Yawancin lambu suna girma cucumbers a cikin ɗakunan rani. A wannan yanayin, girma amfanin gona kawai a lokacin rani da farkon fall. Girma cucumbers a gida zai ba su damar yin liyafa a wasu lokuta na shekara.
Girma cucumbers a gida
Idan ka ƙirƙiri microclimate daidai, al’adun za su ji daɗi a kan windowsill. Kasancewar loggia mai zafi ko baranda mai glazed zai ba ku damar samun nasarar shuka kayan lambu a wani wuri.
Bayanin cucumbers na cikin gida
Don fara aikin agrotechnical a gida, yana da daraja zabar iri-iri. Ba kowane nau’in ya dace da girma cucumbers a cikin ɗaki ba. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi hybrids masu pollinated (parthenocarpic), gami da masu zuwa:
- Masha,
- Claudia F1,
- Na ciki,
- Marinda F1,
- Na gida,
- Rytova,
- marciano,
- Fari.
Irin waɗannan nau’ikan suna da nau’in furen mace, furannin maza waɗanda ba su da su. Ya dace sosai don dasa shuki akan sills taga kamar yadda suke da bayyanar shrubs kuma suna da matsakaicin matsakaici. Tsawon su shine 1.5-2 m, suna girma sosai a tsaye. Mai jurewa cuta.
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da girman 15-25 cm. An bambanta su da babban jin daɗin su. Daga bayyanar seedlings zuwa farkon ‘ya’yan itace, yana ɗaukar tsakanin kwanaki 45 zuwa 50. Yawan aiki yana da girma: tare da kulawa mai kyau, daji zai iya samar da ‘ya’yan itatuwa 30-40. Ana buƙatar dasa kayan lambu masu cikakke akan lokaci, don haka sababbi za su ɗaure da sauri.
Kuna iya shuka nau’ikan da ke buƙatar pollination. Furen maza suna fitowa da farko, furannin mata daga baya kuma ƙasa da haka. Amfanin amfanin gonakinsu suna canza pollinated kai. Don pollinate cucumbers da kanku, kuna buƙatar zaɓar furen namiji kuma ku taɓa tsakiyar mace.
Yanayin girma
A cikin lokacin kaka-hunturu, tsire-tsire na cikin gida ba su da isasshen haske don karɓar haske. 14-15 hours a rana. Saboda haka, ana haskaka su da fitila. A cikin yanayin girgije, ana iya kunna shi duk rana. Zai fi kyau shuka cucumbers a gida a cikin tagogin da ke fuskantar kudu.
Yanayin cikin gida a lokacin rana ya kamata ya zama 21-24 ° C, zafin dare shine 18-19 ° C. A cikin gidaje a cikin hunturu, ana kiyaye shi a wannan matakin. Idan babu isasshen zafi, yi amfani da na’urorin dumama.
Ana shigar da faranti a ƙarƙashin kwantena waɗanda ke kan windowsill. Don haka tushen ba zai daskare ba. Al’ada ba ta son iska mai sanyi. Dole ne a yi la’akari da wannan lokacin busa daga tagogin. A irin waɗannan lokuta, yana da kyau a rufe su da filastik filastik ko rufi. Lokacin da iska da iska a wuraren, tabbatar cewa bushes ba su cikin daftarin.
Seedling namo
Bi dokoki
Tsarin girma cucumbers a cikin hunturu ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa. Ta hanyar kiyaye ka’idodin kowannensu, za ku iya samun girbi mai kyau.
Kasa da shiri shiri
Cucumbers sun fi son ƙasa maras kyau. Ana iya siyan cakuda ƙasa a shago. Ana kuma shirya shi a gida kamar haka:
- 4 sassa takin,
- 3 sassa na peat,
- 2 sassa na ƙasar turf,
- 1 part sawdust.
- 1 akwati na urea matches da 10 l na cakuda,
- 2 akwatunan ashana na potassium sulfate da superphosphate don adadin guda.
Don hana cututtuka, ana bi da cakuda tare da bayani na potassium permanganate yayin motsawa. Daga nan sai a jika shi da ruwan dumi kuma a sanya shi a cikin kwantena, 5 cm sama kuma a bar komai.
Seedlings sun fi girma a cikin kofuna ko tukwane. Za su iya zama m, kamar yadda tushen tsarin cucumbers ne m. Suna da daraja a kula da ruwan zafi (kimanin 60 ° C). A kasa sanya magudanar ruwa – duwatsu, bulo da fashe. Ana yin ramuka 3 gaba. Ana yin haka don cire danshi mai yawa don kada tushen su rube.
Ka shirya iri ka dasa shi
Idan zaɓin iri yana cikin harsashi, ana shuka shi bushe. An jiƙa tsaba da ba a rufe su a cikin wani rauni mai rauni na potassium permanganate na minti 15-20.
Don girma cucumbers a gida, dole ne ku fara shuka tsaba. Don wannan, ana shayar da ƙasa da ruwan zafi. Bari ya huce. An dage farawa da tsaba a saman kuma an rufe shi da bandeji da aka nade a cikin yadudduka biyu (gauze, masana’anta). Kasance dumi da jin daɗi koyaushe.
Bayan petioles sun bayyana (bayan kimanin kwanaki 3-4), ana dasa iri ɗaya a kowace kofi. Zurfafa 2 cm. Ya kamata a karkatar da petiole zuwa ƙasa. Ana sanya dukkan gilashin a cikin akwati domin gefunansu su tsaya. Suna rufe shi da foil na aluminum.
Seedling kula
Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau a ƙarƙashin abin da tsire-tsire za su ci gaba da girma cikin sauri. Yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin ya kamata ya zama 25 ° C. Bayan fitowar, an cire fim din kuma an sake shirya shi a kan taga mai haske. Zazzabi ya kamata ya zama ƙasa (kimanin 20 ° C) don kada tsire-tsire su shimfiɗa.
Ana aiwatar da shayar da seedlings a hankali. Idan kuna da hasken wucin gadi, jiƙa sau 2 a rana. Ba tare da ƙarin haske ba: sau 1 a rana. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata a kafa kuma yana da zazzabi na 23-25 ° C.
Don shuka seedlings masu inganci don cucumbers, kuna buƙatar ciyar da shi sau 2 a lokacin hunturu:
- A karo na farko ana amfani da taki ta hanyar makonni 2 bayan fitowar. Ɗauki teaspoon 1 lita 3 na ruwa, ba da gilashi 1 kowace sprout.
- A karo na biyu, mako guda bayan wanda ya gabata. An shirya sutura kamar haka: 1 tsp. nitrofoski, 1 tbsp. l Ana tayar da ash na itace a cikin lita 3 na ruwa. Ƙara gilashin 1 zuwa shuka 1.
Dasawa
Lokacin da ganye na uku ya bayyana, shuka yana buƙatar dasa shuki
Tsarin girma cucumbers a gida ya haɗa da motsa tsire-tsire zuwa kwantena mai zurfi. Ana yin wannan lokacin da harbe-harbe suna da ganye na gaskiya guda 3. Don dasawa, kwalaye, tukwane sun dace, babban abu shine ya kamata a sanya isasshen ƙasa a can. 2-3 bushes na iya shiga cikin akwatin, nisa tsakanin su ya kamata a kiyaye 25-30 cm. Ya kamata a lalata kwantena tare da maganin potassium permanganate ko jan karfe sulfate.
Noman ‘ya’yan itace
Don girma cucumbers a gida a cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya dace. Bari mu yi la’akari dalla-dalla.
Zaɓin cakuda bayan dasawa
Lokacin matsar da tsire-tsire zuwa manyan kwantena, kuna buƙatar yin hankali don cika su. Zai yiwu a shuka cucumbers a cikin hunturu a cikin cakuda ƙasa ko hydroponics An shirya cakuda kamar haka: ¾ ɓangaren ƙasa turf, 1 part na humus, 0,5 l na itace ash. Ana sanya magudanar ruwa a ƙasa.
Idan an dasa tsire-tsire ta hanyar amfani da hydroponics, ana ɗaukar tsakuwa 8-10 cm lokacin farin ciki kuma a zuba a cikin gwangwani. Ana sanya akwati a saman ba tare da kasa ko tare da ramuka ba. Yana cike da gansakuka, sawdust, peat. Sawdust ya kamata a tururi. Ana zuba tsakuwa tare da cikakken takin ma’adinai. Ana ɗaukar maganin ku ta hanyar cika daga akwati. Kullum ana kara taki. Sau ɗaya a mako ana maye gurbinsu.
Za a iya shirya cikakken taki a gida. Don yin wannan, ɗauki 25 g na urea, 60 g na superphosphate, 30 g na potassium gishiri. Wajibi ne a dauki 1,5 g na cakuda.
Wannan hanya tana ba ku damar shuka cucumbers har ma a cikin ginshiki, wanda duk yanayin ya cika. Kuma ana samar da hasken wuta tare da fitulun ceton makamashi.
Bush kula
Yadda za a yi girma cucumbers yadda ya kamata a cikin hunturu sabbin ganye za su so su? Sirrin fasahar noma sune kamar haka:
- shrubbery,
- gasar,
- ban ruwa,
- sutura.
Horo
Lokacin da ganye 4-5 suka bayyana akan tsire-tsire, toshe saman. Sa’an nan kuma harbe na gefe za su fara girma, wanda zai ba da ƙarin ‘ya’yan itace. Suna barin guda 2-3. Lokacin da bulala suka girma zuwa zanen gado 10, suma suna tsunkule. Sannan sabbin bulala za su fara yi. Ya zama wani daji wanda zai ba da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Liga
Kuna buƙatar ɗaure tsire-tsire yadda ya kamata
Don ingantaccen ci gaban tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar garter tare da wannan aikin: a tsayin 1.5-1.8 m sama da gilashin, an jawo waya, an ɗaure bushes tare da igiya. Ana yin haka bayan mako guda da dasa shuki. An nannade tsire-tsire a cikin da’irar yarn, wanda aka ja shi zuwa nau’i biyu. An ba da izinin ɓangaren sama na bushes tsakanin su.
Watse
Shayar da cucumbers na cikin gida a cikin hunturu ya kamata ya zama sau 2-3 a mako. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ruwa mai tsafta tare da zazzabi na 27-30 ° C. Lokacin da aka ɗaure ‘ya’yan itace, ana shayar da ruwa kamar yadda saman saman ƙasa ya bushe. Watering ya kamata ya zama matsakaici don cucumbers ba su da ɗaci.
Abincin
Wajibi ne a kula da shuke-shuke, ciyar da su a lokacin girma kakar. A karo na farko ana amfani da taki kwanaki 15-20 bayan shuka. Ɗauki teaspoon 1 na urea a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Amfani – 0.5 lita da 1 daji. Na biyu: 7-8 kwanaki bayan wanda ya gabata. Shirya bayani: 2 tbsp. l miyagun ƙwayoyi ‘Effekton’ a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Zuba lita 0.5 akan kowace shuka.
Cututtuka da kwari
Girma cucumbers a gida ba zai iya kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka daban-daban ba. Aphids, whiteflies, ko gizo-gizo mites na iya cutar da amfanin gona. Yana da haɗari don amfani da magungunan kashe qwari a gida, don haka, don sarrafa kwari, yana da daraja yin amfani da magungunan jama’a:
- jiko na taba zai yi tasiri a kan aphids da whiteflies,
- Tincture na tafarnuwa tare da ƙari na sabulu na rigakafi don magance kwari gizo-gizo.
Kuda mai tsiro yana da haɗari ga cucumbers. Yellow ganye a kan tsire-tsire na iya zama alamar lalacewa. Don dalilai na rigakafi, wajibi ne don lalata ƙasa, tun da an adana tsutsa na kwari a ciki. Idan kun lura da shi a lokacin girma na amfanin gona, kuna buƙatar canza ƙasa.
Wasu matsaloli na iya tasowa lokacin da kayan lambu agrotechnical a gida. Dalilin haka shine rashin kulawa da shuka mara kyau. Misali, yawan ruwa zai iya haifar da rubewar tushen.
ƙarshe
Ta hanyar girma cucumbers a kan windowsill, za ku iya samun ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu sabo a duk shekara.
Idan kun bi duk dokoki don kula da shuka, akwai damar samun girbi mai karimci da lafiya.
