Me yasa cucumbers ke daina girma kuma ba sa ‘ya’ya? –

Yakan faru ne lokacin da cucumbers suka girma, furannin suna rushewa, ganyen suka zama rawaya, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna girma ƙanana da rashin daidaituwa, ko cucumbers suna fure da yawa, amma ba ovaries ba. Me yasa cucumbers ba sa girma? Ka yi la’akari da muhimman dalilan da ke cikin talifin.

Dalilan dakatar da sabon girma da fruiting cucumbers

Dalilan rashin girma

Akwai dalilai da yawa waɗanda ke tasiri ga dakatarwar girma amfanin gona:

• Cucumber iri-iri. Hybrids iri biyu ne: pollinating kai (parthenocarpic) da pollinating a cikin gargajiya hanya. Ana ɗaukar nau’ikan Parthenocarpic mafi inganci.
• Cin zarafin lokacin shuka. Cucumber al’ada ce da ke tsiro da kyau kuma tana tasowa a cikin yanayi mai dumi, ana dasa shuki a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa ko kuma ana shuka iri bayan yanayin iska ya faɗi ƙasa da 15 ° C.
• ingancin iri. Ana saya ko girbe iri don shuka da kansu, amma shekaru aƙalla shekaru 1-2. Dole ne a bi da tsaba na kansu da maganin manganese kafin shuka.
• Rashin hasken rana. Kokwamba yana buƙatar haske, tsire-tsire da shuka girma. Wajibi ne don samar da haske mai kyau.
• Rashin zafi. Wannan al’amari yana haifar da raguwar ci gaban kore. A seedlings fara rauni. Tsawan sanyi yana haifar da asarar harbi.
• Rashin abinci mai gina jiki Don kawar da wannan dalili, ana ciyar da shuka akai-akai tare da ma’adinai da takin mai magani.
• Rashin kula da gyaran bulala. Don ci gaba mai kyau da yalwar ‘ya’yan itace, an yanke saman saman. Wannan zai dakatar da ci gaban shuka a tsayi, ƙara yawan furannin mata da harbe-harbe.
• Rashin ko wuce haddi na danshi yana haifar da raguwar ci gaban seedling. A cikin ƙasa mai ɗanɗano da yawa, shuka yana girma sosai, amma ya fara tara koren taro kuma samuwar ovaries yana raguwa. A cikin busasshiyar ƙasa, girma yana tsayawa, furanni sun bushe kuma su ruɗe, tsiron ya zama kodadde, ya bushe, ya mutu.
• Powdery mildew cuta, anthracnose yana kaiwa ga raunana shuka. Zelentsy yana kashe kuzarin yaƙar cuta kuma yana daina ba da ‘ya’ya.
• Bayyanar aphids Manyan yankuna suna haifar da asarar dukkanin sassan cucumbers.

Shawarwari kafin dasa shuki

Zaɓin iri

Nau’in pollination na kai yana da kyau ba kawai ga greenhouses ba, har ma don buɗe ƙasa. Baya ga pollination kai, nau’in parthenocarpic shima yana da wasu halaye masu kyau:

• saukin kulawa,
• jure cututtuka,
• ƙarancin kamuwa da cutar kwaro.

Ta zaɓar nau’in pollinated da ƙudan zuma, za ku iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa ta hanyar fesa tsire-tsire tare da bayani mai dadi, mai rauni. Kuna iya yin shi da sukari ko zuma. Ɗauki 1 tablespoon l kuma diluted a cikin gilashin 1 na ruwa. Ana kula da tsire-tsire masu fure sau 2 a mako, sakamakon matsalolin pollination suna ɓacewa.

Yawancin nau’ikan nau’ikan kwai suna zubar da yawancin ‘ya’yan itacen da aka daure, saboda shuka ba zai iya ciyar da su duka ba.

Kwanakin shuka

Ana shuka tsaba don seedlings a ƙarshen Fabrairu da farkon Maris. Dangane da iri-iri, kwanaki 60-80 kafin shuka da aka shirya a gonar. Ana dasa tsire-tsire na cucumber a cikin greenhouses ko seedlings a ranar 10 ga Mayu. A cikin bude filin: a karshen watan Mayu, farkon shekaru goma na Yuni.

Shuka tsaba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bayan tsakiyar watan Mayu. Yanayin zafin ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance a kusa da 15˚C. Rijiyoyin ba su wuce zurfin 2 cm ba, in ba haka ba tsaba suna girma na dogon lokaci ko ba su girma ba.

Shirye-shiryen iri

Tsaba suna taurare kafin dasa shuki

Idan ba a bi shawarwarin tsufa na tsaba ba, tsire-tsire masu girma suna samar da furanni na farko na maza, furanni mara kyau, sannan kawai mace. Ko kuma akasin haka, lokacin da shekaru 2-3 suka tsufa, furannin mata suna yin fure ko a lokaci guda tare da furannin maza.

Don sabbin tsaba su samar da furanni na mata, ana zafi da su ko kuma ana shuka su a yanayin zafi mara kyau ko madaidaici.

Siffofin kulawa

Haskewa

Tare da rashin isasshen haske, tsiron kokwamba ya zama kodadde, ya zama rawaya, shimfiɗa, kuma ya bushe. Don kauce wa wannan, ana shuka cucumbers a wuri mafi rana. Har ila yau, rashin haske na iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa an dasa tsire-tsire masu yawa a cikin gado. Don kauce wa wannan, shirya wurin kuma kula da tsarin shuka.

Temperatura

Don noma, zaɓi wuraren da ke da kariya sosai daga zayyanawa da iska. Tsaba da tsire-tsire suna fushi don ƙara juriya ga sanyi.

Don kare shuka daga canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki, rufe ƙasa tare da ciyawa. An rufe ƙasa da ciyawa, busasshiyar ciyawa, ko sawdust. Hakanan za’a iya yin kwalliya da zanen gado ko allura. An ba da izinin siyan fim na musamman don rufe ƙasa.Wannan hanya za ta taimaka wajen daidaita yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullum, kiyaye danshi, sarrafa ci gaban ciyawa.

Ba za ku iya kwantar da tsire-tsire tare da ruwan sanyi ba – wannan yana rage saurin ci gaban tsire-tsire.

Kayan abinci

Rashin daidaituwa na gina jiki yana nunawa ta hanyar girma mai yawa na koren taro, tsire-tsire ya yi fure kadan, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna girma ba bisa ka’ida ba, adadin ovaries yana raguwa. A wannan yanayin, ana ciyar da shuka tare da takin mai magani na phosphorus a cikin adadin cokali 2. l superphosphate da 10 l na ruwa.

Idan ganye sun juya launin rawaya kuma kayan lambu suna da siffar pear, shuka ba ta da potassium.

Girman ganye, rufe ‘ya’yan itace tare da ƙaya ya fi yadda ya saba, ci gaba da ci gaba – duk waɗannan alamomi ne na buƙatar suturar saman tare da raunin urea.

Siffar gashin ido

Harshen gefen sun fi yawan ‘ya’ya akan cucumbers, saboda haka ana bada shawarar samar da su fiye da 45 cm. An bar babban tushe kamar tsayin mita 1. Bayan tsunkule, ana shayar da seedlings sosai.

da yawa fanko furanni ba: sun kara yawan pollination na shuke-shuke.

Watse

Ana shayar da cucumbers sau 3-4 a mako. Ruwan da kuke sha yana nan kuma zai fi kyau dumi. Ruwa da ƙasa a kusa da shuka, ba ƙarƙashin tushen ba. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine ban ruwa drip.

Kafin furen ya fara, ana dakatar da shayarwa na ɗan lokaci don ganyen ya ragu kaɗan: wannan yana ba da haɓaka haɓakar furen mata.

Cututtuka da kwari

Alamomin cututtuka da sarrafa su:

• Foda mold Alamar cutar ita ce bayyanar fararen fata a cikin ganyayyaki. A sakamakon haka, shuka yana raguwa da girma kuma ya samar da ‘yan ovaries. Ana kula da cucumbers tare da cakuda lita 10 na ruwa da digo 10 na aidin. Yawan feshin magani da rigakafin shine sau ɗaya a mako.
• Anthracnose. Wuraren zagaye suna fitowa a gefen saman ganyen, waɗanda aka rufe da furanni ruwan hoda a bayan ganyen. Bayan lokaci, ulcers suna tasowa. Don hana yaduwar cutar, ana cire duk ganyen da suka lalace a kone su. Ana fesa shuka tare da ruwa Bordeaux 1%.

Aphids

Aphids kwari ne mai haɗari. Yana ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, don haka suna daina ba da ‘ya’yan itace kuma su mutu a kan lokaci.

Don magance aphids, wanke shuka da ruwan dumi mai sabulu. Bayan haka ana bi da shi tare da cakuda 60 ml na jiko na tafarnuwa da lita 10 na ruwa. Ci gaba da labarin …