Black karas wani nau’i ne na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin dangin Kozelets wanda ake girma a wasu ƙasashe a matsayin kayan lambu.
Black karas
Halin Botanical
Perennial shuka yana cikin dangin Asteraceae. A cikin shekarun farko na rayuwa, shuka yana pubescent, daga baya, tsirara. Yana girma 0.25-0.75 m a tsayi, an kafa tushe, rassan. Ganyen yana da kauri. Ganyayyaki a ƙananan matakin sune lanceolate, ovate, oblong, mai nuna a ƙarshen, tare da jijiyoyi masu yawa. Ganyen tsakiyar matakin sune oblong-lanceolate, tare da babban sashi mai siffar awl.
Karas da aka sani da sunansa yana da wasu sunayen kimiyya: scorzona, tushen baki da zaki.
Inflorescences na wakilan iri-iri an samo su ta hanyar petals na launin rawaya mai haske, sau da yawa mutum ɗaya, suna da siffar silindi, babba, tare da ambulaf 20-30 mm tsayi. ‘Ya’yan itãcen inflorescences: achene.
Black karas tsaba a tsawon sun kai 1.5-1.6 cm. Lokacin flowering shine Mayu. Tushen al’ada shine cylindrical, lokacin farin ciki, nama. Yana da takamaiman launi mai duhu. Naman ciki fari ne. Matsakaicin tsayin amfanin gona na tushen shine 15 cm, diamita – 5 cm, nauyi – 150-200 g.
Ba kamar orange na gargajiya ba, wanda ke da ɗanɗano mai daɗi, baƙar fata karas suna da ɗaci a cikin bayanin kula kuma suna ɗanɗano kamar radish da radish.
Wurare
Wannan nau’in ya fito ne daga kudancin yankin Turai da kudu maso yammacin Asiya. A yau, ana shuka shuka kuma ana rarraba shi a sassa daban-daban na duniya: a zahiri a ko’ina cikin Turai, gami da yankuna daga ƙasashen Gabashin Bahar Rum zuwa Gabashin Asiya. An samo shi a wuraren da aka dasa na Jojiya da Armeniya, ana shuka kayan lambu a Italiya, Faransa, Masar, Turkiyya, Pakistan, Netherlands, Belgium.
Scorzonera shine wakilci na yau da kullun na ciyayi na tsiri.
A Rasha, ana noman karas baƙar fata a Jamhuriyar Dagestan, a cikin tsaunin Caucasus, a gindin tsaunin Ural, har zuwa iyakar Kazakhstan, a yammacin Siberiya.
Kayan lambu sun fi son yankuna masu bushewa. A dabi’a, yana tsiro ne a kan ƙasan dutsen farar ƙasa, a kan tsaunuka, da kan gangaren dutse.
A cikin yanayi na wucin gadi na girma tsaba don girma kayan lambu, greenhouses sun dace.Yana da wuya a yi girma scorzoner wanda ke son yanayi mai dumi tare da tsaba da tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa bude.
Daga cikin nau’ikan da suka sami nasarar yin tushe a cikin lambuna masu zaman kansu, ambaci Mutanen Espanya, Black Knight, Dragon Purple.
Haɗawa da iyakokin aikace-aikace
Karas na ban mamaki
Baƙar fata tushen amfanin gona ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na abubuwa masu lafiya, gami da:
- inulin daga rukunin polysaccharides,
- asparagine, wanda ke cikin rukunin amino acid,
- levulina.
Ba kamar karas na gargajiya ba, kayan lambu na tushen baƙar fata suna da ƙarancin beta-carotene a cikin kayan shafa su na sinadarai, wanda yawancin alpha-carotenia, anthocyanins, babban adadin antioxidants, da lutein ke kashewa.
Dafa abinci
Black karas, tare da farin da kuma lemu, ana amfani da su sosai wajen dafa abinci. Ana amfani da shi azaman kayan yaji don darussan farko da na biyu da ƙari ga abubuwan sha masu laushi da kayan zaki. A lokaci guda, anthocyanins, waɗanda ke cikin ɓangaren karas na baki, suna ba da kayan launi ga kayan lambu.
Magunguna
Saboda kyawawan halayensa, karas baƙar fata yana da amfani a cikin abinci mai gina jiki. Yana da amfani musamman ga tsofaffi tsofaffi. Ana ba da shawarar cirewa tare da shi ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus da hauhawar jini, gout da cututtukan hanta.
ƙarshe
Baƙar fata iri-iri nau’in nau’in tsire-tsire ne na dangin Kozelets. Kayan lambu yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci, fata mai duhu da farin ɓangaren litattafan almara. Ana noma shi, kuma tun daga karni na XNUMX kasashe daban-daban ne suke noma shi don amfanin noma.
An yi amfani da kayan amfanin gona da yawa wajen dafa abinci, an tantance amfanin su ta hanyar magungunan gargajiya.
