Gudanar da tafarnuwa a cikin bazara shine hanya mai mahimmanci, saboda bayan hunturu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar kulawa da hankali da suturar sama. Taron zai taimaka wajen kawar da cututtuka da kwari, kuma ya ba da damar shuka don karɓar abubuwan gina jiki da ake bukata bayan sanyi na hunturu.
Tsarin sarrafa tafarnuwa a cikin bazara
Nau’in tafarnuwa
Dangane da kakar, lokacin da aka dasa cloves, ana rarrabe nau’ikan tafarnuwa:
- hunturu, wanda aka dasa a cikin ƙasa a cikin kaka – yana fara haɓakawa sosai tare da farkon narkewar bazara,
- spring – an dasa shi a cikin bazara lokacin lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya riga ya zama dumi.
Ko da kuwa lokacin da aka shuka tafarnuwa, kana buƙatar shirya ta yadda ya kamata don dasa shuki sannan kuma don ci gaba.
Zaɓin tsaba
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar kayan shuka daidai kuma ku bi da shi tare da maganin rigakafi don guje wa cututtuka da haɓaka amfanin gona mai inganci.
Lokacin zabar iri yi amfani da ƙa’idodi iri ɗaya:
- zabi gaba daya hakora,
- duba cewa kayan dasa ba su rube ba kuma lalacewa,
- a sha nau’ikan da ke jure cututtuka,
- a shirya gaba dayan kawunan da za a dasa, sannan a raba su cikin ganda kafin shuka a cikin ƙasa.
Kafin dasa shuki, bari cloves su jiƙa a cikin bayani na potassium permanganate. Daban-daban fungicides kuma sun dace da wannan dalili.
Ciyar da tafarnuwa spring
An dasa tafarnuwa na bazara a cikin fall kuma a cikin bazara yana ba da harbe na farko. Don girbi mai kyau, lokacin dasa shuki ana haɗe shi da taki. A cikin bazara, suna fara ciyar da shuka don girma mai kyau. Maganin carbamide ko urea shine kyakkyawan suturar saman.
Tufafin saman na biyu yana faruwa a cikin kamar kwanaki 15. Maganin nitroammophoski ya dace: ɗauki 2 tbsp. shiri da tsarma a cikin 9 l na ruwa. Tufafin saman na ƙarshe ya riga ya zama dole lokacin da aka kafa kawunan kayan lambu – maganin superphosphate ya dace.
Ciyar da tafarnuwa hunturu
Taki kafin dasa
Lokacin dasa tafarnuwa, tuna cewa don ingantaccen ci gaban shuka, ana buƙatar ƙasa tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. A cikin bazara, shukar hunturu yana buƙatar abubuwan gina jiki fiye da kowane lokaci, don haka ya kamata a yi amfani da takin phosphorus da potassium a ƙasa. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin za su ƙara haɓaka seedlings sosai, babban abu shine takin a farkon bazara.
Shuka yana karɓar danshi, musamman bayan sanyi: wannan yana nuna cewa shayarwa dole ne ya zama na yau da kullun kuma bai cancanci jiran ƙasa ta bushe ba. Musamman wajibi ne don sarrafa isasshen zafi a lokacin lokacin samar da kwan fitila.
Domin tafarnuwa ta hunturu ta sami wadataccen abinci a duk lokacin hunturu, dole ne a kula da takin ƙasa nan da nan kafin shuka. Ana aiwatar da hanyar makonni biyu kafin shuka, ana ƙara humus gauraye da potassium phosphate. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da tokar itace.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da takin mai magani mai dauke da nitrogen. Tun da yawan abin da ke cikin wannan bangaren a cikin ƙasa na iya haifar da haɓaka mai aiki na ɓangaren kore na shuka, ana kuma ba da shawarar kada a yi amfani da taki azaman sutura saboda gaskiyar cewa lokacin lokacin hunturu ba zai sami lokacin yin girma ba. amma wanda kawai zai ba da mafaka ga kwari masu cutarwa.
Maganin foliar
Tufafin tafarnuwa na hunturu na waje shine don shayar da waje na shuka da taki ta cikin ganye da mai tushe. Wannan hanya tana ba da damar shuka don ɗaukar dukkan abubuwa masu amfani da sauri. Hanyar yana da tasiri sosai idan yazo da sauri taki tarin gaba. Musamman idan tushen tafarnuwa ya juya rawaya.
Ƙaddamar da hankali a lokacin ban ruwa yana da wani abu mai rauni fiye da babban taki. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa fesa ba ya maye gurbin suturar tushen. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin ana aiwatar da su a cikin bazara sau da yawa a lokacin lokacin aikin shuka mai aiki. Maganin bazara shine mafi mahimmanci a cikin girman girma na shuka, tare da shi zaka iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa sau da yawa. . Yellowing yana nufin cewa tsire-tsire ba su da kwayoyin halitta kamar potassium da nitrogen. Don ƙara yawan ma’adinai a cikin ƙasa, wajibi ne a bi da ƙasa a kusa da rami tare da takin mai magani.
- Don dandana ƙasa, muna buƙatar urea granular, wanda za mu gabatar a cikin ƙasa. Yanzu kuna buƙatar shayar da rijiyoyin da yawa kuma ku yayyafa komai da takin don adana danshi a cikin ƙasa tsawon lokaci.
- Wata hanya don taimakawa shuka idan ta juya rawaya ita ce a bi da ƙasa tare da mahadi na ruwa. Don wannan muna buƙatar: 1 tbsp. cokali na urea lita 10 na ruwa. Shayar da tsire-tsire tare da irin wannan bayani, la’akari da cewa yawan ruwan ruwa shine lita 10 a kowace murabba’i. Wannan hanyar ciyarwa tana da tasiri sosai saboda taki ruwa yana ɗaukar sauri kuma yana shiga tsarin tushen.
- Ta yaya kuma za ku iya sarrafa kayan lambu don ingantaccen girma? Kuna iya amfani da hanyar fesa daga bindigar feshi. Kuna buƙatar yin bayani: potassium sulfate 1 tablespoon na 1 lita na ruwa. Kuna buƙatar shayar da ganye da dare. Don yin wannan, zaɓi yanayi mai dumi kuma zai fi dacewa a kwantar da hankali, saboda kuna buƙatar shuka ya cika da ma’adanai gaba ɗaya.
- Wata hanyar ita ce takin itace da toka, wanda aka yayyafa shi a ƙarƙashin tsire-tsire. Tare da kowane shayarwa, ma’adanai suna faɗo da yawa a cikin ƙasa tare da ruwa.
Maganin kuda albasa
Idan kun lura da rawaya akan ganyen tsire-tsire da mai tushe: wannan bazai nufin cewa yana buƙatar ciyarwa ba. Kamar yadda ya kamata ku duba ganye don kasancewar larvae da ƙananan kwari, saboda kwari ne na albasa wanda zai iya lalata kayan lambu. Larvae ƙwari suna taruwa a gindin ganyen suna kama da ƙananan tsutsotsi.
A cikin yaki da kwari, taimakawa wajen fesa tare da bayani na gishiri, wanda yake da sauƙin shiryawa.Muna buƙatar tsarma 300 g na gishiri mai cin abinci a cikin guga na ruwa sa’an nan kuma amfani da maganin zuwa kayan lambu: fesa ta amfani da kwalban fesa. ko wata hanyar da kuka sani. Yin fesa ruwan gishiri ba shi da lahani ga shuka kuma ba mai guba bane ga ɗan adam, don haka jin daɗin amfani da wannan hanyar a yaƙi da kwari da ‘ya’yansu.
Yin aiki tare da albasa nematodes
Dalilin dushewar ganyen rawaya da mai tushe na kayan lambu sau da yawa shine cutar karan albasa nematodes. Cutar na iya ci gaba a cikin ƙasa shekaru da yawa kuma ba ta bayyana kwata-kwata. Tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cuta sun fara bushewa, juya rawaya, bushewa. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sun fara fitowa – idan kun ɗauki kayan lambu masu kamuwa da cuta, za a sami launi mai launin ruwan hoda-fari a kan kashin baya, wanda ƙananan kwari ke tsokane shi.
Don guje wa cutar a shekara mai zuwa Ana ba da shawarar cewa a dasa shuki na gaba a wani wuri. A wannan lokacin, babu wani kayan aiki wanda zai iya taimakawa sosai a cikin yaki da cutar nematode. Ma’aunin rigakafin cuta shine kashe hakora don shuka. Don yin wannan, an jiƙa su a cikin wani bayani mai gishiri na tsawon sa’o’i da yawa kafin dasa shuki. Wannan hanya za ta rage yawan adadin kwari a cikin iri.
Cutar ta kara tasowa a cikin yanayin acidic, don haka kuna buƙatar bi da ƙasa tare da lemun tsami ko dolomite a kowace bazara.Hanyar da za ta biyo baya kuma za ta taimaka wajen yaki da nematode: shuka calendula ko marigolds a wurin kamuwa da cuta, wanda zai haifar da kamuwa da cuta. kawar da nematode tare da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace mai guba.
