Itacen zuma na willow shine farkon bazara, bisa ga rabe-raben halittu, na dangin sunan daya ne.
Saboda bambancin wannan nau’in, akwai wasu sanannun sunaye masu yawa. Verba (willow) ana kiransa willow, willow, willow, da kuma willow ko creeper. Wannan suna na ƙarshe yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da hasken rassan bishiyoyi a cikin haikalin a ranar Palm Lahadi.
Willow tsire-tsire ne mai ɗanɗano mai daɗi wanda ke ba da kyakkyawan amfanin nectar da pollen.
Abun cikin labarin
- 1 Rarraba
- 2 Mahimmanci a harkar noma
- 3 bayanin
- 4 Agrotechnical
- 4.1 Fasahar saukarwa
- 4.2 kula
- 5 Yawan aikin zuma
- 6 Kaddarorin masu amfani
Rarraba
Itacen zuma sananne ne ga masu kiwon zuma da ke zaune a yankin Ukraine da Rasha. Kuna iya saduwa da shi a wurare daban-daban. Yawancin nau’ikan wannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna son danshi: sun fi son girma kusa da jikin ruwa, suna mamaye bakin tekun kyauta.
Wasu nau’ikan suna girma a kan tudu masu tudu, dutsen yashi, dazuzzuka masu yawa, da fadama.
Mahimmanci a harkar noma
Ana amfani da nau’ikan willow da yawa azaman tsire-tsire na ado. Godiya ga ‘yan kunne masu laushi, waɗanda ke fure a farkon bazara, suna da ban sha’awa sosai a ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ya zama al’ada a tsakanin mutane su karya rassansu da kuma yi wa gidajensu ado a lokacin bukukuwan Ista.
Har ila yau, waɗannan tsire-tsire na zuma na farkon bazara suna da tsarin tushen tushen da kyau, saboda haka ana amfani da su sosai a cikin yashi, bankunan rafin dutse, magudanar ruwa, dutsen dutse, gangaren wuri; shuke-shuke daidai ƙarfafa sako-sako da kasa sako-sako da. Kuma a cikin dazuzzukan dazuzzuka, ana shuka itacen willow don kare wuraren dazuzzuka da ciyawar daji daga zaizayar ƙasa.
Ana amfani da bishiyoyi masu tasowa don samar da shingen kariya a kan filaye da hanyoyi. Musamman akan kasa mai dausayi. Bugu da kari, tushensa yana da ikon dagewa da motsi na yashi maras tabbas.
Bawon bishiyoyi balagagge yana da haske da santsi. Ana amfani dashi don kera kayan katako da ake amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullun. Kwanduna, kayan daki da jita-jita ana saka su daga sanduna masu sassauƙa daga ciyayi.
bayanin
Akwai nau’ikan willow iri-iri da yawa a cikin iyali. Zasu iya zama duka bishiyoyi masu tsayi da ƙananan shrubs. Wani lokaci ana iya samun ƙananan bishiyoyi masu banƙyama, rassan da suka shimfiɗa zuwa ƙasa.
Dwarf willows ne kawai ke tsiro a cikin yankunan arctic da tsaunuka. Mafi ƙanƙanta iri-iri a yanayi ita ce ɗan ƙaramin shrub wanda ba ya girma fiye da inci a tsayi. Ana iya yin watsi da waɗannan willows a cikin mosses da ke girma a tsakanin su!
Tushen tsire-tsire yana reshe kuma rassan da kansu suna kama da twigs: suna da ƙarfi da sassauƙa. Dangane da nau’in foliage, zai iya zama mai yawa kuma mai kauri ko kuma mai wuya kuma maras kyau a cikin siffar.
Ana tattara inflorescences koyaushe akan gangara mai kyau. Furen da ke cikin su ƙanana ne, ba tare da jima’i ba kuma ba tare da perianth ba.
Ba kamar sauran tsire-tsire ba, willows ba sa samar da pollen mai yawa da nectar. Amma a daya hannun, suna bayar da gagarumin cin hancin farkon bazara ga yankunan kudan zuma.
Ra’ayi na asali
Ga masu kiwon zuma, nau’ikan masu zuwa suna da mahimmanci na musamman:
Sauce (akuya) – ana daukar mafi kyawun shuka zuma a cikin irinsa. A lokacin furanni, yana fitar da mai yawa nectar da isasshen adadin pollen. Yana tsiro a cikin dazuzzuka da kuma a kan bankunan na ruwa a cikin nau’i na daji mai tsawon mita biyar ko itace mai tsayi (mita 6 zuwa 10-11). Ganyensa suna zagaye, an dasa su akan petioles. ‘Yan kunne manyan, rawaya. Ya bambanta da sauran nau’ikan a cikin danginsa ta wurin faffadan foliage da kyakkyawan haƙurin inuwa.
Farar Willow (wanda aka sani da kuka willow) shine mafi girma a cikin iyali. Itacen yana girma da sauri kuma yana iya kaiwa tsayin mita 30 cikin sauƙi. Kambi babba ne, mai zagaye. Matasan rassan suna da sassauƙa sosai, suna ratayewa da kyau, masu laushi ko ba komai a ƙarshensu. Wannan nau’in kuma yana yin kyakkyawan shuka zuma na bazara.
Willow mai kaifi (ko ja willow) – ana daraja shi a aikin noma a matsayin shuka mai mahimmanci wanda ke ƙarfafa ƙasa. Yana tsiro a kan kasa mai yashi, galibi a bakin koguna ko tafkuna. Ya bambanta da sauran nau’ikan danginsa ta hanyar juriya ga matsanancin yanayi: yana jure wa fari da kyau kuma baya jin tsoron sanyi mai tsanani. Yana girma har zuwa mita 10-12, wani lokacin yana kama da daji mai girma fiye da bishiya. Buds na inuwa ja mai duhu.
Agrotechnical
Willows ba su da fa’ida kuma suna iya girma a kowane nau’in ƙasa. Amma idan kun kasance musamman tsunduma a cikin namo, shi wajibi ne don zaɓar yankunan da sako-sako da kuma moderately m ƙasa. Don dasa shuki, mafi kyawun zaɓi zai zama yashi loam ko loam. Ka guji wuraren da za a iya tsayawa da kuma tara ruwa. Yawan zafi zai yi illa ga ci gaban tsire-tsire na zuma.
Willows yawanci ana girma ne a kan ɓangarorin bazara na shekara har zuwa inci 25 tsayi. Don yin wannan, a cikin kaka, ana haƙa ƙasa zuwa zurfin santimita 80, don haka saman saman, tare da ƙaramin ciyayi, ya kasance ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Kuna iya amfani da shebur ko garma.
A cikin bazara, an shimfiɗa yankan a cikin layuka. Yana da kyawawa cewa layuka suna tafiya daga kudu maso gabas zuwa arewa maso yamma. Tazarar jeri har zuwa santimita 40-45, kuma nisa tsakanin yankan mutum shine santimita 10-20 (har zuwa yankan 300 ana iya dasa shi a kowace kadada).
Ba duk nau’in nau’in halitta ne ke haifuwa cikin sauƙi ba! Goat willow cuttings tushen talauci isa ga taro dasa. Sabili da haka, ana yin wannan nau’in tare da tsaba. Ana girbe su a watan Mayu, ana shuka su a cikin gadaje, ba tare da shuka ƙasa ba. Anan, bayan kwana biyu, harbe na farko sun bayyana.
Fasahar saukarwa
Dabarar da nau’in dasa shuki ya dogara da manufar da yanki na noma:
1.An dasa duk yankin, sai dai hanya da ramuka. Yana da ci gaba ko fasahar shuka iri.
2.Matsayin suna ƙasa… Akwai nau’ikan wannan saukowa iri uku:
- Kira na tsaka-tsaki, lokacin da aka dasa shuki a cikin tube tare da nisa mai nisa tsakanin su har zuwa mita uku. Ana amfani da dabarar don musanya gonakin inabi da gonaki.
- Ridge, lokacin da willows ke girma a cikin bogi da bogi, tsakanin ramuka).
- Matsakaici, lokacin da aka lanƙwasa rassan da aka shirya a cikin zobba kuma a manne su zuwa bangon mahara.
3.Ana dasa gidaje… Ana amfani da wannan dabara don ƙarfafa gangara, bankunan tudu. Ana shuka har zuwa yankan guda goma a cikin rami, ana yayyafa su da ƙasa.
kula
Kulawar willow abu ne mai sauƙi. Tsakanin layuka, kuna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa akai-akai, cire ciyayi, da tattara kututturen bishiyar.
Ana buƙatar irin wannan kulawa a cikin shekaru biyar na farko!
Ana iya takin ƙasa tare da takin shekara ko guano na Peruvian.
Yawan aikin zuma
Duk nau’ikan willows suna fure a farkon bazara a cikin shekara ta biyar ta rayuwa. Flowering yana faruwa a ƙarshen Afrilu ko Mayu, dangane da yankin yanayi. Saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali lokacin bazara, lokacin furanni yana ɗaukar kwanaki 10 kawai.
Yawan aiki:
- Goat willow daga hectare 1 na shuka a lokacin cin hanci ya ware kilo 150-200 na samfurin zuma. Ƙarƙarar ƙaƙƙarfan yankin kudan zuma na iya samar da har zuwa kilogiram 6 na nectar kowace rana.
- Farin willow ba shi da ƙasa a cikin abun ciki na nectar. Daga hectare 1 na shuka, zaku iya samun kilogiram 140 na nectar.
Willow a matsayin tsire-tsire na zuma yana ba da kwanciyar hankali a farkon bazara, wanda ya zama dole don ingantaccen ci gaban ƙudan zuma bayan hibernation.
zumar willow wani nau’in samfurin zuma ne da ba kasafai ba (mafi yawansa da kudan zuma ke amfani da shi don ci gaba).
Yana da launin rawaya na zinariya. A dandano ne mai dadi da m. Sannu a hankali yana yin crystallizes zuwa cikin farar fata mai laushi.
Kaddarorin masu amfani
Willow a matsayin shuka zuma yana da daraja musamman a cikin magungunan jama’a. Yawancin shahararrun girke-girke an rubuta a kan tushen willow zuma.
Ana amfani da wannan iri-iri:
- tare da sciatica da rheumatism;
- tare da ciwon kai mai tsanani da arthritis;
- a cikin maganin abscesses na fata.
Samfurin yana da mahimmanci azaman maganin maleriya, diuretic, anti-mai kumburi, hemostatic, da wakili na antipyretic. Yana da maganin antiseptik da analgesic sakamako.
