Akwai ra’ayoyi daban-daban game da samuwar kambi mai zaki da barkono. Wasu na ganin cewa babu wata fa’ida wajen yin taka tsantsan. Wannan gaskiya ne idan ya zo ga nau’ikan da ƙananan kambi mai girma. A wasu lokuta, samuwar barkono a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate shine mabuɗin haɓaka yawan aiki.
Pepper samuwar a cikin polycarbonate greenhouse
Me yasa muke buƙatar hanyar tsunkule?
Samar da daji a cikin greenhouse shine muhimmin mahimmanci a cikin:
- ‘ya’yan itace,
- adadin maturation.
A tsakiyar Rasha da yankunan arewacinta, ana iya yin noma a cikin yanayin greenhouse. A cikin su, ƙwanƙwasa sababbin ovaries yana ba ku damar adana abubuwan da ke ciki. Kulawa da kyau na barkono da kuma samar da daji a cikin greenhouse yana ba ku damar tura ƙarfin shuka don ƙara yawan ‘ya’yan itace ko, akasin haka, zuwa lambar su. tare da raguwa a girman.
Samuwar nau’ikan nau’ikan iri daban-daban
Shuka tsayi. Cultivars a cikin yanayin greenhouse ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da gwanintar pruning na kambi ba kuma ba tare da ƙulla rassan zuwa trellises ba. Matsakaici iri za su gamsu da pruning ƙananan matakan matakai da rassan ba tare da ovaries ba. Sa’an nan kuma za ku iya taimakawa shuka don jagorantar dakarun zuwa ga samuwar ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Barkono ba zai ɓata ruwan ‘ya’yan itace a kan rassan da ba su da kyau kuma zai inganta samun iska na kambi, wanda shine rigakafin cututtukan fungal.
Bukatar pinching an ƙaddara ta tsayin bushes. Ana aiwatar da tsarin yankan barkono ne kawai a cikin wasu nau’ikan, ba tare da la’akari da wurin girma ba.
- Iri da suka fara girma suna girma a cikin kwanaki 100 bayan girbi.
- Matsakaicin maturation: tsawon kwanaki 135.
- Late ripening: don kwanaki 145-160.
Dwarf ko ƙananan nau’in girma ba sa buƙatar noman kambi. A kan ƙananan bushes, harbe marasa ƙarfi suna da rauni sosai kuma ba sa taka rawa wajen ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da abubuwan gina jiki. Wajibi ne kawai don samar da kambi lokacin da aka dasa shuki da ƙarfi sosai. Saukowa mai yawa yana nuna ƙarancin ganye kuma yana rage haɓakar tsirrai.
Kan aiwatar da kafa barkono bushes
Kulawar da ta dace da barkono da samuwar shrub daga wani abu kamar polycarbonate sune mahimman abubuwan samun girbi mai yawa. Samuwar tushe ya dogara ba kawai akan nau’in barkono ba, har ma a kan microclimate a cikin greenhouse.
Kayan amfanin gona da ke tsiro a cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri ko a cikin ɗaki mara zafi zai iya kaiwa tsayin 60 cm, a cikin ɗaki mai zafi tsayin bushes ya fi girma kuma ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun fi girma.
Domin samar da daji da kyau kuma baya haifar da kamuwa da cuta, ana lalata kayan aikin bayan kowace misali. Ba koyaushe ake lura da cututtuka nan da nan ba. Ana yin yankan barkono ne kawai idan tsire-tsire suna da lafiya.
Samuwar barkono ya haɗa da jerin matakan. Duk yana farawa da tsarin tsari na bushes. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka fitar da harbe, an cire kambin ovary ko wasu ovaries na gefe da yawa. A cikin aiwatar da girma, ana cire ƙarin harbe da ganye. Lokacin da aka kafa kambi kuma adadin da ake buƙata na ovaries ya kasance, toshe rassan kwarangwal don samar da ‘ya’yan itace da abinci mai mahimmanci.
Tsarin tsari na seedlings
Ana nuna tsarin dasa shuki a cikin bayanin da aka ba da shawarar don tsaba. Tsarin ya dogara da tsayi mafi tsayi da daji zai iya kaiwa. Tare da tsari na shuka barkono an ƙaddara su a gaba.Saboda haka, ƙananan nau’in ba dole ba ne a yanke shi idan an aiwatar da dasa shuki bisa ga dukkan ka’idoji.
Tsarin shuka, dangane da iri-iri:
- Ana sanya ƙananan tsire-tsire a nesa na 20-30 cm daga juna, a kowace murabba’in 1. m akwai kusan bushes 7,
- matsakaici da tsayi samfurori ana sanya su 35-40 cm baya, kowane murabba’in 1. m zai sami kusan 5 bushes.
Seedlings bukatar haske rana
Ga kowane nau’in barkono, bar nisa na 60 cm tsakanin layuka don samun damar yin amfani da tsire-tsire kyauta a kowane lokaci. Akwai wani tsarin saukowa da ake kira square nsting. Yana da duniya kuma ya dace da kowane nau’i. Tare da wannan tsari, an haƙa rami na 60 × 60 cm a cikin ƙasa. Ana sanya tsire-tsire 2 nan da nan a kai.
Ana shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa mai takin. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin tukunya na kowa a cikin Maris. Ƙasar germination dole ne ta kasance takin da kwayoyin halitta. Lokacin da harbe suna da cikakkun ganye 3, ana iya tsoma su a cikin kwantena daban-daban na peat.
Seedlings sun fi fallasa su zuwa kusan awanni 12 a rana. A ƙarshen lokacin seedling, harbe suna nutsewa a cikin greenhouse, suna lura da zane.
Kawar da sprouts da pinching
Ovary na kambi shine toho da aka kafa a farkon cokali mai yatsa a kan babban akwati, barkono kawai yana da babban akwati, yana rassan lokacin da ya kai tsayin 20 cm, dangane da iri-iri. Lokacin da reshe ya fara, an yanke toho nan da nan. Wannan motsi yana ba ku damar inganta abinci mai gina jiki na kodan da ke sama da cokali mai yatsa. Ana yin pruning na farko lokacin da tushe ya kai 15 cm tsayi.
Don samar da daji, fara da wuri-wuri, a cikin aiwatar da ci gaban kara. Harbin gefe suna bayyana akan sa. Ba wai kawai an cire karin buds ba, har ma da wasu furanni. Yaran ‘ya’yan itace duk harbe ne da ke fitowa a cikin axils na ganye. Dole ne a cire su.
A kan tushe na farko, harbe 2-3 sun kasance. Bar mafi karfi, ‘yantar da shi daga cokali mai yatsa, bayan cire kwakwa. Waɗannan za su zama harbe na oda na farko, waɗanda kuma ake kira skeletal. Kowane reshe na kwarangwal yana da nasa harbe, wanda kuma tsunkule. Ana aiwatar da duk hanyoyin bisa ga ka’ida ɗaya: bar harbe mai ƙarfi da lokacin farin ciki, cire masu rauni.
Don manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa, bar 15 zuwa 25 ovaries a kan bushes, dangane da iri-iri. Lokacin da aka cire harbe, ganye 1 ya kasance a kan tushe: shine abin da ke ba da abinci mai gina jiki ga ovary.
Leaf da harbe pruning
Babban tushe yana fitar da ganye da harbe a ƙasan maƙallan tsunkule. Ana cire su nan da nan. Cire ganyen, yana shading haske daga ovaries da cinye ruwan ‘ya’yan itace masu yawa. Ana duba shrub akai-akai don lalacewa da ganye mara kyau. Ana kuma cire su.
Lokacin da rukunin farko na ‘ya’yan itace ya kai ga balaga na fasaha, ana cire ganye a ƙarƙashin bushes. Ba a cire fiye da 2 a lokaci guda, kamar yadda tare da duk ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa, ba a wuce kwanaki 45 kafin cikakken girbi, kulawa yana tsayawa. An haramta shi sosai don cire duk ganye a lokaci ɗaya, in ba haka ba daji zai mutu.
Samuwar sashin kwarangwal
Idan duk abin da aka yi daidai, kuma adadin ‘ya’yan itatuwa da ake so ya kasance a daji, to, ku kula da abinci mai gina jiki, don farawa, samuwar kodan ya tsaya. Wannan motsi yana ba ku damar rarraba ƙarfin shuka a hankali.
Ana yin pruning na ƙarshe kwanaki 45 kafin cikakken girbi. Yanke duk sassan sama na rassan kwarangwal. A wannan lokacin, samuwar aiki da ripening na ‘ya’yan itace yana faruwa. Tsuntsaye wuraren girma na rassan kwarangwal yana ba mu damar jagorantar ruwan ‘ya’yan itace don samar da abinci mai gina jiki ga ‘ya’yan itatuwa da ke yanzu.
Shawarwari don horo
Idan ovaries da yawa na jijiyoyin jini sun bayyana akan babban tushe, ana cire su duka, idan ba a yi haka ba, daji zai yi girma sosai.
Lokacin da aka girma a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate mai zafi, tsire-tsire suna girma tsayi, dole ne ku yi aiki tukuru, kuma a yanke duk ganyen da babban tushe ya zubar.
Idan daji ya buge da fari, na kwayan cuta ko launin toka, an hana pinching: zai cutar da shuka kawai.
Lokacin da zafi ya yi yawa a cikin greenhouse, yana da mahimmanci don cire ƙananan ganye har ma da ƙananan nau’in barkono.
An ba da shawarar daji don samar da mai tushe 2. Wannan yana ba ku damar samun mafi kyawun adadin rassan kwarangwal, ‘ya’yan itatuwan da za a iya kafa su da kyau.
Tabbatar da ƙulla dogayen samfurori.
ƙarshe
Rarraba amfanin gonar barkono akan lokaci da kulawar da ta dace na taimakawa wajen samun albarka mai kyau, ko da kuwa inda suka girma. Manufar hanya ita ce bakin ciki fi, ƙara lafiyar tsire-tsire, ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, kare kariya daga cututtukan fungal. Shirya kayan aiki a gaba, niƙa shi, lalata shi. Shrubs yayi nazari don kasancewar cutar. Bayan kowane daji, ƙarin lalata kayan aikin ya zama tilas.
