A cikin bazara, masu lambu suna tara kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itace. Shahararren kayan lambu shine karas. Wahalhalun germination iri na wannan shuka yana da alaƙa da yalwar mai mai yawa a cikin abun da ke ciki. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don dasa karas domin ya tsiro da sauri.
Yaya sauri yake aiki? girma tsaba karas
Gwajin Germination
Don kimanta yiwuwar seedling na nau’ikan karas daban-daban, ana aiwatar da hanyar tantancewa. Don yin wannan, tsawon kwanaki 30 kafin dasa shuki, an zaɓi nau’ikan iri daban-daban. Ana jika su ana dasa su a tukunya. Suna germinated don sanin lokacin fitowar a cikin ƙasa.
Hanyoyin shirye-shirye don shuka
Kwayoyin karas za su yi girma da sauri idan sun sha ɗaya daga cikin takamaiman nau’in maganin iri – akwai hanyoyi masu sauri na germination, don haka zabar wanda ya dace yana da sauƙi. Akwai manyan hanyoyi da yawa. Ana amfani da su ɗaya ɗaya ko a hade.
Jiƙa a cikin jaka
Germination hanya ce mai mahimmanci ga kowane nau’in iri. Wannan yana ba su damar kawar da mahimman mai. Kafin germinating tsaba karas, yi kamar haka:
- wanke kayan shuka sau da yawa a ƙarƙashin ruwan dumi mai gudu,
- jiƙa a cikin ruwa mai tsabta har sai kumbura (kimanin 5-7 hours a gauze).
Ba za a iya jiƙa tsaba na dogon lokaci a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate. Ana kashe shi na minti 10.
Jiƙa a cikin jakar gauze yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi sauƙi hanyoyin shirya iri.
Germination
A cikin ƙasa mai dumi, tsaba za su yi girma da sauri
Don wannan hanyar shirya gado a gaba. Dole ne ƙasa ta zama m da dumi don shuka kayan nan da nan:
- Ana barin tsaba da aka jiƙa a kan ɗan yatsa.
- Don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse, an rufe su da fim, ana fesa su akai-akai da ruwa.
- Ba da daɗewa ba, amfanin gona na gaba za su tsiro, bayan an jiƙa su da busasshiyar zane.
- Ana bada shawara don shuka a gonar nan da nan bayan germination.
Biostimulation
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar a wasu lokuta tare da jiƙa.
Its peculiarity ne shirye-shiryen na musamman mafita don hanzarta germination. Lokacin yin jiƙa, ana ƙara abubuwa masu amfani a cikin ruwa, waɗanda ke taimakawa harbe abokantaka, ƙarfafa rigakafi na shuka daga cututtuka da kwari.
Maganin maganin Biostimulation:
- Sodium humate bayani. Kimanin 1 g na abu yana diluted a cikin lita 1 na ruwa a zazzabi na kusan 30 ° C. Jiƙa don 10-12 hours.
- Magani tare da epin. A cikin 1 tbsp. Ƙara ruwa 4 saukad da abu. Bar don 10-12 hours.
- Ash turmi itace. A cikin 1 lita na ruwan dumi, 1 tbsp. l ash ba tare da murfi ba. Abubuwan amfanin gona na gaba sun tafi na yini ɗaya.
Bayan cire su daga maganin, an bushe su zuwa ruwa kuma suna fara shuka. Wani lokaci ana ba da shawara don ‘taurare’ tsaba don samun tsire-tsire masu sauri ko da a cikin mummunan yanayi: an sanya su a cikin jakar damp a cikin firiji don kwanaki 3-5. Canjin zafi da sanyi yana kwantar da shuka a nan gaba.
Kwayar cuta
Ka rabu da ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari kafin dasa shuki.
Don yin wannan, yi amfani da raunin rauni na manganese, boric acid da hydrogen peroxide. Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar ga waɗannan abubuwan:
- Manganese – 1 g da 1 gilashin ruwa. Tsaftace don minti 10-15.
- Boric acid – 1 g da lita 5 na ruwa. Ajiye a cikin bayani don kwana 1.
- Hydrogen peroxide – bayani na 3%. Bayan sa’o’i 8-10, cire kuma kurkura.
Yana da mahimmanci kada a yi watsi da tsaba kuma ku bi rabbai, in ba haka ba disinfection zai haifar da mutuwar kayan.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shuka iri
Yin kumfa
Don saurin tsiro karas, an cika shi da iskar oxygen. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar mai sarrafa akwatin kifaye. Tsarin aiki shine kamar haka:
- Ana sanya al’adun gaba a cikin tulun ruwan dumi.
- Iskar da ke fitowa daga injin aquarium ya kamata ta fitar da tsaba daidai gwargwado.
- Kowane awa 9-12 Ana sabunta ruwan. Jimlar lokacin jikewa shine awanni 18 zuwa 24.
Wannan hanyar tana rage lokacin germination kuma shuka yayi tsiro da sauri – har zuwa kwanaki 6-8.
Gragea
Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi wahala hanyoyin don hanzarta lokacin hawan ku. Jigon tsari shine fadada shuka iri. Layin germination da ke kara girman su ya ƙunshi:
- warware matsalar mullein (1 part zuwa 7 sassa ruwa),
- ruwa sitaci manna ko sugar syrup,
- fermented whey,
- filler: bushe peat, ciyawa, humus.
Ana kula da tsaba a cikin kwalba tare da manne. Kada su zauna tare. A mafi kyau duka size bayan drazhirovany for germination ne game da 3 mm. Ƙananan girman ba zai ba da tasirin da ake so ba, kuma babban Layer zai hana shi daga tashi. Don hana tsayawa, an yayyafa su da toka.
Kleistering
Ana yin wannan hanya don dacewa da dasa shuki. Ma’anar hanyar ita ce manne tsaba a kan kaset ɗin takarda. Don yin gelatinization:
- Shirya kaset ɗin takarda. Abubuwan da suka dace: adibas na takarda, takarda bayan gida ko sauran takarda mara kyau. Sauran nau’in za su hana karas daga tsiro.
- Shirya taliya. Don yin wannan, Mix 2-3 tbsp. l dankalin turawa sitaci tare da 1 lita na ruwa. Sanyi zuwa zafin jiki.
Ana yada tsaba da aka kula da su tare da tweezers a kan tef ɗin takarda, kiyaye nisa tsakanin su. Ana sanya su a cikin rami a cikin gado kuma an rufe su da ƙasa mai kauri.
Ana yin saukowa tare da manna daban:
- Zuba fakiti 2-3 a cikin bayani mai sanyaya. Ki gauraya ki zuba a tukunyar shayi mai kunkuntar hanci.
- Zuba rafi na bakin ciki a kan gadaje, a baya an shayar da ruwa.
- Yayyafa gadaje tare da ƙasa ko peat. Tsaba suna girma a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin, bayan haka an cire shi.
Abin da iri ba za a iya sarrafa
Ba tare da hanyoyin ba, lokacin germination shine kwanaki 15-20. Ba batun sarrafawa:
- matasan iri da masu samar da kasashen waje,
- granular,
- bi da tare da fungicides da kwari.
Tsabar da aka yi wa kwari sun bambanta da launi. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, haɓakar germination zai yi rauni ne kawai. Shuka bisa ga danyen umarni.
ƙarshe
Ana buƙatar cikakken shiri don haɓakar germination na tsaba karas. Bugu da ƙari, haɓaka damar shuka shuka, juriya ga cututtuka da kwari, irin waɗannan hanyoyin na iya haɓaka germination har zuwa kwanaki 6-8. Lokacin sarrafa su, yana da mahimmanci a bi umarnin don kada ya lalata shuka.
