasa da iri iri na wannan shuka.
Nidularium Innokenty (Nidularium na rashin laifi) – kyakkyawan gani mai ban sha’awa ganye. Ganyen da ya kai tsayin cm 30 suna da faɗi, masu siffa bel, tare da koren launi mai haske da ƴan ratsi masu tsayi waɗanda ke bayyana ba daidai ba. Gefen ƙwanƙwasa yana jaddada girman rosette, yayin da ƙaya da ƙaƙƙarfan ganye suna ba da damar shuka ya yi kama sosai. Ganyen matasa masu jajaye ne. Tushen ganyen na sama ya zama ja kafin ya yi fure. Fararen furanni marasa rubutu a cikin inflorescences spikelet ana tattara su a cikin hadaddun kawunan da ke ɓoye a ƙarƙashin inflorescences. Nidularium na Innocent yana fure daga farkon lokacin rani zuwa farkon hunturu.
Nidularium violet (Nidularium violet) – yayi kama da nau’in da suka gabata tare da kunkuntar ganye masu ɓarke mai kunkuntar, suna adana kayan ado ba tare da la’akari da zagayowar fure ba. Ganyen suna yin ja ba tare da daidaito ba, musamman launin ja mai haske yana bayyana jim kaɗan kafin fure. Furen suna da kyau, tare da jajayen sepals da petals, har zuwa 5 cm tsayi, an haɗa su a cikin spikelets a cikin axils na manyan, ja, yadu m, ganye na gefe. Nidularium mai launin shuɗi na iya yin fure a cikin bazara da bazara.
Nidularium brillante (Nidularium mara katsewa) – nau’in nidularium mafi haske a launi. Efiphyte na wurare masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi ya zama sananne saboda kyawawan ganyen sa masu sheki tare da koren zaitun maras ban sha’awa da wuraren haske marasa daidaituwa, waɗanda ke canzawa a saman mazurari zuwa furanni ja da shunayya kafin fure. Ganyen na sama an ɗan rage kaɗan. Wannan nau’in nidularium yana fure daga Mayu zuwa Disamba, dangane da yanayin girma da haske.
Nidularium bilbergiforme (Nidularium billbergioides) Wata cuta ce ta Brazil wacce ke tsiro da kyau a yanayin wurare masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi. Epiphyte ko Semi-epiphyte tare da kyakkyawan furen fure, wanda ya ƙunshi kunkuntar ganye mai tsayi 10-16. Tsawon ganye yana da 30 zuwa 50 cm tare da nisa na kawai 4 cm, yana ba su damar yin kyan gani sosai. Rosettes masu siffa mai mazurari suna bayyana da kyau sosai godiya ga tsarin simmetric da tukwici na ganye.
Launi mai haske mai haske yana haɗuwa tare da kyakkyawan gefen ƙwanƙwasa mai kyau, yana jaddada launi na inflorescences, wani abu mai ban mamaki ga waɗannan tsire-tsire. Haɗaɗɗen shugabannin har zuwa tsayin 8 cm sun ƙunshi ƙananan spikelets tare da furanni masu launin kore-fari ko ja, gaba ɗaya suna ɓoye a cikin axils na ganyen lemun tsami. Bayan fure, taurarin rawaya a kan inflorescences a hankali suna juya kore. Wannan nau’in nidularium yana iya yin fure a watan Mayu, Yuli ko Disamba, dangane da yanayin hunturu da haske.
Nidularium alto (Sunan mahaifi Nidularium) Yana da kyau sosai kuma sanannen shuka. A tsayi har zuwa 50-70 cm, yana haifar da mazugi mai yawa kuma mai ban mamaki, wani lokacin yana kunshe da ganye sama da 40. A tsawon, ganye na iya wuce 60 cm tare da nisa har zuwa 2,5 cm, suna da yare-mai layi-layi, tare da kunkuntar tushe da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa ko mai nuni, wani yanki mai laushi mai laushi da kashin baya. Rubutun mai haske yana haɗuwa tare da kyakkyawan launi mai zurfi mai zurfi.
A kan gajerun peduncles akwai spikes furanni da yawa tare da ƙwanƙolin keel masu haske da manyan furanni masu tsayi har zuwa 7 cm tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi-fari. Wannan nidularium gabaɗaya yana fure a baya fiye da sauran nau’ikan, ko dai a cikin Afrilu ko Agusta. Tsarin ado na Kermezan (kermesianum) ya bambanta da nau’in tushe a cikin launin burgundy mai sheki na ganye.
Nidularium Burchella (Nidularium burchellii) Matsakaicin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in ganye ne mai tsayi har zuwa 30 cm tsayi. Harsuna, tare da tukwici mai kaifi, tsayin 20 cm zuwa rabin mita, ana tattara su a cikin fure mai siffa mai siffa kuma suna ɗaukar gefuna tare da fitattun kashin baya da launi biyu: kore a saman ɓangaren farantin ganye da duhu. ceri a bango. Gajerun tsatsa na peduncles suna da kusan inflorescences na rosette masu ƙoshin ƙarfi, fili mai ƙarfi tare da ƙwanƙolin kore mai santsi da furanni mara kyau. Wannan nau’in nidularium kuma yana iya fure a watan Mayu ko farkon hunturu.
Nidularium billbergioides. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Luiz Filipe Varella
Nidularium alto (Nidularium notallum). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Stefan Neuwirth
Nidularium burchellii (Nidularium burchellii). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Ruud de Block
Yanayi don girma nidularia a cikin gida.
Nidularias ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire masu sauƙi don girma. Abu ne mai sauqi qwarai don zaɓar yanayin noman su daidai: ba sa buƙatar digo mai kaifi a cikin hunturu, ko haske mai haske, suna daidaitawa da ɗakuna daban-daban da wurare daban-daban.
Haske da sanyawa a cikin ciki.
Mafi mahimmancin fa’idar Nidularia akan masu fafatawa koyaushe ana la’akari da rashin buƙatunta a cikin haske. Wannan shuka zai iya girma a cikin yanayi daban-daban ba tare da rasa tasirin kayan ado ba, ya dace da yin ado ba kawai taga sills (sai dai windows windows), amma har da sararin ciki na ciki.
Nidularia, godiya ga kyawawan ganye da tsananinsa, yayi kyau a cikin masu furanni da masu shuka shuki, hadaddun abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Ana iya shuka su a cikin greenhouses, florariums, lambuna na bromeliad, ko wuraren nuna furanni.
Nidularia yana tsiro da kyau a cikin inuwa. Suna rasa kyawawan launukansu a cikin haske mai haske, ba za su iya tsayawa rana kai tsaye ba. Kuma domin wannan bromeliad ya bayyana cikakkiyar kyawunsa, yana da daraja zabar wurinta a cikin ciki tare da haske mai laushi da matsakaici. A cikin inuwa mai ƙarfi, nidularium yawanci ba zai iya girma ba, yana da kyau a zaɓi matakin nisa daga taga bisa ga yanayin shuka, mai da hankali kan ƙimar girma da fararen ganye.
Gyara haske don hunturu yana da kyawawa don wannan bromeliad. Hasken hasken ya kamata ya kasance ba canzawa (la’akari da kwanakin mafi duhu a cikin hunturu), ana tura bushes zuwa sills taga, idan zai yiwu, rarraba sarari akan windows na kudu.
Yanayin zafi da tsarin iska
Girman Nidularia yana tsayawa gaba daya a cikin hunturu. Kuma a yanzu, suna buƙatar lokacin hutu mai sanyi. Ba lallai ba ne don ƙirƙirar yanayi na al’ada na exotics don wannan shuka: ya isa ya rage yawan zafin jiki na ‘yan digiri, daga 18 zuwa 20 digiri Celsius. Matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka yarda don wannan shuka shine digiri 16, ana karɓar yanayin sanyi kawai na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
A lokacin lokacin ci gaba mai aiki, akwatin gida yana jin daɗi a kowane zafin jiki. Matsakaicin ma’auni shine kusan digiri 20 ma’aunin celcius, matsakaicin kusan digiri 26. A cikin yanayin zafi, akwatunan gida suna buƙatar matsanancin zafi daga iska.
Duk da sauƙi da matsayi na tsire-tsire mai sauƙi don girma, akwatin gidan yana da ban mamaki da ban mamaki saboda yadda yake da hankali ga gurbataccen iska da zane. Tsire-tsire ba kawai wahala ba, amma har ma suna rashin lafiya daga haɗuwa da hayaƙin taba, suna girma a cikin dafa abinci ba tare da samun iska mai kyau ba ko lokacin da suke cikin wuraren da ke da motsi na zane.
Nidularium Innokenty yana samar da abicadas. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Luiz Filipe Varella
Kula da nidularium a gida
Abu mafi wahala a kula da nidularium shine kiyaye matakan zafi na iska. Amma tun da ana iya ba da matakai masu sauƙi tare da, matsaloli bai kamata su tashi a wannan batun ba, har ma ga masu furanni marasa kwarewa.
Ban ruwa da iska zafi
Kamar yawancin bromeliads, akwatunan gida suna amsawa sosai ga danshin ƙasa. Ana shayar da shuka a hankali, yana barin substrate ya bushe tsakanin waɗannan hanyoyin. Zai fi kyau a bi yawan bushewar ƙasa a hankali. Shayar da shukar bin tsarin gargajiya da kuma cika mazurari.
A cikin bazara da bazara, kawai ana amfani da hanya ta biyu. Mazugi na leaf na gida ya cika kashi biyu bisa uku na hanyar sama, yana kiyaye matakin ruwa akai-akai. A cikin hunturu, an canza shuka zuwa shayarwa na gargajiya, substrate yana bushewa da ƙarfi sosai, kuma adadin ruwa yana iyakance. A yanayin zafi ƙasa da digiri 20, ana iya yin feshi maimakon shayarwa.
Don nidularium, zaka iya amfani da ruwa mai laushi kawai tare da irin wannan zafin jiki ko dan kadan.
Nidularia yana buƙatar aƙalla matsakaicin ƙimar zafi na iska. Shuka yana yin rashin ƙarfi ga kusancin na’urorin sanyaya iska ko na’urorin dumama, baya son canje-canje kwatsam a yanayi. Yana yiwuwa, amma ba lallai ba ne, don ƙara zafi don nestling ta hanyar shigar da humidifiers. Yawanci ana ɗaukar waɗannan matakan idan ana amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin ƙungiyoyi ko ƙungiyoyi tare da sauran bromeliad na wurare masu zafi.
Idan an girma cikin gida a cikin keɓance mai ban sha’awa, feshi akai-akai ya wadatar. A karkashin yanayi na al’ada, ana yin spraying ne kawai a cikin bazara da bazara. Idan iska ta bushe sosai a cikin hunturu kuma yanayin zafi ya kai digiri 20 ko sama da haka, fesa zai koma tsarin kulawa na yau da kullun. Don nidularium, ya fi dacewa a fesa har sau 3 a rana.
Ya kamata a tsaftace ganyen shukar a kai a kai da ƙura tare da rigar datti ko soso kuma a shafa a hankali a hankali, a kula da kar a taɓa gefen raƙuman. A cikin wannan shuka, bai kamata ku yi amfani da samfurori don ƙara ƙarin haske ga ganye ba.
Takin da takin abun ciki
Don akwatunan gida, ana amfani da suturar saman kawai a lokacin lokacin haɓaka aiki, daga Maris zuwa Satumba. Daidaitaccen mitar 1 kowane mako 2-3 ya isa sosai ga wannan shuka. Ana amfani da sutura don wannan shuka kawai tare da ruwa don ban ruwa, hanyar da aka fi so ita ce cika soket.
Don nidularium, zaku iya amfani da taki mai rikitarwa na duniya ko shirye-shirye na musamman don bromeliad. Zai fi kyau a rage rabin adadin taki da masana’anta suka ba da shawarar. Shuka yana kula da wuce haddi na nitrogen.
Don akwatunan gida, ana amfani da suturar saman kawai a lokacin lokacin haɓaka aiki. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com V’Deil En
Dasawa da substrate
Ana yin dashen wannan bromeliad lokacin da shuka ba ta da wurin haɓakawa (ƙasar da ke cikin akwati ta cika da ƙarfi). Nidularias ana dasa gabaɗaya tare da mitar 1 kowace shekara 2-3.
Don wannan, tsire-tsire suna zaɓar gaurayawan ƙasa masu inganci waɗanda suke da gina jiki, sako-sako da cinye isasshen danshi. Noman nidularium yana yiwuwa ba kawai a cikin ƙasa ta musamman don bromeliad ba, koda kuwa har yanzu shine zaɓin da aka fi so. Idan ƙasa ta haɗu da kanta, an shirya ta akan ƙasa ciyawa, ƙasa mai ganye, humus da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1: 0,5. Ko da a cikin kayan da aka saya don wannan shuka, ana ƙara gawayi.
Don akwatunan gida, kuna buƙatar zaɓar kwantena na matsakaicin girman. Da yawa substrate tare da ƙaramin tsarin tushen shuka kusan koyaushe yana kaiwa ba kawai ga matsalolin haɓaka ba, har ma da yaduwar rot. Fadi, tukwane marar zurfi an fi son.
Lokacin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar kulawa da shuka a hankali kuma tabbatar da cewa tushen tushen ba ya nutse a cikin ƙasa. Ana sanya Layer magudanar ruwa mai yawa a ƙasan tankuna (mafi kyawun tsayi shine 1/3 na tsayin tanki).
Cututtuka, kwari da matsalolin girma.
Babban haɗari ga nidularium yana wakilta ta hanyar yawan ruwa da zafi. Itacen ya mutu da sauri daga rot. Idan muna magana ne game da ɗan cin zarafi a cikin kulawa, za ku iya samun ta tare da cikakken bushewa na substrate. Idan halin da ake ciki yana da mahimmanci, kasar gona tana da fadi, yana jin wari mara kyau, akwai alamun ci gaban mold, dasawa na gaggawa ya zama dole tare da maganin lalacewa da rigakafin rigakafi tare da maganin fungicides.
Daga cikin kwari na gida, akwai mealybugs, gizo-gizo mites da aphids. Ƙwararrun kwari za a iya sarrafa su ta hanyar maganin kwari tare da kawar da kwari daga shuka.
Matsalolin gama gari a cikin girma nestling:
- bushewar ganye a ƙananan zafi na iska;
- bayyanar fararen fata a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye;
- bushewar tukwici na ganye lokacin da ake shayar da ruwa mai ƙarfi da bushewar ruwan a bakin ruwa;
- rashin fure a cikin danshi;
- mirgine ganye a cikin bushewar iska;
- jinkirin ganyen da suka rasa turgor yayin ambaliya;
- farin ganye da ƙasa mai cike da ruwa.
Nidularium yana haifuwa cikin sauƙi ta hanyar rarraba tsofaffin tsire-tsire. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com V’Deil En
Haihuwar nidularium
Kamar duk bromeliad, nidularium yana yaduwa cikin sauƙi ta hanyar kawai raba tsoffin shuke-shuken da suka kafa mazauna, raba ɗayan ‘yar rosettes. Rosette na uwa ya mutu bayan fure, amma zuriyar da aka kafa suna haɓaka da sauri.
Kuna iya raba kantuna tare da aƙalla ganye 3-4 da tsarin tushen ku. Bayan dasa shuki, bisa ga ka’idodi na gaba ɗaya, ‘yar rosettes na nidularium ana kiyaye su cikin zafi, a zazzabi na kusan digiri 27, a ƙarƙashin kaho ko gilashi, a hankali suna saba da yanayin kulawa na yau da kullun bayan fara girma.
Ana iya shuka wannan bromeliad daga iri idan ana so, amma ba a samun su a kasuwa. Nidularium tsaba an saka su a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate. Ana yin shuka a cikin wani yanki na yashi mai yashi ko gansakuka, a ƙarƙashin gilashi ko fim. A zafin jiki na kimanin digiri 23, tare da yawan fesa ko iska, ana shuka seedlings na tsawon watanni 2-3 kuma a nutsar da su cikin manyan kwantena masu lebur.
Ana canza su zuwa kwantena ɗaya kawai lokacin da suka sami ƙarfi, a matsakaita bayan watanni 6-8. Ya kamata a sa ran furen Nidularia kawai daga shekara ta huɗu.
