Miltonia orchid wani tsiro ne na shekara-shekara wanda ke tsiro a cikin yanayin daji da na gida, asalinsa daga Kudancin Amurka (Brazil, Argentina). Sunan furen ne bayan Viscount Milton (mai noman Ingilishi kuma mai tara orchid). Akwai game da ashirin jinsunan wannan iri-iri. Don shuka shuka mai kyau da lafiya, ana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
Orchid Miltonia
Orchid bayanin
Miltonia sunan gama gari ne ga yawancin hybrids, gami da Miltoniopsis (wani matasan Ecuador). Tsire-tsire sune epiphytes. Wannan yana nufin cewa suna iya samun tushe a cikin wasu bishiyoyi ko furanni. Ana samun danshi daga iska.
Furen yana da nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan halitta (a cikin yanayin halitta) da kuma wucin gadi. Ana iya samun iyaye da yawa. Misali, asu Miltoniopsis nan da nan yana kama da furanni biyu: pansies da Phalaenopsis.
Ba shi da wahala a girma Milloniopsis, yanayi iri ɗaya ne da kowane iri-iri.
Miltonia yana da pseudobulbs kusa da tushen tsarin a cikin siffar m (tsawon santimita bakwai zuwa takwas, faɗin santimita huɗu zuwa biyar).
Bayyanar:
- ganye mai nuna kore (35-40 cm);
- furanni na iya zama launuka daban-daban (10-12 cm),
- yana da kamshi mai daɗi a lokacin furanni.
Iri-iri
Mi toniya nevoso
A kwaikwayi, lallausan pseudobulbs ƙanana ne (kimanin 6 cm). Ganyayyaki: siffar elongated mai kaifi (kimanin 30 cm).
Tsawonsa ya kai rabin mita, pseudobulb yana da peduncles guda biyu, kowannensu yana fure har zuwa manyan furanni biyar.
Launi – rawaya, tare da launin ruwan kasa. An ba da sunan saboda iyakar farin dusar ƙanƙara a kan lebe.
Renelli
Ganyen suna da tsayi da nuni. A kan peduncle ɗaya, an kafa mafi girman furanni 7, waɗanda ke da ƙanshi mai daɗi. Furen fari ce, mai iyaka da ruwan hoda.
Ayyukan:
- adadin furanni daga 3 zuwa 7,
- leben yana da inuwa daban-daban (daga shunayya zuwa ruwan hoda mai laushi),
Miltonia mai haske
‘Yan asali zuwa Venezuela, kwararan fitila suna da santsi da lebur a siffa har zuwa 9 cm. Launin ganyen kore ne mai haske. Peduncle (20-26 cm) yana da furanni 1-2.
Launi fari ne, kirim, tare da lebe mai shuɗi. Yana blooms na kimanin wata guda, daga Agusta zuwa Oktoba.
Miltonia mai siffar fata
Wannan nau’in Latin yana kama da Miltonia cuneata. Bulbs – m, kunkuntar. Kusan furanni 6 suna girma a kan peduncle, diamita 7 cm.
Furanni suna rawaya, furannin suna rawaya a gefuna, warin yana da daɗi, mai laushi, ɗanɗano kaɗan. Iyakar fari ce da ɗigon shuɗi. Flowering yana faruwa a watan Fabrairu da Maris.
Miltonia yana da launin rawaya
A cikin yanayi, ana samun wannan nau’in nau’in a Paraguay, Argentina, da Brazil. A cikin Latin, ana kiran shuka Miltonia flavescens. Pseudobulbs: rawaya, m siffar, ganye suna da tsayi (kimanin 30 cm), kore ko rawaya-kore a launi.
Ƙwararren ya kai 1 m, kuma yana ba da ‘ya’yan itatuwa 15 furanni (diamita har zuwa 8 cm), launin rawaya. Leben fari ne, tare da ratsan shunayya a ƙarshensa.
Yellowish miltonia
Miltonia Klous
Tushen suna da santsi, kunkuntar kuma mai laushi (har zuwa 10 cm tsayi). Yana fure a duk shekara, sai dai a watan Disamba, Fabrairu da Maris.
Daga peduncle (60 cm), furanni 7-10 suna girma, kowanne yana buɗewa. Diamita na inflorescences shine 5-10 cm, suna kusa da juna. Launi shine amber, tare da launin ruwan kasa, siffar yana da kaifi. Leben fari ne, tare da lafazin shunayya a gefen gefuna.
Milton Varszewicz ne adam wata
Masu fure-fure suna godiya da wannan nau’in don manyan inflorescences, ana ba da sunan don girmama Joseph Warszewicz (mai lambu na Lambun Botanical na Krakow). ) Launi na furanni shine launin ruwan kasa da burgundy, petals masu wavy, suna da abubuwan da ake saka kirim. Border: Pink tare da farin iyaka da wuri mai haske a tsakiya.
Yana fure har tsawon shekara guda da rabi idan, bisa ga ka’idoji, an cire furannin wilted. Farkon furen ya faɗi a farkon bazara kuma a ƙarshen – a cikin fall na shekara ta gaba.
Miltonia Faɗuwar rana
Miltonia Sunset wani nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i biyu ne. Furen suna da girma, ƙamshi yana bayyana sosai na ‘ya’yan itatuwa da berries.
Furanni suna da haske rawaya, suna ambaliya, kula da shuka iri ɗaya ne da sauran nau’in Miltonia.
Al’adu
Kula da Miltonia a gida ya kamata a yi tare da kulawa. Kafin dasa shuki, ƙayyade inda shuka zai kasance. Ya kamata ya haskaka sosai, amma ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. An shawarci masu fure-fure don zaɓar sassan yammaci da gabas na ɗakin. Don gefen kudu, yi amfani da makafi ko labule.
Wannan ra’ayi yana da daɗi a cikin matsakaicin zafi da yanayin zafi. Kamar kowane iri-iri na orchids, Miltonia baya jure wa zane ko canje-canje a yanayin zafi.
Watse
Orchid Miltonia ya fito ne daga wurare masu zafi, don haka yana buƙatar ruwa mai yawa kuma na yau da kullun, musamman a cikin yanayi mai dumi. yanayi na shekara Miltonia yana ruwa har sau 5 a mako. An shawarci masu furanni su kula da kwanon rufi – kada ruwa ya tsaya a ciki.
Ba za a iya cika furen ba don kada tushen tsarin da pseudobulbs su lalace. A cikin hunturu, ruwa sau 3-4 a mako. A wannan lokacin, yana da daraja a kula da shuka sosai, kada ku sha ruwa kwata-kwata yayin lokacin bacci.
Kula da tsawon lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe bayan shayarwa. Idan ya wuce sa’o’i 36, substrate yana da yawa, amma dole ne a shayar da shi. Wannan yana nuna ƙarancin zafin iska.
Haushi
Danshi alama ce mai mahimmanci a cikin ci gaba. Ya kamata ya zama sama da 60-70%. Idan ganyen Miltonia orchid sun lanƙwasa, wannan yana nuna rashin danshi.
Ƙara yawan danshi ta amfani da akwati na ruwa, wanda aka sanya kusa da furen. Wata hanya ita ce fesa ruwa a kusa da furen, yana da mahimmanci cewa saukad da ba su fada a kan shuka ba.
Yanayin iska
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na iska yayin rana 20-22 ° C, da dare 15 ° C.
A lokacin lokacin rani a lokacin zafi, masu lambu suna ba da shawara don ƙara yawan zafi na iska. Wannan zai taimaka wa orchids su ji daɗi, har ma a yanayin zafi mafi girma. Kuna iya kwantar da kankara ta wurin ajiye cubes kusa da tire na kasa.
Haskewa
Orchid Miltonia ya fito ne daga wurare masu dumi, amma har yanzu ya fi son kasancewa cikin inuwa. Babban alamar shukar ba ta da haske shine ganye masu duhu kuma yawancin rana na iya haifar da konewa.
Yawancin lokaci
Kwantena filastik masu haske tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa sun dace da girma. Taimaka baya riƙe danshi. Masu sana’ar furanni suna sanya duwatsu ko guntun bawon a kasan tukunyar. Bayan haka, an rufe ƙasa Miltonia.
Wani fasalin kuma shine shimfidar bene na musamman da ake siyarwa a cikin shagon. Zai yiwu a dafa shi da kanka, abun ciki ya kamata ya ƙunshi haushi, tushen fern, peat da polystyrene.
Ƙasa don Miltonia orchid
Da takin mai magani
Ana amfani da takin zamani akai-akai domin orchid ya kasance lafiya kuma yana fure.
Abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa:
- nitrogen: lokacin da aka samu karanci, ganyen suna jinkirin, marmara, bushe da sauri. Bayyanar shuka zai nuna yanayinsa, ƙarancin ko wuce haddi na ɗaya ko wani abu. , tare da wuce haddi – girma da sauri, amma ba ya girma,
- jan karfe – tare da rashin ganye na nau’i daban-daban, babu fure, wuce haddi: ganye suna da launin ja, furen ba ya girma,
- phosphorus: idan yana karami, shuka ya bushe kuma yana da rauni, baya yin fure, tare da wuce haddi – ganye a tukwici sun yi duhu,
- potassium yana inganta ingantaccen metabolism da photosynthesis, idan bai isa ba a cikin jikin shuka – ganye suna duhu tare da launin rawaya, idan akwai mai yawa, an toshe nitrogen,
- alli – idan wannan abu bai isa ba, kyallen takarda suna jinkirin da rauni, idan akwai wuce haddi, sabbin harbe sun lalace,
- magnesium, tare da rashi, aibobi masu launin rawaya suna bayyana akan foliage, duhu, tare da wuce haddi, rashi potassium yana faruwa,
- baƙin ƙarfe: idan gefuna na ganye ya mutu, yana girma sannu a hankali, aibobi sun bayyana, wannan yana nuna ƙarancin, tare da wuce haddi, ci gaban ya zama maras kyau kuma babu fure,
- zinc – yana taimakawa wajen hada chlorophyll da enzymes, a aikace, akwai ƙananan lokuta lokacin da bai isa ba, idan akwai mai yawa zinc, ganye suna juya marbled, nakasa, amma furanni ba su bayyana ba.
Mai jan tsami
Alamar farko da ke nuna lokaci ya yi da za a datse Miltonia shine wilting na furanni. Yana da kyau a cire buds gaba daya (bar kamar wata millimeters) wanda furanni suke.
Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙwanƙwasa na yau da kullun ba, kuna buƙatar siyan pruner na musamman ko wuka mai kaifi. h3>
Dasawa na miltonia a gida yana faruwa a cikin bazara, lokacin da sabbin harbe suka bayyana. Don fure, wannan hanya yana da wuyar jurewa, don haka na yau da kullun shine kowace shekara 2.
Ana dasa fure idan an cika ta a tukunya. Lokacin dasawa: bayan fure.
Ana cire shukar kuma a sanya shi a cikin akwati da ruwan dumi, ana wanke tsarin tushen kuma a duba cewa ba shi da lalacewa ko lafiya. An shafe su. Yayyafa wurin da aka yanke tare da sulfur ko gawayi.
Bayan haka, tushen ya bushe, idan yanayin iska a cikin ɗakin yana da girma – 2-3 hours. Masu shuka suna bushe tushen tsarin dare ɗaya, sannan duk yanke zai warke.
Don dasawa, zaɓi tukunya da ɗan girma fiye da na baya. Dole ne a shafe kwandon.
Kada a dasa shuka nan da nan bayan siyan, furen dole ne ya daidaita (kwanaki 7-10).
Sake bugun
Haifuwa Miltonia yawanci yana faruwa ne yayin dashen bazara. Haihuwa yana faruwa ta hanyar rarraba daji. Don wannan, ana amfani da mai tushe 3-5, shuka dole ne ya kasance lafiya.
Ana sanya seedling a cikin tukunya tare da shirye-shiryen da aka shirya. Tushen tsarin ana shuka shi ne mara zurfi don kada tushen su rube.
Miltonia kusan babu yara, da wuya su bayyana, don haka wannan hanyar haifuwa ita ce mafi inganci.
Wintering
Da zarar furen ya yi fure, wannan yakan faru A cikin hunturu, Miltonia yana barci. Yanke duk busassun harbe a ƙarƙashin tushen, babban abu ba shine lalata pseudobulb ba.
Lokacin hutawa yana da watanni 2. A wannan lokacin, sanya tukunya tare da shuka a wuri mai sanyi (15-18 ° C), shayarwa akai-akai. Wannan lokacin yana ƙare lokacin da harbe suka fara girma.
Kurakurai na kulawa
Kulawar Miltonia a gida ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba, yawancin masu noman farko suna yin kurakurai daban-daban. Irin waɗannan kurakuran na iya haifar da rashin fure har ma da mutuwar shuka.
Matsalolin kulawa na yau da kullun:
- Furen da ba a buɗe ba sun ɓace, dalilin shine bushewar iska, zazzabi mai zafi da zayyana,
- gajeren lokacin flowering – haskoki kai tsaye suna fadowa a kan tsire-tsire, rashin ma’adanai, yawan zafin jiki na iska, gajeren lokacin hunturu,
- ganye sun juya rawaya – tushen rot, ko wuce haddi / rashin abubuwa,
- tukwici na foliage sun bushe: bushewar iska da salinization na ƙasa,
- tabbas, fararen tabo akan ganyen suna nuna ƙonewar gah daga hasken rana kai tsaye,
- kananan baƙar fata spots – ruwa stagnation,
- foliage yana da duhu – akwai ƙaramin haske, idan haske ne – wuce haddi,
Cututtuka da kwari
Idan kuna kulawa da kulawa da orchid, to, cututtuka suna da wuya.
Akwai cututtukan da ba za a iya bi da su ba: ganyen ganye (aibobi masu tsayi, ganye sun juya launin rawaya da duhu), ganyen tagulla (ganye suna juyawa daban-daban, duhu a launi da tabo), ƙwayoyin cuta rot, Brown. A wasu lokuta, sake farfado da orchid yana yiwuwa.
Miltonia yana fama da cututtuka iri ɗaya kamar sauran nau’in orchids. bushewar iska shine babban dalilin bayyanarsa.
ƙarshe
Orchid Miltonia – kyawawan nau’ikan orchids, wanda ke da nau’ikan nau’ikan sama da 20, gami da hybrids. Kula da fure yana da wahala, amma bin wasu yanayi, shuka zai yi ado gidan kowane mai shuka.
Idan alamun farko na cutar sun bayyana, yana da mahimmanci don yin ganewar asali a cikin lokaci don kada a kashe shuka. Dalilan na iya bambanta: daga yanayin da bai dace ba zuwa ƙarancin abubuwa. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, orchid yana fure duk shekara.
