Halin yanayin yanayi na Urals shine cewa yanayin yana canzawa, iska mai sanyi sau da yawa yana busawa, lokacin rani yana takaice tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 20-22 ° C. Irin waɗannan yanayi ba su da kyau musamman don girma amfanin gona na thermophilic. Amma babban jerin nau’ikan hybrids da iri suna ba ku damar zaɓar barkono don Urals, wanda zai yi girma daidai kuma ya ba da ‘ya’ya. Kuma dabarun noma masu sauƙi za su taimaka wajen samun sakamako mai kyau a cikin girma barkono har ma a yanayin zafi mai sanyi.
Mafi kyawun nau’in barkono don salatin ga Urals
Yadda za a zabi
zabar sor Wannan barkono mai dadi ga Urals, kana buƙatar kula da bayanin al’ada don gano irin halayen halayensa. Wadannan nau’ikan sun fi dacewa:
- Ƙaddamarwa (ƙananan girman): tsire-tsire ba za su cinye makamashin da ba dole ba don tara yawan adadin kore, kuma idan akwai sanyaya wannan iri-iri za a iya rufe shi da sauƙi.
- Ripening na farko (kwanaki 100-120): a ƙarƙashin yanayin ɗan gajeren lokacin bazara, za su sami lokacin saitawa da girma.
- Juriya ga canje-canje a yanayin yanayi, za su iya jure wa tabarbarewar yanayi na ɗan gajeren lokaci da canjin yanayin zafi.
A cikin Urals, suna yin aikin noman barkono duka a cikin greenhouses da a cikin bude ƙasa. Iri-iri da aka zaɓa daidai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samun nasarar noman al’adun kudanci a yanayin yanayin da ba su da halayensa. p38>
Mafi kyawun iri don Urals
Daga cikin nau’ikan da suka dace da noma a cikin Urals, yana da daraja nuna mafi kyawun. Ana iya zaɓar nau’in barkono na Urals dangane da wurin da aka shirya dasa da lokacin girma.
Noma ta Greenhouse
Sau da yawa barkono a cikin Urals ana girma a cikin rufaffiyar ƙasa. Gine-gine:
- mai zafi,
- gilashin,
- polycarbonate,
- fim.
Dukansu cikakke ne don girma barkono mai zaki. Girma a cikin greenhouse a wani ɓangare na sauƙaƙe kulawar shuka a cikin yanayi mai sanyi.
Barkono mafi sau da yawa girma a cikin greenhouses
Belladonna F1
Kamfanin Dutch hybrid Seminis. Shrubs suna girma m, 50-60 cm tsayi tare da rassan kwarangwal da aka haɓaka. Wannan nau’in yana da wuri sosai, ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun fara girma bayan kwanaki 60-70 daga lokacin da aka dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse. Sun bambanta a high da kuma barga yawan aiki. A kan daji, ‘ya’yan itatuwa 9 zuwa 12 suna girma, suna yin la’akari 180-210 g. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da siffar cuboid mai ɗaki huɗu, a lokacin girma na fasaha suna samun launin rawaya mai kirim, lokacin da cikakke suna da kyakkyawan launi mai launin rawaya. Kauri daga cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara shine 5-9 mm, tsawon ‘ya’yan itace shine 8-10 cm, nisa shine 7-8 cm. Yana da manufa ta duniya. An yaba don dandano mai kyau da kyakkyawan gabatarwa. Mai jure wa cuta kamar mosaic taba.
Giganto Ross F1
Hybrid iri-iri na manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko (watanni 3 bayan dasa shuki, zaku iya girbi amfanin gona na farko). Shrub na shuka shine yafi matsakaicin tsayi, yana tasowa a hankali, baya buƙatar horo. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna girma tare da nauyin fiye da 250 g, tsawon 20-26 cm, ganuwar 7-9 mm na cikakken launin ja a matakin balaga na ilimin halitta. Suna da siffar cubic.
An yaba duka don manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa da kuma dandano mai dadi, m da tsari mai yawa. Yana da wadata a cikin bitamin C kuma adadin sukari ya kai kusan 6%.
Ayaba kayan zaki
Yana nufin tsakiyar-zuwa-farko iri. Na musamman iri-iri tare da dogayen ‘ya’yan itatuwa. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna girma tsakanin 30 zuwa 35 cm tsayi tare da matsakaicin nauyin 250 g, har ma da bango mai kauri har zuwa 1 cm. A farkon ripening yana da launin rawaya na vanilla, idan ya kai ga balagaggen ilimin halitta ya sami launin ja mai duhu. Yawan kwai yana kama da gungu na ayaba. Matsayin balaga na fasaha yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 120-130. Tsayin daji ya kai 0,7 m. Yana da ingantaccen amfanin gona na 5-7 kg a kowace 1 m2.
Dandan barkono yana da dadi, tsarin ɓangaren litattafan almara shine uniform, m. Ya dace sosai don sabobin salads, dafa abinci da adanawa.
Agapovsky
Yana nufin nau’ikan nau’ikan da aka ƙayyade tare da farkon lokacin girma. Tsayin daji ya kai matsakaicin 90 cm. Daga lokacin shuka iri don seedlings zuwa ripening na farko ‘ya’yan itatuwa, 110-125 kwanaki wuce. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ba su da girma, a matsakaita sun kai nauyin gram 120, amma iri-iri suna bambanta ta hanyar mafi girma da kuma mafi yawan barga, tsakanin barkono da irin wannan halaye. Da 1 sq. M. Zai iya tattara kimanin kilogiram 10 na al’adu. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da siffar cubic. Kaurin bango shine 6-7mm. A lokacin cikakken girma, suna ɗaukar launi ja mai kyau da kuma kyakkyawan sheki mai sheki. Sun bambanta a cikin dandano mai daɗi da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano iri ɗaya. Yana jure sanyi na ɗan lokaci na dare. Mai sauqi qwarai da rashin buqatar kulawa. Yana da babban juriya ga cututtuka.
Apricot Favour
Ƙayyade nau’in, tsire-tsire suna girma m, suna haɓaka da kyau har zuwa 50 cm tsayi. An girbe amfanin gona na farko na apricot bayan kwanaki 100-105. Yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa, daga daji ɗaya zaka iya tattara ‘ya’yan itatuwa 20-22 masu nauyin 125-150 g. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da kyakkyawan launi na orange. Siffar ita ce kuboid mai rarrabu zuwa ɗakuna huɗu. Fatar tana da yawa, amma sirara ce mai santsi da sheƙi. Kaurin bango yana kan matsakaita 6-7 mm. ‘Ya’yan itacen yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai faɗi.
Kakakin
Barkono na wannan nau’in suna da launi mai launin cakulan na musamman. Masu sha’awar masanan kayan lambu masu kyan gani. Cornet yayi girma a cikin kwanaki 105-115 daga shuka iri. Yana da babban yawan aiki, fiye da kilogiram 3 na barkono suna girma akan daji. Manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa 200-230 g, kauri bango 6-7 mm. Shishrub yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun daji, ɗan ƙaramin reshe, tare da ‘yan ganye a kan shuka. Wannan shine ɗayan nau’ikan waɗanda ko da tsayin daji na 1-1.5 m ya cika daidai a cikin Urals.
da 1 km2. m, za ku iya shuka har zuwa tsire-tsire 5.
Don girma a cikin bude ƙasa
Duk da yanayin yanayi mai ban sha’awa na Urals, barkono, tare da ingantattun dabarun noma da noman seedling, yana girma da kyau kuma yana ba da ‘ya’ya a sararin sama.
Kolobok
Wani nau’in barkono mai dadi wanda ya tabbatar da kansa ba kawai don noma a cikin Urals ba, har ma a cikin sauran yankuna. Nau’in balagagge na farko (kwanaki 110-120), tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan shrub na 40-50 cm. Yana da ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu zagaye da nama, suna yin la’akari 90-130 g, ganuwar suna da kauri 1 cm ko fiye, a lokacin haɓakar fasaha na kore, bayan makonni 2 ya juya launin ja. Ya bambanta a babban yawan aiki, a cikin 1 sq.m. girma 6-7 kg, wanda shine babban adadin barkono da aka girma a cikin ƙasa bude. Yana da manufa ta duniya, dace da amfani da sarrafa sabbin samfura. Mutumin gingerbread baya buƙatar kulawa da yanayin girma. Low zafin jiki resistant. Ba kasafai rashin lafiya tare da mosaic taba, rot rot, vertex rot.
Eroshka
Bushes suna girma akai-akai
Suna da alaƙa da nau’in balagagge na farko. Bushes suna da ƙarfi sosai, tsayinsu ya kai cm 30-45 kawai. Kuna iya dasa tsire-tsire, kusan bushes 10 na iya girma a cikin mita 1 ta amfani da hanyar dasa tef (tsakanin tsire-tsire na 15-20cm). A cikin ƙaramin yanki yana ba ku damar samun babban aiki. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari 12-16 suna girma akan daji. Wanne a mataki na cikakken balaga sune ja tare da tint orange. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne cuboid, yin la’akari 180-200 g, 10-12 cm tsawo da 7 cm fadi. Kaurin bango 6 mm. Ripening a lokaci guda, abokantaka.
Juriya ga wasu cututtuka na al’ada na barkono:
- ruwan toka,
- verticiliosis,
- rot rot,
- mosaic taba.
Kuna iya amfani da nau’in nau’in a matsayin mai rufewa don tsayin nau’in barkono mai kararrawa, tumatir, da eggplant. Eroshka shrubs ana dasa su a cikin tsire-tsire marasa iyaka.
Funtik
Wani nau’i na farko na babban inganci da tsayayya ga danniya, daga amfanin gona zuwa ripening na ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko, suna ciyar da kwanaki 105-115. Shrub yana da ƙananan ƙaddara, da kyau, tsayin daka har zuwa 70 cm. Dasa yawa na 5 shrubs da 1 m2. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari 15-18 tare da taro na 120-180 g suna girma a kan daji, suna da siffar conical wanda ke kai tsaye zuwa saman. Girman ‘ya’yan itace shine 14 × 8, kauri daga bango shine 6-8 mm. Cikakkun ‘ya’yan itace mai dadi, ja. Barkono yana dahuwa tare. An bambanta su da dandano mai kyau, manufarsu ta duniya.
Chardash
Iri-iri wanda ya kafa kansa da kyau a cikin yanayin yanayi mara kyau. Suna da alaƙa da nau’ikan farko, sun girma zuwa matakin fasaha na balaga a cikin kwanaki 95-110, da kwanakin 110-125 na ilimin halitta. Yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa. A kan ƙananan bushes (har zuwa 70 cm tsayi) 15-18 ‘ya’yan itatuwa an ɗaure. Sq. M. tattara fiye da 10 kg na al’adu. Dace da m shuka, 5-8 bushes da 1 murabba’in mita.
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da kayan ado na musamman da kuma gabatarwa mai kyau. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna girma tare da nauyin 180-220 g, tare da girman nau’in mazugi na 16 × 8 cm tare da ƙarshen ƙarshen. Kaurin bango shine 5-6mm. Launin ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu girma shine haske orange zuwa orange-ja. Ya dace da sabo sabo, sarrafa gida da masana’antu.
Asirin noman barkono a cikin Urals
Makullin ingantaccen ƙwarewar girma barkono zai kasance:
- lokacin shuka tsaba,
- kiyaye lokacin dasa shuki,
- Insulation na gado,
- sarrafa zafin jiki.
Don nasarar noman barkono a cikin Urals, yana da kyau a yi amfani da hanyar seedling.
Seedlings don seedlings a cikin wannan yanki ana shuka su a tsakiyar Maris don greenhouse kuma a farkon Afrilu don buɗe ƙasa. Kada ku yi gaggawar shuka tsaba da wuri, tunda barkono mai zaki a cikin Urals za a iya dasa su ne kawai a lokacin da yanayin dare ya daidaita kuma ya kai 14-15 C, kuma ƙasa ta yi zafi sosai. Wannan shine kusan tsakiyar watan Mayu don greenhouses kuma bai wuce Mayu 20 ba don buɗe ƙasa. Seedlings a shuka ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin kwanaki 45 zuwa 60.
Yana da mahimmanci lokacin dasa shuki seedlings don dumama gadaje, ana iya yin haka ta amfani da:
- taki,
- dutsen dabi’a,
- robobin ruwa.
Don tsire-tsire suyi girma mafi kyau kuma kada su sha wahala a faɗuwar zafin jiki na dare, lambun yana da zafi, saboda wannan suna yin aiki kafin dasa shuki a cikin tituna don sanya taki. An cire 20-30 cm na ƙasa, an ajiye saniya ko takin doki kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa da aka cire. Aiwatar da wannan hanyar don greenhouses da kuma bude ƙasa. Amfani da 3 kg a kowace 1 m2. Bugu da kari, ana sanya duwatsu ko kwalabe da aka cika da ruwa a kan gadon, wanda rana za ta rika zafi da rana, kuma za ta rika fitar da zafi a kasa da dare.
Sau da yawa ko da lokacin rani yanayin zafin rana ya faɗi ƙasa da 18-20, ƙananan yanayin zafi yana haifar da jinkirin girma barkono mai daɗi da jinkirta lokacin ripening. tare da fim ko kayan da ba a saka ba.
ƙarshe
Kimiyyar zamani a fagen zaɓe da agronomy, da kuma kula da masu lambu masu kyau, ba ku damar shuka barkono har ma a cikin irin wannan yanki mai haɗari don aikin gona kamar Urals. Akwai adadi mai yawa na ingancin iri akan kasuwar iri. Kuna iya dasa nau’ikan nau’ikan iri daban-daban a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya, wannan zai taimaka a ƙarshe tantance waɗanda aka fi so.
