A cikin yankuna tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin rani, kayan lambu suna girma da sauri da sauri kuma suna da lokaci don samun matsakaicin halaye masu kyau. Laguna karas ya yi fice a cikin nau’ikan amfanin gona iri-iri.
Noman karas iri-iri Laguna F1
Halayen iri-iri
An samar da nau’in karas na Laguna F1 ta masu shayarwa na VNIISSOK a cikin 2007. An halicci tsaba bisa tushen Nantes-4 iri-iri.
Lagoon shine farkon karas mai girma, yana shirye don amfani da kwanaki 80-85 bayan dasa. Yawan aiki yana da girma: har zuwa 7 kg / m².
Lokacin girma, karas suna samun sifa iri ɗaya, daidaita girman, ya zama kusan iri ɗaya a launi. Ganyen a tukwici suna da haske kore, suna sauri zuwa sama.
An san nau’in iri-iri don ƙaramin tsakiya, wanda kusan babu shi a tushen amfanin gona mafi ƙarancin girma. Yana girma daga 15 zuwa 20 cm, a cikin yanayi mai kyau, har zuwa 27 cm.
Siffar karas wani nau’in silinda ne ba tare da murdiya ba, ɗan gajeren tip, launi yana kusa da orange mai zurfi. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da daɗi kuma suna da ɗanɗano, saboda yawan adadin carotene a cikin amfanin gona na tushen.
Girma karas
Wurin rana tare da matsakaicin tebur na ruwa na ƙasa yana da dadi don dasa karas – daga zurfin 0 zuwa 8 m.
Daga cikin nau’o’in ƙasa, yashi-cyey, clayey-sandy tare da rinjaye na ɓangaren ƙura sun dace da dasa shuki, ƙasa na asalin halitta shine peat bogs. Matsayin acidity bai kamata ya wuce pH 6-6.5 ba. Wani lokaci ana dasa shuki kafin lokacin sanyi ta yadda za su sami isasshen danshi a lokacin girma.
Karas Laguna F1 yana girma sosai a wuraren da aka noman amfanin gona a bara: kabeji, cucumbers, leek, tumatir da kuma ci gaba da amfanin gona: alkama na hunturu da kuma legumes. Hana dasa karas a wuraren da aka gabatar da takin gargajiya a cikin shekarar farko, dankali, seleri, faski da beets sun girma. Ana amfani da irin waɗannan wuraren don shuka bayan shekaru 3-4.
Takin ƙasa kafin dasa shuki. Don shuka hunturu, ana amfani da mahadi na phosphorus. Ana amfani da takin Potash a ƙasa mai nauyi a cikin bazara da bazara, kuma ana amfani da takin mai ɗauke da nitrogen a cikin bazara, nan da nan kafin shuka. Sau da yawa, ana amfani da saltpeter ko diluted urea don inganta ma’adinan ƙasa.
Ƙarshen Afrilu – farkon Mayu ya dace da dasa shuki na bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi har zuwa zafin jiki sama da 8 ° C, don samun amfanin gona mai launin haske, suna jira har ƙasa ta yi zafi har zuwa 16 ° C -22 ° C.
Shirya gadaje tare da zurfin da bai wuce 2 cm ba tare da nisa na 15 cm daga juna. Shayar da ruwa mai dumi, ya fi kyau: ruwan sama, ruwa mai tsabta. Ana shuka tsaba na karas Laguna F1 kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ta amfani da sevalka ko strainer, an rufe shi da Layer na ƙasa. Kwayoyin suna girma bayan kwanaki 12-14, tare da kwanciyar hankali bayan kwanaki 10.
Ban ruwa da hadi
Shayar da karas akai-akai, amma a cikin adadi mai kyau. Ana aiwatar da ban ruwa na farko kafin shuka tare da lissafin 3 l / m². Ana aiwatar da na biyu bayan kwanaki 10-14, lokacin da farkon seedlings ya bayyana, a cikin adadin 6-10 l / m². A cikin shayarwa na gaba, idan ƙasa ta jika, ba a ba da shawarar ruwa ba.
A lokacin girma mai aiki, ana ciyar da karas tare da takin mai magani na humus. Suna da ikon watsa ma’adanai da abubuwan gano abubuwan da ake buƙata don noman tushen kuma ba sa haifar da maye gurbi. Don kwanaki 20-30 bayan shuka, ana amfani da takin mai magani, gami da potassium da sodium don hana lalacewa daga tushen amfanin gona yayin yawan danshi na ƙasa.
Cututtuka da kwari
Mai jure cuta
A cewar bayanin, nau’in karas Lagoon F1 yana da juriya ga wasu cututtuka, wani lokacin rashin matakan rigakafi yana haifar da cututtuka. Cututtuka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:
- Septoria A cikin greenhouse ko greenhouse, lokacin da akwai zafi akai-akai, akwai yiwuwar lalacewa ga tsire-tsire daga wannan cuta. Alamar ita ce bayyanar busassun busassun busassun wurare a saman sassan kusa da tushe na mai tushe. Don kawar da su, ana yayyafa karas tare da cakuda Bordeaux – karamin adadin jan karfe sulfate yana narkewa a cikin madarar lemun tsami. Idan ya cancanta, maimaita aikin bayan kwanaki 10.
- Bakar rube. Cutar da ba kasafai ba ga al’adar da ke tsiro a cikin yanayi mai kyau. Yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau’i na dige baki a cikin tushen amfanin gona. A wannan yanayin, ana kashe tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cuta. Don guje wa bayyanar cututtuka, ana bi da tsaba da Tigama kafin shuka.
Karas suna da saukin kamuwa da kwari, musamman aphids. Kwayoyin cuta suna tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga ganye, wanda ke rage girman girma da ci gaban shuka. A sakamakon haka, zai dushe. Don kawar da kwari, ana kula da ɓangaren waje na tushen amfanin gona da manyan sassan tare da haɗakar Kaisar ko hanyoyin jama’a:
- 200 g na itace ash yana narkar da a cikin guga na ruwa;
- dauki 1 tbsp. yankakken tafarnuwa a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, nace kwanaki 3, ƙara 100 g na sabulun wanki,
- yi amfani da 25 g na ammonia a cikin 5 l na ruwa.
Binciken
Don rage yiwuwar cewa karas zai kamu da cututtuka da kwari, bi ka’idodi masu zuwa:
- a dage da juyar da amfanin gona yadda ya kamata: kar a shuka amfanin gona a wuraren da aka shuka kayan lambu masu saurin kamuwa da cututtuka a bara,
- amfani da takin mai magani na phosphorus, ammonia da potassium a kan lokaci;
- disinfect ƙasa kafin dasa shuki da adana kayan lambu kafin hunturu,
- ana yin girbi a cikin bushe da yanayin rana, yi ƙoƙarin kada ku lalata tsire-tsire,
- manne da mafi kyawun yanayin ajiya mara kyau don tushen amfanin gona: a zazzabi na 1 ° C-2 ° C da zafi na iska na 80-85%.
ƙarshe
Laguna F1 shine tushen amfanin gona mai girma mai amfani don amfanin gida. Dangane da bayanin, babban fa’idodinsa shine farkon ripening da rashin kulawa ga manyan cututtuka da kwari.
Don girma da kuma kula da girbi mai yawa, suna bin ka’idodin dasa shuki, kulawa da rigakafi. Sa’an nan kuma sojojin da lokacin da aka zuba jari a gonar za su kawo sakamakon a cikin nau’i na tubers masu haske waɗanda suke da kyau a cikin bayyanar da kuma dadi don dandana.
